OPSD_LITPI
ID OPSD_LITPI Reviewed; 354 AA.
AC P31355;
DT 01-JUL-1993, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JUL-1993, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 97.
DE RecName: Full=Rhodopsin;
GN Name=RHO;
OS Lithobates pipiens (Northern leopard frog) (Rana pipiens).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Amphibia;
OC Batrachia; Anura; Neobatrachia; Ranoidea; Ranidae; Lithobates.
OX NCBI_TaxID=8404;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC TISSUE=Retina;
RX PubMed=1426275; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(92)81422-i;
RA Pittler S.J., Fliesler S.J., Baehr W.;
RT "Primary structure of frog rhodopsin.";
RL FEBS Lett. 313:103-108(1992).
RN [2]
RP GLYCOSYLATION AT ASN-2 AND ASN-15, STRUCTURE OF CARBOHYDRATES,
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=8400551; DOI=10.1093/glycob/3.4.365;
RA Duffin K.L., Lange G.W., Welply J.K., Florman R., O'Brien P.J., Dell A.,
RA Reason A.J., Morris H.R., Fliesler S.J.;
RT "Identification and oligosaccharide structure analysis of rhodopsin
RT glycoforms containing galactose and sialic acid.";
RL Glycobiology 3:365-380(1993).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light
CC intensity. Required for photoreceptor cell viability after birth (By
CC similarity). Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal
CC triggers a conformational change that activates signaling via G-
CC proteins. Subsequent receptor phosphorylation mediates displacement of
CC the bound G-protein alpha subunit by arrestin and terminates signaling
CC (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699,
CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100}; Multi-
CC pass membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100}. Cell projection,
CC cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8400551}.
CC Note=Synthesized in the inner segment (IS) of rod photoreceptor cells
CC before vectorial transport to disk membranes in the rod outer segment
CC (OS) photosensory cilia. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08100}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Detected in retina rod photoreceptor cell outer
CC segments (at protein level) (PubMed:8400551). Detected in retina
CC (PubMed:1426275). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1426275,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8400551}.
CC -!- PTM: Contains one covalently linked retinal chromophore. Upon light
CC absorption, the covalently bound 11-cis-retinal is converted to all-
CC trans-retinal. After hydrolysis of the Schiff base and release of the
CC covalently bound all-trans-retinal, active rhodopsin is regenerated by
CC binding of a fresh molecule of 11-cis-retinal.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin
CC subfamily. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00521}.
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DR EMBL; S49004; AAB24265.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; S27231; S27231.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P31355; -.
DR SMR; P31355; -.
DR GlyConnect; 526; 8 N-Linked glycans (2 sites).
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0097381; C:photoreceptor disc membrane; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005502; F:11-cis retinal binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0008020; F:G protein-coupled photoreceptor activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016038; P:absorption of visible light; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016056; P:rhodopsin mediated signaling pathway; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007601; P:visual perception; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR000276; GPCR_Rhodpsn.
DR InterPro; IPR017452; GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM.
DR InterPro; IPR001760; Opsin.
DR InterPro; IPR027430; Retinal_BS.
DR InterPro; IPR000732; Rhodopsin.
DR InterPro; IPR019477; Rhodopsin_N.
DR Pfam; PF00001; 7tm_1; 1.
DR Pfam; PF10413; Rhodopsin_N; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00237; GPCRRHODOPSN.
DR PRINTS; PR00238; OPSIN.
DR PRINTS; PR00579; RHODOPSIN.
DR PROSITE; PS00237; G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50262; G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_2; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00238; OPSIN; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Cell projection; Chromophore; Disulfide bond; G-protein coupled receptor;
KW Glycoprotein; Lipoprotein; Membrane; Palmitate; Phosphoprotein;
KW Photoreceptor protein; Receptor; Retinal protein; Sensory transduction;
KW Transducer; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix; Vision.
FT CHAIN 1..354
FT /note="Rhodopsin"
FT /id="PRO_0000197706"
FT TOPO_DOM 1..36
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 37..61
FT /note="Helical; Name=1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT TOPO_DOM 62..73
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 74..96
FT /note="Helical; Name=2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT TOPO_DOM 97..110
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 111..133
FT /note="Helical; Name=3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT TOPO_DOM 134..152
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 153..173
FT /note="Helical; Name=4"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT TOPO_DOM 174..202
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 203..224
FT /note="Helical; Name=5"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT TOPO_DOM 225..252
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 253..274
FT /note="Helical; Name=6"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT TOPO_DOM 275..286
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 287..308
FT /note="Helical; Name=7"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT TOPO_DOM 309..354
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT REGION 332..354
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOTIF 134..136
FT /note="'Ionic lock' involved in activated form
FT stabilization"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT SITE 113
FT /note="Plays an important role in the conformation switch
FT to the active conformation"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT MOD_RES 296
FT /note="N6-(retinylidene)lysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT LIPID 322
FT /note="S-palmitoyl cysteine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT LIPID 323
FT /note="S-palmitoyl cysteine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02699"
FT CARBOHYD 2
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) (hybrid) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:8400551"
FT /id="CAR_000188"
FT CARBOHYD 15
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:8400551"
FT /id="CAR_000199"
FT DISULFID 110..187
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00521"
SQ SEQUENCE 354 AA; 39939 MW; 357E5DA0C8E1ED55 CRC64;
MNGTEGPNFY IPMSNKTGVV RSPFDYPQYY LAEPWKYSVL AAYMFLLILL GLPINFMTLY
VTIQHKKLRT PLNYILLNLG VCNHFMVLCG FTITMYTSLH GYFVFGQTGC YFEGFFATLG
GEIALWSLVV LAIERYIVVC KPMSNFRFGE NHAMMGVAFT WIMALACAVP PLFGWSRYIP
EGMQCSCGVD YYTLKPEVNN ESFVIYMFVV HFLIPLIIIS FCYGRLVCTV KEAAAQQQES
ATTQKAEKEV TRMVIIMVIF FLICWVPYAY VAFYIFTHQG SEFGPIFMTV PAFFAKSSAI
YNPVIYIMLN KQFRNCMITT LCCGKNPFGD DDASSAATSK TEATSVSTSQ VSPA
