PER_DROOR
ID PER_DROOR Reviewed; 114 AA.
AC Q26289;
DT 15-JUL-1999, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JAN-1999, sequence version 2.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 55.
DE RecName: Full=Period circadian protein;
DE Flags: Fragment;
GN Name=per;
OS Drosophila orena (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7233;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=1487825; DOI=10.1007/bf00171819;
RA Peixoto A.A., Costa R., Wheeler D.A., Hall J.C., Kyriacou C.P.;
RT "Evolution of the threonine-glycine repeat region of the period gene in the
RT melanogaster species subgroup of Drosophila.";
RL J. Mol. Evol. 35:411-419(1992).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Essential for biological clock functions. Determines the
CC period length of circadian and ultradian rhythms; an increase in PER
CC dosage leads to shortened circadian rhythms and a decrease leads to
CC lengthened circadian rhythms. Essential for the circadian rhythmicity
CC of locomotor activity, eclosion behavior, and for the rhythmic
CC component of the male courtship song that originates in the thoracic
CC nervous system. The biological cycle depends on the rhythmic formation
CC and nuclear localization of the TIM-PER complex. Light induces the
CC degradation of TIM, which promotes elimination of PER. Nuclear activity
CC of the heterodimer coordinatively regulates PER and TIM transcription
CC through a negative feedback loop. Behaves as a negative element in
CC circadian transcriptional loop. Does not appear to bind DNA, suggesting
CC indirect transcriptional inhibition (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Forms a heterodimer with timeless (TIM); the complex then
CC translocates into the nucleus. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear
CC region {ECO:0000250}. Note=Nuclear at specific periods of the day.
CC First accumulates in the perinuclear region about one hour before
CC translocation into the nucleus. Interaction with Tim is required for
CC nuclear localization (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The run of Gly-Thr is implicated in the maintenance of
CC circadian period at different temperatures. Deletion of the repeat
CC leads to a shortening of the courtship song cycle period, and thus
CC could be important for determining features of species-specific mating
CC behavior (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated with a circadian rhythmicity, probably by the
CC double-time protein (dbt). Phosphorylation could be implicated in the
CC stability of per monomer and in the formation of heterodimer per-tim
CC (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; S53307; AAB25032.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q26289; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0012623; Dore\per.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0048471; C:perinuclear region of cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0048511; P:rhythmic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Biological rhythms; Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Repeat.
FT CHAIN <1..>114
FT /note="Period circadian protein"
FT /id="PRO_0000162600"
FT REPEAT 30..31
FT /note="1"
FT REPEAT 33..34
FT /note="2"
FT REPEAT 36..37
FT /note="3"
FT REPEAT 38..39
FT /note="4"
FT REPEAT 40..41
FT /note="5"
FT REPEAT 42..43
FT /note="6"
FT REPEAT 44..45
FT /note="7"
FT REPEAT 46..47
FT /note="8"
FT REPEAT 48..49
FT /note="9"
FT REPEAT 50..51
FT /note="10"
FT REPEAT 52..53
FT /note="11"
FT REPEAT 54..55
FT /note="12"
FT REPEAT 56..57
FT /note="13"
FT REPEAT 58..59
FT /note="14"
FT REPEAT 60..61
FT /note="15; approximate"
FT REPEAT 62..63
FT /note="16"
FT REPEAT 64..65
FT /note="17"
FT REPEAT 66..67
FT /note="18"
FT REPEAT 68..69
FT /note="19"
FT REPEAT 70..71
FT /note="20; approximate"
FT REPEAT 72..73
FT /note="21"
FT REPEAT 74..75
FT /note="22"
FT REPEAT 76..77
FT /note="23"
FT REPEAT 78..79
FT /note="24"
FT REPEAT 80..81
FT /note="25; approximate"
FT REPEAT 82..83
FT /note="26"
FT REPEAT 84..85
FT /note="27; approximate"
FT REPEAT 86..87
FT /note="28"
FT REGION 23..114
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 30..87
FT /note="28 X 2 AA approximate tandem repeats of G-[TN]"
FT COMPBIAS 23..96
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT NON_TER 1
FT NON_TER 114
SQ SEQUENCE 114 AA; 10246 MW; 3E285CFCA2E4E740 CRC64;
GGSGGSGSSG NFTTASNIHM SSVTNTSIAG TGGTGGTGTG TGTGTGTGTG TGTGTGTGTD
TGTGTGTGTE TGTGTGTGTR NGTNSGTKTG TASSYRGGGV AIQPVTLTES LLNK
