NSP4_ROTGA
ID NSP4_ROTGA Reviewed; 219 AA.
AC Q5QGZ2;
DT 14-APR-2009, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 04-JAN-2005, sequence version 1.
DT 29-SEP-2021, entry version 41.
DE RecName: Full=Non-structural glycoprotein 4 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091};
DE Short=NSP4 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091};
DE AltName: Full=NCVP5 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091};
DE AltName: Full=NS28 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091};
OS Rotavirus B (isolate RVB/Human/China/ADRV/1982) (RV-B) (Rotavirus B
OS (isolate adult diarrhea rotavirus)).
OC Viruses; Riboviria; Orthornavirae; Duplornaviricota; Resentoviricetes;
OC Reovirales; Reoviridae; Sedoreovirinae; Rotavirus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=10942;
OH NCBI_TaxID=9606; Homo sapiens (Human).
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA].
RX PubMed=15845266; DOI=10.1016/j.virusres.2005.02.005;
RA Guzman E., McCrae M.A.;
RT "Molecular characterization of the rotavirus NSP4 enterotoxin homologue
RT from group B rotavirus.";
RL Virus Res. 110:151-160(2005).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in the virus replication cycle by
CC acting as a viroporin. Creates a pore in the host reticulum endoplasmic
CC and as a consequence releases Ca(2+) in the cytoplasm of infected cell.
CC In turn, high levels of cytoplasmic calcium trigger membrane
CC trafficking and transport of viral ER-associated proteins to
CC viroplasms, sites of viral genome replication and immature particle
CC assembly. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091}.
CC -!- FUNCTION: The secreted form acts as an enterotoxin that causes
CC phospholipase C-dependent elevation of the intracellular calcium
CC concentration in host intestinal mucosa cells. Increased concentration
CC of intracellular calcium disrupts the cytoskeleton and the tight
CC junctions, raising the paracellular permeability. Potentiates chloride
CC ion secretion through a calcium ion-dependent signaling pathway,
CC inducing age-dependent diarrhea. To perform this enterotoxigenic role
CC in vivo, NSP4 is released from infected enterocytes in a soluble form
CC capable of diffusing within the intestinal lumen and interacting with
CC host plasma membrane receptors on neighboring epithelial cells such as
CC integrins ITGA1/ITGB1 and ITGA2/ITGB1. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04091}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homotetramer. Interacts with the immature particle in the
CC viroplasm. Interacts with host CAV1, early and late in infection.
CC Interacts with host integrin ITGA1/ITGB1 heterodimer. Interacts with
CC host integrin ITGA2/ITGB1 heterodimer. Interaction with microtubules
CC blocks trafficking to the Golgi apparatus. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04091}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane
CC {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091}; Single-pass type III membrane
CC protein {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091}. Host membrane, host caveola
CC {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091}; Single-pass type III membrane
CC protein {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091}. Secreted {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04091}. Note=NSP4 localizes also in vesicular structures which
CC contain autophagosomal markers and associate with viroplasms in virus-
CC infected cells. Additionally, a soluble form of glycosylated NSP4 is
CC secreted despite retention of its transmembrane domain.
CC {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the rotavirus NSP4 family. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04091}.
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DR EMBL; AY548957; AAT36306.1; -; Genomic_RNA.
DR SMR; Q5QGZ2; -.
DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0044155; C:host caveola; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0044169; C:host cell rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0044385; C:integral to membrane of host cell; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005216; F:ion channel activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0090729; F:toxin activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR GO; GO:0039520; P:induction by virus of host autophagy; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0039707; P:pore formation by virus in membrane of host cell; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0051259; P:protein complex oligomerization; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR HAMAP; MF_04091; ROTA_NSP4; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR002107; Rotavirus_NSP4.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Activation of host autophagy by virus; Enterotoxin; Glycoprotein;
KW Host endoplasmic reticulum; Host membrane; Host-virus interaction;
KW Ion channel; Ion transport; Membrane; Secreted; Signal-anchor; Toxin;
KW Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix; Transport; Viral ion channel;
KW Virulence.
FT CHAIN 1..219
FT /note="Non-structural glycoprotein 4"
FT /id="PRO_0000369864"
FT TOPO_DOM 1..47
FT /note="Lumenal"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091"
FT TRANSMEM 48..74
FT /note="Helical; Signal-anchor for type III membrane
FT protein"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091"
FT TOPO_DOM 75..219
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04091"
SQ SEQUENCE 219 AA; 25347 MW; 9569C7E9763005BD CRC64;
MAESSDMQEL FVQATYEEIL KLASSVNHEQ IRETISSSSP QKILTGTMLT LGALLTTLIV
KKKGTKFLTT KVQSNVAYLA EMVVWKANQT VKTICDEVLH QRKVIEKLQC LDKMCSEIEK
LRYDMEHFQG MDVTKELIQM CEQKMIDIDS KVKEVERSCD RRIRDYDWKI ATLTAHPTQQ
LPAHIDIINQ HIEDDAETQI IQQHMNKQAR VKLNSRNRL
