ID   PERI2_PERAM             Reviewed;          15 AA.
AC   C0HLK8;
DT   18-SEP-2019, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   18-SEP-2019, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 4.
DE   RecName: Full=Periplanetasin-2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28173695};
DE            Short=Peri-2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28173695};
OS   Periplaneta americana (American cockroach) (Blatta americana).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC   Neoptera; Polyneoptera; Dictyoptera; Blattodea; Blattoidea; Blattidae;
OC   Blattinae; Periplaneta.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=6978;
RN   [1] {ECO:0000305}
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], SYNTHESIS, FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX   PubMed=27167617; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0155304;
RA   Kim I.W., Lee J.H., Subramaniyam S., Yun E.Y., Kim I., Park J., Hwang J.S.;
RT   "De Novo Transciptome Analysis and Detection of Antimicrobial Peptides of
RT   the American Cockroach Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus).";
RL   PLoS ONE 11:E0155304-E0155304(2016).
RN   [2] {ECO:0000305}
RP   SYNTHESIS, AND FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=28733329; DOI=10.1042/bcj20170461;
RA   Yun J., Hwang J.S., Lee D.G.;
RT   "The antifungal activity of the peptide, periplanetasin-2, derived from
RT   American cockroach Periplaneta americana.";
RL   Biochem. J. 474:3027-3043(2017).
RN   [3] {ECO:0000305}
RP   SYNTHESIS, AND FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=28173695; DOI=10.4014/jmb.1612.12012;
RA   Hong J., Zhang P., Yoon I.N., Hwang J.S., Kang J.K., Kim H.;
RT   "The American Cockroach Peptide Periplanetasin-2 Blocks Clostridium
RT   Difficile Toxin A-Induced Cell Damage and Inflammation in the Gut.";
RL   J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 27:694-700(2017).
RN   [4] {ECO:0000305}
RP   SYNTHESIS, AND FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=30554389; DOI=10.1007/s00253-018-9561-9;
RA   Lee B., Hwang J.S., Lee D.G.;
RT   "Induction of apoptosis-like death by periplanetasin-2 in Escherichia coli
RT   and contribution of SOS genes.";
RL   Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 103:1417-1427(2019).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Antimicrobial peptide which displays antifungal activity and
CC       antibacterial activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-
CC       negative bacteria (PubMed:27167617, PubMed:28173695, PubMed:28733329,
CC       PubMed:30554389). Has antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive
CC       bacteria E.faecium ATCC 19434 (MIC=2.5 uM), E.faecalis ATCC29212
CC       (MIC=2.5 uM), S.epidermidis KCTC 1917 (MIC=5 uM), S.mutans KCTC 3065
CC       (MIC=5 uM), and the Gram-negative bacteria E.coli BW25113 (MIC=5 uM),
CC       P.aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (MIC=10 uM), S.typhimurium KCTC 1926 (MIC=5 uM)
CC       and S.enteritidis ATCC 13076 (MIC=5 uM) (PubMed:30554389). Has
CC       antifungal activity against C.albicans ATCC 90028 (MIC=10 uM),
CC       C.parapsilosis ATCC 22019 (MIC=5 uM), T.beigelii KCTC 7707 (MIC=5 uM),
CC       M.furfur KCTC 7744 (MIC=5 uM), A.flavus KCTC 6905 (MIC=10 uM) and
CC       A.fumigatus KCTC 6145 (MIC=10 uM) (PubMed:28733329). Likely to exert
CC       its antifungal and antibacterial effects by promoting the generation of
CC       reactive oxygen species (ROS) which leads to the induction of apoptotic
CC       signaling cascades in the bacterial or fungal cells characterized by
CC       membrane depolarization, DNA fragmentation, caspase-like protein
CC       activation, and phosphatidylserine externalization (PubMed:28733329,
CC       PubMed:30554389). In E.coli, this ROS generation activates the E.coli
CC       SOS caspase RecA which promotes a cell death mechanism analogous to
CC       eukaryotic apoptotic cell death (PubMed:30554389).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27167617, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28173695,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:28733329, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30554389}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated by infection with E.coli.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27167617}.
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DR   GO; GO:0006915; P:apoptotic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0042742; P:defense response to bacterium; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0050832; P:defense response to fungus; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0031640; P:killing of cells of another organism; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Antibiotic; Antimicrobial; Apoptosis; Fungicide.
FT   PEPTIDE         1..15
FT                   /note="Periplanetasin-2"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000447996"
SQ   SEQUENCE   15 AA;  1757 MW;  48C97F5636F2295E CRC64;
     YPCKLNLKLG KVPFH