PER_DROYA
ID PER_DROYA Reviewed; 1208 AA.
AC Q24767; Q26286;
DT 15-JUL-1999, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-NOV-1996, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 108.
DE RecName: Full=Period circadian protein;
GN Name=per;
OS Drosophila yakuba (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7245;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=1702156; DOI=10.1007/bf02106054;
RA Thackeray J.R., Kyriacou C.P.;
RT "Molecular evolution in the Drosophila yakuba period locus.";
RL J. Mol. Evol. 31:389-401(1990).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 669-766.
RX PubMed=1487825; DOI=10.1007/bf00171819;
RA Peixoto A.A., Costa R., Wheeler D.A., Hall J.C., Kyriacou C.P.;
RT "Evolution of the threonine-glycine repeat region of the period gene in the
RT melanogaster species subgroup of Drosophila.";
RL J. Mol. Evol. 35:411-419(1992).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Essential for biological clock functions. Determines the
CC period length of circadian and ultradian rhythms; an increase in PER
CC dosage leads to shortened circadian rhythms and a decrease leads to
CC lengthened circadian rhythms. Essential for the circadian rhythmicity
CC of locomotor activity, eclosion behavior, and for the rhythmic
CC component of the male courtship song that originates in the thoracic
CC nervous system. The biological cycle depends on the rhythmic formation
CC and nuclear localization of the TIM-PER complex. Light induces the
CC degradation of TIM, which promotes elimination of PER. Nuclear activity
CC of the heterodimer coordinatively regulates PER and TIM transcription
CC through a negative feedback loop. Behaves as a negative element in
CC circadian transcriptional loop. Does not appear to bind DNA, suggesting
CC indirect transcriptional inhibition (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Forms a heterodimer with timeless (TIM); the complex then
CC translocates into the nucleus. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear
CC region {ECO:0000250}. Note=Nuclear at specific periods of the day.
CC First accumulates in the perinuclear region about one hour before
CC translocation into the nucleus. Interaction with Tim is required for
CC nuclear localization (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The run of Gly-Thr is implicated in the maintenance of
CC circadian period at different temperatures. Deletion of the repeat
CC leads to a shortening of the courtship song cycle period, and thus
CC could be important for determining features of species-specific mating
CC behavior (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated with a circadian rhythmicity, probably by the
CC double-time protein (dbt). Phosphorylation could be implicated in the
CC stability of per monomer and in the formation of heterodimer per-tim
CC (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
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DR EMBL; X61127; CAA43439.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; S53298; AAB25029.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; S17286; S17286.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q24767; -.
DR SMR; Q24767; -.
DR STRING; 7245.FBpp0261279; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG3753; Eukaryota.
DR GO; GO:0048471; C:perinuclear region of cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0090575; C:RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0001228; F:DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0017022; F:myosin binding; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0046982; F:protein heterodimerization activity; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0043565; F:sequence-specific DNA binding; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0007420; P:brain development; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0071456; P:cellular response to hypoxia; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0008347; P:glial cell migration; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0016348; P:imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0008286; P:insulin receptor signaling pathway; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0000122; P:negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0048477; P:oogenesis; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0045676; P:regulation of R7 cell differentiation; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0048511; P:rhythmic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR CDD; cd00130; PAS; 2.
DR InterPro; IPR000014; PAS.
DR InterPro; IPR035965; PAS-like_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR013767; PAS_fold.
DR Pfam; PF00989; PAS; 1.
DR SMART; SM00091; PAS; 2.
DR SUPFAM; SSF55785; SSF55785; 2.
DR PROSITE; PS50112; PAS; 2.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Biological rhythms; Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Repeat.
