NRAM_I54A0
ID NRAM_I54A0 Reviewed; 470 AA.
AC P31349;
DT 01-JUL-1993, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JUL-1993, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 120.
DE RecName: Full=Neuraminidase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071};
DE EC=3.2.1.18 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071};
GN Name=NA {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071};
OS Influenza A virus (strain A/Leningrad/1/1954 H1N1).
OC Viruses; Riboviria; Orthornavirae; Negarnaviricota; Polyploviricotina;
OC Insthoviricetes; Articulavirales; Orthomyxoviridae; Alphainfluenzavirus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=393557;
OH NCBI_TaxID=8782; Aves.
OH NCBI_TaxID=9606; Homo sapiens (Human).
OH NCBI_TaxID=9823; Sus scrofa (Pig).
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA].
RX PubMed=4038348;
RA Beklemishev A.B., Blinov V.M., Vassilenko S.K., Golovin S.Y.,
RA Karginov V.A., Mamayev L.V., Mikriukov N.N., Netesov S.V., Petrenko V.A.,
RA Petrov N.A., Frolov I.V.;
RT "Synthesis, cloning and determination of the primary structure of a full-
RT size DNA copy of the neuraminidase gene from influenza virus type A subtype
RT H1N1.";
RL Bioorg. Khim. 11:628-635(1985).
RN [2]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=15567494; DOI=10.1016/j.virusres.2004.08.012;
RA Nayak D.P., Hui E.K., Barman S.;
RT "Assembly and budding of influenza virus.";
RL Virus Res. 106:147-165(2004).
RN [3]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=16192481; DOI=10.1056/nejmra050740;
RA Moscona A.;
RT "Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza.";
RL N. Engl. J. Med. 353:1363-1373(2005).
RN [4]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=15744059; DOI=10.1248/bpb.28.399;
RA Suzuki Y.;
RT "Sialobiology of influenza: molecular mechanism of host range variation of
RT influenza viruses.";
RL Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28:399-408(2005).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the removal of terminal sialic acid residues from
CC viral and cellular glycoconjugates. Cleaves off the terminal sialic
CC acids on the glycosylated HA during virus budding to facilitate virus
CC release. Additionally helps virus spread through the circulation by
CC further removing sialic acids from the cell surface. These cleavages
CC prevent self-aggregation and ensure the efficient spread of the progeny
CC virus from cell to cell. Otherwise, infection would be limited to one
CC round of replication. Described as a receptor-destroying enzyme because
CC it cleaves a terminal sialic acid from the cellular receptors. May
CC facilitate viral invasion of the upper airways by cleaving the sialic
CC acid moieties on the mucin of the airway epithelial cells. Likely to
CC plays a role in the budding process through its association with lipid
CC rafts during intracellular transport. May additionally display a raft-
CC association independent effect on budding. Plays a role in the
CC determination of host range restriction on replication and virulence.
CC Sialidase activity in late endosome/lysosome traffic seems to enhance
CC virus replication. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=Hydrolysis of alpha-(2->3)-, alpha-(2->6)-, alpha-
CC (2->8)- glycosidic linkages of terminal sialic acid residues in
CC oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, colominic acid and
CC synthetic substrates.; EC=3.2.1.18; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04071};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=Ca(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29108;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071};
CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Inhibited by the neuraminidase inhibitors
CC zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu). These drugs interfere
CC with the release of progeny virus from infected cells and are effective
CC against all influenza strains. Resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors
CC is quite rare. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homotetramer. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04071}. Host apical cell membrane {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04071}; Single-pass type II membrane protein
CC {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071}. Note=Preferentially accumulates at
CC the apical plasma membrane in infected polarized epithelial cells,
CC which is the virus assembly site. Uses lipid rafts for cell surface
CC transport and apical sorting. In the virion, forms a mushroom-shaped
CC spike on the surface of the membrane. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04071}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: Intact N-terminus is essential for virion morphogenesis.
