PDF_DROME
ID PDF_DROME Reviewed; 102 AA.
AC O96690; Q7JYY1; Q9VBE9;
DT 06-DEC-2005, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 06-DEC-2005, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 125.
DE RecName: Full=Protein PDF;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=PDF precursor-related peptide;
DE Short=PAP;
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Neuropeptide PDF;
DE AltName: Full=Pigment-dispersing factor homolog;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=Pdf; ORFNames=CG6496;
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND
RP DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=Canton-S; TISSUE=Head;
RX PubMed=9615286; DOI=10.1177/074873098129000066;
RA Park J.H., Hall J.C.;
RT "Isolation and chronobiological analysis of a neuropeptide pigment-
RT dispersing factor gene in Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL J. Biol. Rhythms 13:219-228(1998).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley; TISSUE=Head;
RX PubMed=12537569; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0080;
RA Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A.,
RA Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M.,
RA Celniker S.E.;
RT "A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002).
RN [5]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 83-100, IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, MASS
RP SPECTROMETRY, AND AMIDATION AT ALA-100.
RC TISSUE=Midgut {ECO:0000303|PubMed:21214272};
RX PubMed=21214272; DOI=10.1021/pr101116g;
RA Reiher W., Shirras C., Kahnt J., Baumeister S., Isaac R.E., Wegener C.;
RT "Peptidomics and peptide hormone processing in the Drosophila midgut.";
RL J. Proteome Res. 10:1881-1892(2011).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=10619432; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81676-1;
RA Renn S.C.C., Park J.H., Rosbash M., Hall J.C., Taghert P.H.;
RT "A pdf neuropeptide gene mutation and ablation of PDF neurons each cause
RT severe abnormalities of behavioral circadian rhythms in Drosophila.";
RL Cell 99:791-802(1999).
RN [7]
RP ERRATUM OF PUBMED:10619432.
RA Renn S.C.C., Park J.H., Rosbash M., Hall J.C., Taghert P.H.;
RL Cell 101:114-114(1999).
RN [8]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX PubMed=10725392; DOI=10.1073/pnas.97.7.3608;
RA Park J.H., Helfrich-Foerster C., Lee G., Liu L., Rosbash M., Hall J.C.;
RT "Differential regulation of circadian pacemaker output by separate clock
RT genes in Drosophila.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:3608-3613(2000).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=10777797; DOI=10.1523/jneurosci.20-09-03339.2000;
RA Helfrich-Foerster C., Taueber M., Park J.H., Muehlig-Versen M.,
RA Schneuwly S., Hofbauer A.;
RT "Ectopic expression of the neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor alters
RT behavioral rhythms in Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL J. Neurosci. 20:3339-3353(2000).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=15356209; DOI=10.1523/jneurosci.2370-04.2004;
RA Lin Y., Stormo G.D., Taghert P.H.;
RT "The neuropeptide pigment-dispersing factor coordinates pacemaker
RT interactions in the Drosophila circadian system.";
RL J. Neurosci. 24:7951-7957(2004).
RN [11]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=19038223; DOI=10.1016/j.neuron.2008.10.042;
RA Parisky K.M., Agosto J., Pulver S.R., Shang Y., Kuklin E., Hodge J.J.,
RA Kang K., Kang K., Liu X., Garrity P.A., Rosbash M., Griffith L.C.;
RT "PDF cells are a GABA-responsive wake-promoting component of the Drosophila
RT sleep circuit.";
RL Neuron 60:672-682(2008).
RN [12]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=19230663; DOI=10.1016/j.cub.2009.01.040;
RA Chung B.Y., Kilman V.L., Keath J.R., Pitman J.L., Allada R.;
RT "The GABA(A) receptor RDL acts in peptidergic PDF neurons to promote sleep
RT in Drosophila.";
RL Curr. Biol. 19:386-390(2009).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Neuropeptide PDF is the main transmitter regulating circadian
CC locomotor rhythms. Required to maintain behavioral rhythms under
CC constant conditions by coordinating pacemaker interactions in the
CC circadian system. Ectopic expression induces long periods, while its
CC absence leads to short periods. Acts on small and large ventral lateral
CC neurons to control sleep and regulates the state transition from sleep
CC to wake (PubMed:19038223, PubMed:19230663).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10619432, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10777797,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15356209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19038223,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19230663}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Predominantly expressed in adult head. Expressed at
CC higher level in males than in females. In adult brain, it is
CC specifically expressed in the ventral lateral neurons (LNvs) as well as
CC in 2-4 tritocerebral cells and 4-6 abdominal cells.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10619432, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10725392,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9615286}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed at constant level, without strong
CC circadian variations. Its amount nevertheless oscillates along day and
CC night cycles in the termini of dorsally projected axons of LNvs.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10725392, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9615286}.
CC -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: [Neuropeptide PDF]: Mass=1972.02; Method=MALDI;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:21214272};
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Increases total sleep time, decreases sleep
CC latency, leads to loss of morning activity peak, and a failure to wake
CC up in advance of light-on anticipation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19038223,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19230663}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the arthropod PDH family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAL49303.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; AF110059; AAC98309.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AE014297; AAF56593.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY071681; AAL49303.2; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_524517.1; NM_079793.3.
DR AlphaFoldDB; O96690; -.
DR BioGRID; 68089; 3.
DR IntAct; O96690; 1.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0084396; -.
DR PaxDb; O96690; -.
DR PRIDE; O96690; -.
DR DNASU; 43193; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0085024; FBpp0084396; FBgn0023178.
DR GeneID; 43193; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG6496; -.
DR CTD; 64146; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0023178; Pdf.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0023178; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502T6YK; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_2335781_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; O96690; -.
DR OMA; MPDEERY; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1642219at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; O96690; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 43193; 0 hits in 1 CRISPR screen.
DR GenomeRNAi; 43193; -.
DR PRO; PR:O96690; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome 3R.
DR Bgee; FBgn0023178; Expressed in brain and 10 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; O96690; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; O96690; DM.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0043005; C:neuron projection; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0043025; C:neuronal cell body; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005184; F:neuropeptide hormone activity; TAS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005102; F:signaling receptor binding; IPI:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007189; P:adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007623; P:circadian rhythm; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0042745; P:circadian sleep/wake cycle; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0008062; P:eclosion rhythm; TAS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0043153; P:entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0042332; P:gravitaxis; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0045475; P:locomotor rhythm; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007617; P:mating behavior; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007218; P:neuropeptide signaling pathway; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0010841; P:positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0042749; P:regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:1904059; P:regulation of locomotor rhythm; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:1901562; P:response to paraquat; IMP:FlyBase.
DR InterPro; IPR009396; Pigment_DH.
DR Pfam; PF06324; Pigment_DH; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Amidation; Biological rhythms; Cleavage on pair of basic residues;
KW Direct protein sequencing; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..24
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT PEPTIDE 25..79
FT /note="PDF precursor-related peptide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT /id="PRO_0000043162"
FT PEPTIDE 83..100
FT /note="Neuropeptide PDF"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:21214272"
FT /id="PRO_0000043163"
FT MOD_RES 100
FT /note="Alanine amide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:21214272"
FT CONFLICT 4
FT /note="Y -> F (in Ref. 1; AAC98309)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 102 AA; 11545 MW; 7F7E0CAA40AE39C2 CRC64;
MARYTYLVAL VLLAICCQWG YCGAMAMPDE ERYVRKEYNR DLLDWFNNVG VGQFSPGQVA
TLCRYPLILE NSLGPSVPIR KRNSELINSL LSLPKNMNDA GK
