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PANS1_ARATH
ID   PANS1_ARATH             Reviewed;         193 AA.
AC   Q9LJG6; Q84WK8; Q8LFX6;
DT   30-NOV-2016, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-OCT-2000, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 102.
DE   RecName: Full=Protein PATRONUS 1 {ECO:0000303|Ref.5};
DE   AltName: Full=Protein COPPER MODIFIED RESISTANCE 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24134393};
GN   Name=PANS1 {ECO:0000303|Ref.5};
GN   Synonyms=CMR1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24134393};
GN   OrderedLocusNames=At3g14190 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT3G14190,
GN   ECO:0000312|EMBL:AEE75484.1};
OS   Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC   rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=3702 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:BAB02986.1};
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=10907853; DOI=10.1093/dnares/7.3.217;
RA   Kaneko T., Katoh T., Sato S., Nakamura Y., Asamizu E., Tabata S.;
RT   "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. II. Sequence
RT   features of the 4,251,695 bp regions covered by 90 P1, TAC and BAC
RT   clones.";
RL   DNA Res. 7:217-221(2000).
RN   [2]
RP   GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA   Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA   Town C.D.;
RT   "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT   genome.";
RL   Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA   Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA   Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA   Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA   Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA   Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA   Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA   Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA   Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA   Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA   Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA   Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA   Ecker J.R.;
RT   "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT   genome.";
RL   Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA   Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A.,
RA   Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y.,
RA   Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K.,
RA   Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.,
RA   Shinozaki K.;
RT   "Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs.";
RL   Submitted (JUL-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA   Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA   Feldmann K.A.;
RT   "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL   Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [6]
RP   FUNCTION, INDUCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, INTERACTION
RP   WITH CDC27B AND CDC20-1, MUTAGENESIS OF 14-ASP--ASN-16 AND 46-ARG--LEU-49,
RP   AND DOMAIN.
RX   PubMed=24206843; DOI=10.1016/j.cub.2013.08.036;
RA   Cromer L., Jolivet S., Horlow C., Chelysheva L., Heyman J., De Jaeger G.,
RA   Koncz C., De Veylder L., Mercier R.;
RT   "Centromeric cohesion is protected twice at meiosis, by SHUGOSHINs at
RT   anaphase I and by PATRONUS at interkinesis.";
RL   Curr. Biol. 23:2090-2099(2013).
RN   [7]
RP   FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX   PubMed=24134393; DOI=10.1111/nph.12554;
RA   Juraniec M., Lequeux H., Hermans C., Willems G., Nordborg M.,
RA   Schneeberger K., Salis P., Vromant M., Lutts S., Verbruggen N.;
RT   "Towards the discovery of novel genetic component involved in stress
RT   resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL   New Phytol. 201:810-824(2014).
RN   [8]
RP   FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=24506176; DOI=10.1111/tpj.12432;
RA   Zamariola L., De Storme N., Vannerum K., Vandepoele K., Armstrong S.J.,
RA   Franklin F.C., Geelen D.;
RT   "SHUGOSHINs and PATRONUS protect meiotic centromere cohesion in Arabidopsis
RT   thaliana.";
RL   Plant J. 77:782-794(2014).
RN   [9]
RP   FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY,
RP   AND INDUCTION.
RX   PubMed=26272661; DOI=10.1186/s12870-015-0558-6;
RA   Singh D.K., Spillane C., Siddiqi I.;
RT   "PATRONUS1 is expressed in meiotic prophase I to regulate centromeric
RT   cohesion in Arabidopsis and shows synthetic lethality with OSD1.";
RL   BMC Plant Biol. 15:201-201(2015).
RN   [10]
RP   FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX   PubMed=26261921; DOI=10.1111/nph.13589;
RA   Juraniec M., Heyman J., Schubert V., Salis P., De Veylder L.,
RA   Verbruggen N.;
RT   "Arabidopsis COPPER MODIFIED RESISTANCE1/PATRONUS1 is essential for growth
RT   adaptation to stress and required for mitotic onset control.";
RL   New Phytol. 209:177-191(2016).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Required for the maintenance of centromeric cohesion during
CC       interkinesis, until meiosis II (PubMed:24206843, PubMed:26272661).
CC       Required for regular configuration and segregation of sister chromatids
CC       in meiosis II (PubMed:24506176). Also required for centromere cohesion
CC       during meiosis I (PubMed:26272661). Involved in spindle organization at
CC       the end of telophase I and in meiosis II (PubMed:24506176). Required to
CC       prevent precocious release of pericentromeric cohesins during meiosis,
CC       but not for cohesion establishment and monopolar orientation of
CC       kinetochores at meiosis I (PubMed:24206843). Involved also in somatic
CC       development (PubMed:24206843). Regulates mitotic cell division and
CC       ploidy stability in somatic cell types (PubMed:24506176). May be
CC       involved in the organization of microtubules dynamics
CC       (PubMed:24506176). Involved in abiotic stresses and mono- or divalent
CC       ions tolerance and may play a role in maintaining meristematic activity
CC       under saline conditions (PubMed:24134393). PANS1 and GIG1 are part of a
CC       network linking centromere cohesion and cell cycle progression through
CC       control of APC/C activity (PubMed:26272661). Regulates the number of
CC       dividing cells in root meristem and is necessary for the anaphase onset
CC       control through an APC/C-mediated pathway (PubMed:26261921). Involved
CC       in maintaining correct chromosome arm cohesion under stress conditions
CC       (PubMed:26261921). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24134393,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24206843, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24506176,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26261921, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26272661}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts directly with the anaphase promoting
CC       complex/cyclosome (APC/C) through the CDC27B and CDC20-1 subunits.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24206843}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24134393,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26272661}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24134393}.