CC Possesses two apical sorting signals, one in the ectodomain, which is
CC likely to be a glycan, and the other in the transmembrane domain. The
CC transmembrane domain also plays a role in lipid raft association.
CC {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071}.
CC -!- PTM: N-glycosylated. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The influenza A genome consist of 8 RNA segments.
CC Genetic variation of hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase genes results
CC in the emergence of new influenza strains. The mechanism of variation
CC can be the result of point mutations or the result of genetic
CC reassortment between segments of two different strains.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 34 family.
CC {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071}.
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DR EMBL; M38309; AAA43797.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_RNA.
DR SMR; P31349; -.
DR CAZy; GH34; Glycoside Hydrolase Family 34.
DR GO; GO:0020002; C:host cell plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0055036; C:virion membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0052794; F:exo-alpha-(2->3)-sialidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0052795; F:exo-alpha-(2->6)-sialidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0052796; F:exo-alpha-(2->8)-sialidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0005975; P:carbohydrate metabolic process; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0046761; P:viral budding from plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR CDD; cd15483; Influenza_NA; 1.
DR HAMAP; MF_04071; INFV_NRAM; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR001860; Glyco_hydro_34.
DR InterPro; IPR033654; Sialidase_Influenza_A/B.
DR InterPro; IPR036278; Sialidase_sf.
DR Pfam; PF00064; Neur; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF50939; SSF50939; 1.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Calcium; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Glycosidase; Host cell membrane;
KW Host membrane; Hydrolase; Membrane; Metal-binding; Signal-anchor;
KW Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix; Virion.
FT CHAIN 1..470
FT /note="Neuraminidase"
FT /id="PRO_0000078705"
FT TOPO_DOM 1..6
FT /note="Intravirion"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT TRANSMEM 7..27
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT TOPO_DOM 28..470
FT /note="Virion surface"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT REGION 11..33
FT /note="Involved in apical transport and lipid raft
FT association"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT REGION 36..90
FT /note="Hypervariable stalk region"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT REGION 91..470
FT /note="Head of neuraminidase"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT ACT_SITE 151
FT /note="Proton donor/acceptor"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT ACT_SITE 402
FT /note="Nucleophile"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 118
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 152
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 277..278
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 293
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 294
FT /ligand="Ca(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 298
FT /ligand="Ca(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 324
FT /ligand="Ca(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT BINDING 368
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 44
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 58
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 63
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 68
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 88
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 146
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 235
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 365
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT CARBOHYD 455
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; by host"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 92..417
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 124..129
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 184..231
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 233..238
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 279..292
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 281..290
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 318..335
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
FT DISULFID 421..447
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04071"
SQ SEQUENCE 470 AA; 51894 MW; 958B8F2BEADA0862 CRC64;
MNPNQKIITI GSICMAIGII SLILQIGNII SIWVSHSIQT GSQNHTGICN QRIITYENST
WVNQTYVNIS NTNVVAGKDT TSMTLAGNSS LCPIRGWAIY SKDNSIRIGS KGDVFVIREP
FISCSHLECR TFFLTQGALL NDKHSNGTVK DRSPYRALMS CPIGEAPCPY NSRFESVAWS
ASACHDGMGW LTIGISGPDD GAVAVLKYNG IITETIKSWR KQILRTQESE CVCVNGSCFT
IMTDGPSDGP ASYRIFKIEK GKITKSIELD APNSHYEECS CYPDTGTVMC VCRDNWHGSN
RPWVSFNQNL DYQIGYICSG VFGDNPRPKD GKGSCDPVNV DGADGIKGFS YRYGNGVWIG
RTKSNSSRKG FEMIWDPNGW TDTDSNFLVK QDVVAMTDWS GYSGSFVQHP ELTGLDCMRP
CFWVELIRGR PREKTTIWTS GSSISFCGVN SDTVNWSWPD GAELPFTIDK
