ID   PER_DRONE               Reviewed;         385 AA.
AC   P91686;
DT   15-JUL-1999, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAY-1997, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 50.
DE   RecName: Full=Period circadian protein;
DE   Flags: Fragment;
GN   Name=per;
OS   Drosophila nebulosa (Fruit fly).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC   Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC   Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=7271;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=0761.0 Palmira / Colombia;
RX   PubMed=9214747; DOI=10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025814;
RA   Gleason J.M., Powell J.R.;
RT   "Interspecific and intraspecific comparisons of the period locus in the
RT   Drosophila willistoni sibling species.";
RL   Mol. Biol. Evol. 14:741-753(1997).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Essential for biological clock functions. Determines the
CC       period length of circadian and ultradian rhythms; an increase in PER
CC       dosage leads to shortened circadian rhythms and a decrease leads to
CC       lengthened circadian rhythms. Essential for the circadian rhythmicity
CC       of locomotor activity, eclosion behavior, and for the rhythmic
CC       component of the male courtship song that originates in the thoracic
CC       nervous system. The biological cycle depends on the rhythmic formation
CC       and nuclear localization of the TIM-PER complex. Light induces the
CC       degradation of TIM, which promotes elimination of PER. Nuclear activity
CC       of the heterodimer coordinatively regulates PER and TIM transcription
CC       through a negative feedback loop. Behaves as a negative element in
CC       circadian transcriptional loop. Does not appear to bind DNA, suggesting
CC       indirect transcriptional inhibition (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Forms a heterodimer with timeless (TIM); the complex then
CC       translocates into the nucleus. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear
CC       region {ECO:0000250}. Note=Nuclear at specific periods of the day.
CC       First accumulates in the perinuclear region about one hour before
CC       translocation into the nucleus. Interaction with Tim is required for
CC       nuclear localization (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- PTM: Phosphorylated with a circadian rhythmicity, probably by the
CC       double-time protein (dbt). Phosphorylation could be implicated in the
CC       stability of per monomer and in the formation of heterodimer per-tim
CC       (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
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DR   EMBL; U51090; AAB41386.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P91686; -.
DR   FlyBase; FBgn0018750; Dneb\per.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0048471; C:perinuclear region of cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0048511; P:rhythmic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Biological rhythms; Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Repeat.
FT   CHAIN           <1..>385
FT                   /note="Period circadian protein"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000162599"
FT   REGION          28..121
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          169..189
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          322..351
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        47..102
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   NON_TER         1
FT   NON_TER         385
SQ   SEQUENCE   385 AA;  39104 MW;  A6C519E2CE66D5F0 CRC64;
     SSTETPPSYN QLNYNENLLR FFNSKPVTAP VPVELDPPKV ESSYVSSARE DARSTLSPVQ
     GFEGSGGSGS SGNFTTGSNL HMSSVTNTSN AGTGTSGTGN SGDGGGGGAG DGPGSGAVPP
     VTLTESLLNK HNDEMEKFML KNDRESRGWS GEKNKKSAND TLKMVEYSGP GPGHGHGIKR
     GGSHSWEGEA NKPKQQLTLN AGGMPPLVDI HASSSSLSKC QTSVAGGGGG GGAGSASGTC
     GTGNNGAGGG GGSNAQSSTN QYTQSGLSCT QNINLWPPFS VGITTPTSVL STHMAVAQSS
     FSPQHSLFPT FYYIPASIAA SSPASGTSPN PRPHKHTHVH PSSEQPSTSQ GAAATMPLQY
     MTGVMYPHPS LFYTHPAAAA ATAMV