CC       Note=Excluded from the nucleolus. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26272661}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in somatic and reproductive tissues
CC       (PubMed:24206843). Expressed in inflorescence, young buds, roots and
CC       basal portion of young leaves (PubMed:26272661). Expressed in
CC       proliferating cells such as apical meristems of roots and shoots,
CC       expanding cotyledons and leaves, root vascular tissues, and in stomatal
CC       precursor cells (PubMed:26261921). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24206843,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26261921, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26272661}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Cell cycle regulated with a peak at late M/early G1 phase
CC       mitosis (PubMed:24206843). Peak of expression during metaphase
CC       (PubMed:26261921). Strongly expressed up to mid-prophase I and
CC       decreases during late prophase (PubMed:26272661). Not induced by stress
CC       (PubMed:26261921). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26261921,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26272661, ECO:0000305|PubMed:24206843}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The DEN-box is not essential for the meiotic function.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24206843}.
CC   -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Reduced fertility when homozygous
CC       (PubMed:24206843, PubMed:24506176). High level of gametophytic
CC       aneuploidy (PubMed:24506176, PubMed:26272661). Occurrence of split
CC       sister centromeres at metaphase I (PubMed:26272661). Pans1 and pans2
CC       double mutants are lethal when homozygous (PubMed:24206843). Increased
CC       mono- or divalent ions sensitivity resulting in primary root growth
CC       inhibition and increased lateral root density (PubMed:24134393).
CC       Hypersensitivity to microtubule-depolymerizing drugs and higher
CC       frequency of anaphase bridges under stress conditions
CC       (PubMed:26261921). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24134393,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24206843, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24506176,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:26261921, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26272661}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Patronus is Latin for protector.
CC       {ECO:0000305|PubMed:24206843}.
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DR   EMBL; AP000600; BAB02986.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002686; AEE75484.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002686; ANM65516.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BT003111; AAO24543.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AK228197; BAF00151.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AY084592; AAM61157.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001327476.1; NM_001338112.1.
DR   RefSeq; NP_566480.1; NM_112275.3.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q9LJG6; -.
DR   STRING; 3702.AT3G14190.1; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q9LJG6; -.
DR   PRIDE; Q9LJG6; -.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT3G14190.1; AT3G14190.1; AT3G14190.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT3G14190.2; AT3G14190.2; AT3G14190.
DR   GeneID; 820636; -.
DR   Gramene; AT3G14190.1; AT3G14190.1; AT3G14190.
DR   Gramene; AT3G14190.2; AT3G14190.2; AT3G14190.
DR   KEGG; ath:AT3G14190; -.
DR   Araport; AT3G14190; -.
DR   TAIR; locus:2087482; AT3G14190.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG502R1GX; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_1423353_0_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q9LJG6; -.
DR   OMA; KYDTEMM; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1331402at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q9LJG6; -.
DR   PRO; PR:Q9LJG6; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 3.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; Q9LJG6; baseline and differential.
DR   GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005730; C:nucleolus; IDA:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0051301; P:cell division; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0007059; P:chromosome segregation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0051321; P:meiotic cell cycle; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0034096; P:positive regulation of maintenance of meiotic sister chromatid cohesion; IMP:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:2000711; P:positive regulation of maintenance of meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric; IMP:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0007346; P:regulation of mitotic cell cycle; IMP:TAIR.
DR   InterPro; IPR039326; Patronus.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR35125; PTHR35125; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Cell cycle; Cell division; Chromosome partition; Cytoplasm; Meiosis;
KW   Mitosis; Nucleus; Reference proteome.
FT   CHAIN           1..193
FT                   /note="Protein PATRONUS 1"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000438544"
FT   MOTIF           14..16
FT                   /note="DEN-box"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   MOTIF           46..49
FT                   /note="D-box"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   MUTAGEN         14..16
FT                   /note="DEN->AAA: No effect on the interaction with CDC27B,
FT                   but strongly decreased interaction with CDC20-1. Loss of
FT                   interaction with CDC20-1 and lethality; when associated
FT                   with 46-LKAV-49."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:24206843"
FT   MUTAGEN         46..49
FT                   /note="RKAL->LKAV: No effect on the interaction with
FT                   CDC27B, but strongly decreased interaction with CDC20-1.
FT                   Loss of interaction with CDC20-1 and lethality; when
FT                   associated with 14-AAA-16."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:24206843"
FT   CONFLICT        43
FT                   /note="G -> V (in Ref. 5; AAM61157)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        77
FT                   /note="K -> E (in Ref. 3; AAO24543 and 4; BAF00151)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        77
FT                   /note="K -> KD (in Ref. 5; AAM61157)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ   SEQUENCE   193 AA;  21733 MW;  DC8718A166F75161 CRC64;
     MANMNALQQM IFPDENAPIH RKKSVTAASV KSKGTVLGQK KPGGARKALN DITNKSGIHA
     KAAASSKNKQ IASAAVKEID IAGERFLHDH SKCIKEQQNL WDDHYSADLM LLHHGSSIKE
     KHLNWDIEKM DAKDDLTYEE PEEMASPKFS DWLKNSTPWR SPIRHGSMMP STPLAWRFDS
     CEFTLKEDSD DLF
 
 
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