FT CHAIN 1..1208
FT /note="Period circadian protein"
FT /id="PRO_0000162615"
FT DOMAIN 242..377
FT /note="PAS 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00140"
FT DOMAIN 395..501
FT /note="PAS 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00140"
FT REPEAT 698..699
FT /note="1"
FT REPEAT 701..702
FT /note="2"
FT REPEAT 703..704
FT /note="3"
FT REPEAT 705..706
FT /note="4"
FT REPEAT 707..708
FT /note="5"
FT REPEAT 709..710
FT /note="6"
FT REPEAT 711..712
FT /note="7"
FT REPEAT 713..714
FT /note="8"
FT REPEAT 715..716
FT /note="9"
FT REPEAT 717..718
FT /note="10"
FT REPEAT 719..720
FT /note="11"
FT REPEAT 721..722
FT /note="12"
FT REPEAT 723..724
FT /note="13"
FT REPEAT 725..726
FT /note="14"
FT REPEAT 727..728
FT /note="15"
FT REPEAT 729..730
FT /note="16"
FT REPEAT 731..732
FT /note="17"
FT REPEAT 734..735
FT /note="18; approximate"
FT REPEAT 737..738
FT /note="19"
FT REPEAT 739..740
FT /note="20"
FT REPEAT 741..742
FT /note="21; approximate"
FT REGION 1..171
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 214..235
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 636..747
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 698..742
FT /note="21 X 2 AA approximate tandem repeats of G-[TN]"
FT REGION 802..822
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 961..982
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1076..1208
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOTIF 66..79
FT /note="Nuclear localization signal"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT COMPBIAS 1..63
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 84..98
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 126..163
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 670..747
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1076..1098
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1118..1168
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1170..1208
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 742
FT /note="S -> T (in Ref. 2; AAB25029)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 751
FT /note="S -> G (in Ref. 2)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 762
FT /note="A -> S (in Ref. 2)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 1208 AA; 126820 MW; EE54A35E473B8483 CRC64;
MEGGESAEST HNTKVSDSAY SNSCSNSQSQ RSGSSKSRLS GSHSSGSSGY GGKPSTQASS
SDMIIKRNKD KSRKKKKNKG AGQGAGQAGQ SLISASTSLE GGAEEKPRPS GSGCGVEQQS
CRELLQDQQH GEDHSEPKAT EQLQQEEGDR SGSESEAERV ENAAKSEAAQ SFPIPSPLSV
TIVPPSMGGC AGVGHAASLD SGLAKLDKTW EAGGPGKVEP VPGVPGTAAA GTGQRGERLK
EESFCCVISM HDGIVLYTTP SITDVLGYPR DMWLGRSFID FVHLKDRATF ASQITTGIPI
AESRGSVPKD TKSTFCVMLR RYRGLKSGGF GVIGRPVSYE PFRLGLTFRE APEEARPDNY
MVSNGTNMLL VICATPIKSS YKIPDEILSQ KSPKFAIRHT ATGIISHVDS AAVSALGYLP
QDLIGRSIMD FYHQEDLSVM KETYEMVMKK GQTAGASFCS KPYRFLIQNG CYVLLETEWT
SFVNPWSRKL EFVVGHHRVF QGPKSCNVFE AAPTCKLKMS EEAQSRNTRI KEDIVKRLAE
TVSRPSDTVK QEVSRRCQAL ASFMETLMDE VSRADLKLEL PHENELTVSE RDSVMLGEIS
PHHDYYDSKS STETPPSYNQ LNYNENLLRF FNSKPVTAPA ELDPPKTEPP EPRGTCVSGA
SGPMSPVHEG SGGSGSSGNF TTASNIHMSS VTNTSIAGTG GTGTGTGTGT GTGTGTGTGT
GTGTGTGTGT GNGTNSGTGT GSASSNYRGG SVAIQPVTLT EALLNKHNDE MEKFMLKKHR
ESRGRSGEKS KKSATDTLKM LEYSGPGHGI KRGGSHSWEG EANKPKQQLT LGTDAIKGVV
GGSGGVVGTG GGAGVAGGGG TGTGLAGTSD GRLTMSSGAG GVVGGPGGAA AAAGVISSVG
SSMPGPSSYP TCTQNINLWP PFSVGITPPV HSTHTAMAQS SFSSAGLFPT FYYIPASLTP
TSPTRSPRMH KHPHKGGPEM PTTSQQAAAA AAQAAQAMPL QYMAGVMYPH PSLFYTHPAA
AAATAMMYQP MPFTGMTNAL QIPERPLGSQ SAYNKSMYTT TPPSMAKKVP GAFHSVTTPS
QVQRSSSQSA SVNAEPGCSA SVSDPCKKEA PGSSPIPSVM GDYNSELPCS SSNPANNKKY
TDSNGNSDDM DGSSFSSFYS SFIKTTDGSE SPPDIEKDPK HRKLKSMSPS DSKIMEHPEE
DQTQHGDG
