ID   PDS_SYNE7               Reviewed;         474 AA.
AC   P26294; Q31LQ6;
DT   01-MAY-1992, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAY-1992, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 126.
DE   RecName: Full=15-cis-phytoene desaturase;
DE            EC=1.3.5.5;
DE   AltName: Full=Phytoene dehydrogenase;
GN   Name=pds; Synonyms=crtP; OrderedLocusNames=Synpcc7942_1983;
OS   Synechococcus elongatus (strain PCC 7942 / FACHB-805) (Anacystis nidulans
OS   R2).
OC   Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Synechococcales; Synechococcaceae; Synechococcus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=1140;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=1907510; DOI=10.1007/bf00016069;
RA   Chamovitz D., Pecker I., Hirschberg J.;
RT   "The molecular basis of resistance to the herbicide norflurazon.";
RL   Plant Mol. Biol. 16:967-974(1991).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=PCC 7942 / FACHB-805;
RG   US DOE Joint Genome Institute;
RA   Copeland A., Lucas S., Lapidus A., Barry K., Detter J.C., Glavina T.,
RA   Hammon N., Israni S., Pitluck S., Schmutz J., Larimer F., Land M.,
RA   Kyrpides N., Lykidis A., Richardson P.;
RT   "Complete sequence of chromosome 1 of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942.";
RL   Submitted (AUG-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [3]
RP   FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, AND BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES.
RX   PubMed=9226712; DOI=10.1006/prep.1997.0730;
RA   Schneider C., Boger P., Sandmann G.;
RT   "Phytoene desaturase: heterologous expression in an active state,
RT   purification, and biochemical properties.";
RL   Protein Expr. Purif. 10:175-179(1997).
RN   [4]
RP   INDUCTION BY LIGHT.
RX   PubMed=17080956; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-3040.2006.01515.x;
RA   Schafer L., Sandmann M., Woitsch S., Sandmann G.;
RT   "Coordinate up-regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis as a response to light
RT   stress in Synechococcus PCC7942.";
RL   Plant Cell Environ. 29:1349-1356(2006).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: This enzyme converts phytoene into zeta-carotene via the
CC       intermediary of phytofluene by the symmetrical introduction of two
CC       double bonds at the C-11 and C-11' positions of phytoene. Also active
CC       with phytofluene and 1,2-epoxyphytoene as substrates.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9226712}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=15-cis-phytoene + 2 a plastoquinone = 9,9',15-tri-cis-zeta-
CC         carotene + 2 a plastoquinol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:30287, Rhea:RHEA-
CC         COMP:9561, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9562, ChEBI:CHEBI:17757, ChEBI:CHEBI:27787,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:48717, ChEBI:CHEBI:62192; EC=1.3.5.5;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9226712};
CC   -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Inhibited by the herbicide norflurazon in a non-
CC       competitive way.
CC   -!- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
CC       Kinetic parameters:
CC         KM=3.5 uM for phytoene {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9226712};
CC         KM=14.3 mM for NADP {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9226712};
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Carotenoid biosynthesis; lycopene biosynthesis.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Peripheral membrane
CC       protein {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated by light. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17080956}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Can also use NAD(+) and NADP(+) as electron acceptor
CC       under anaerobic conditions.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carotenoid/retinoid oxidoreductase family.
CC       {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; X55289; CAA39004.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP000100; ABB58013.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; WP_011378266.1; NC_007604.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P26294; -.
DR   SMR; P26294; -.
DR   STRING; 1140.Synpcc7942_1983; -.
DR   ChEMBL; CHEMBL2366472; -.
DR   PRIDE; P26294; -.
DR   EnsemblBacteria; ABB58013; ABB58013; Synpcc7942_1983.
DR   KEGG; syf:Synpcc7942_1983; -.
DR   eggNOG; COG0493; Bacteria.
DR   eggNOG; COG3349; Bacteria.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_022687_1_0_3; -.
DR   OMA; HSMIFNQ; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 630753at2; -.
DR   BioCyc; MetaCyc:SYNPCC7942_0970-MON; -.
DR   BioCyc; SYNEL:SYNPCC7942_0970-MON; -.
DR   BioCyc; SYNEL:SYNPCC7942_1983-MON; -.
DR   SABIO-RK; P26294; -.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00803; -.
DR   GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0016166; F:phytoene dehydrogenase activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0016117; P:carotenoid biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0009635; P:response to herbicide; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   Gene3D; 3.50.50.60; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR002937; Amino_oxidase.
DR   InterPro; IPR036188; FAD/NAD-bd_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR014102; Phytoene_desaturase.
DR   Pfam; PF01593; Amino_oxidase; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF51905; SSF51905; 1.
DR   TIGRFAMs; TIGR02731; phytoene_desat; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Carotenoid biosynthesis; Cell membrane; Herbicide resistance; Membrane;
KW   NAD; Oxidoreductase.
FT   CHAIN           1..474
FT                   /note="15-cis-phytoene desaturase"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000067697"
FT   VARIANT         403
FT                   /note="V -> G (in strain: NZF4; confers resistance to the
FT                   herbicide norflurazon)"
SQ   SEQUENCE   474 AA;  53296 MW;  793EC60CE7F2A005 CRC64;
     MRVAIAGAGL AGLSCAKYLA DAGHTPIVYE RRDVLGGKVA AWKDEDGDWY ETGLHIFFGA
     YPNMLQLFKE LNIEDRLQWK SHSMIFNQPT KPGTYSRFDF PDIPAPINGV AAILSNNDML
     TWEEKIKFGL GLLPAMIRGQ SYVEEMDQYS WTEWLRKQNI PERVNDEVFI AMAKALNFID
     PDEISATVVL TALNRFLQEK KGSMMAFLDG APPERLCQPI VEHVQARGGD VLLNAPLKEF
     VLNDDSSVQA FRIAGIKGQE EQLIEADAYV SALPVDPLKL LLPDAWKAMP YFQQLDGLQG
     VPVINIHLWF DRKLTDIDHL LFSRSPLLSV YADMSNTCRE YEDPDRSMLE LVFAPAKDWI
     GRSDEDILAA TMAEIEKLFP QHFSGENPAR LRKYKIVKTP LSVYKATPGR QQYRPDQASP
     IANFFLTGDY TMQRYLASME GAVLSGKLTA QAIIARQDEL QRRSSGRPLA ASQA