AST4_DROME
ID AST4_DROME Reviewed; 345 AA.
AC P10084; O76890; Q4V705;
DT 01-JUL-1989, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 21-FEB-2001, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 194.
DE RecName: Full=Achaete-scute complex protein T4;
DE AltName: Full=Protein scute;
GN Name=sc; Synonyms=sis-b, T4; ORFNames=CG3827;
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Canton-S;
RX PubMed=3111716; DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(87)90495-8;
RA Villares R., Cabrera C.V.;
RT "The achaete-scute gene complex of D. melanogaster: conserved domains in a
RT subset of genes required for neurogenesis and their homology to myc.";
RL Cell 50:415-424(1987).
RN [2]
RP SEQUENCE REVISION.
RA Villares R.;
RL Submitted (SEP-1988) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [4]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Oregon-R;
RX PubMed=10731137; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2220;
RA Benos P.V., Gatt M.K., Ashburner M., Murphy L., Harris D., Barrell B.G.,
RA Ferraz C., Vidal S., Brun C., Demailles J., Cadieu E., Dreano S., Gloux S.,
RA Lelaure V., Mottier S., Galibert F., Borkova D., Minana B., Kafatos F.C.,
RA Louis C., Siden-Kiamos I., Bolshakov S., Papagiannakis G., Spanos L.,
RA Cox S., Madueno E., de Pablos B., Modolell J., Peter A., Schoettler P.,
RA Werner M., Mourkioti F., Beinert N., Dowe G., Schaefer U., Jaeckle H.,
RA Bucheton A., Callister D.M., Campbell L.A., Darlamitsou A., Henderson N.S.,
RA McMillan P.J., Salles C., Tait E.A., Valenti P., Saunders R.D.C.,
RA Glover D.M.;
RT "From sequence to chromosome: the tip of the X chromosome of D.
RT melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2220-2222(2000).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RA Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Chavez C., Frise E., George R.A., Pacleb J.W.,
RA Park S., Wan K.H., Yu C., Celniker S.E.;
RL Submitted (AUG-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=2583094; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1989.tb08459.x;
RA Torres M., Sanchez L.;
RT "The scute (T4) gene acts as a numerator element of the X: a signal that
RT determines the state of activity of sex-lethal in Drosophila.";
RL EMBO J. 8:3079-3086(1989).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=Oregon-R;
RX PubMed=8370520; DOI=10.1101/gad.7.9.1688;
RA Erickson J.W., Cline T.W.;
RT "A bZIP protein, sisterless-a, collaborates with bHLH transcription factors
RT early in Drosophila development to determine sex.";
RL Genes Dev. 7:1688-1702(1993).
RN [9]
RP INTERACTION WITH DA.
RX PubMed=7651341; DOI=10.1007/bf02190799;
RA Liu Y., Belote J.M.;
RT "Protein-protein interactions among components of the Drosophila primary
RT sex determination signal.";
RL Mol. Gen. Genet. 248:182-189(1995).
RN [10]
RP INTERACTION WITH BAP60.
RX PubMed=16083904; DOI=10.1016/j.jmb.2005.07.009;
RA Moller A., Avila F.W., Erickson J.W., Jackle H.;
RT "Drosophila BAP60 is an essential component of the Brahma complex, required
RT for gene activation and repression.";
RL J. Mol. Biol. 352:329-337(2005).
CC -!- FUNCTION: AS-C proteins are involved in the determination of the
CC neuronal precursors in the peripheral nervous system and the central
CC nervous system. Also involved in sex determination and dosage
CC compensation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2583094, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8370520}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH
CC protein. Interacts with da (via bHLH motif). Interacts with Bap60.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16083904, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7651341}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC P10084; Q86PA6: da; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-174136, EBI-367267;
CC P10084; P18491: emc; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-174136, EBI-105737;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: L(1)SC, SC and AC strongly label the presumptive
CC stomatogastric nervous system, while ASE is more prominent in the
CC presumptive procephalic lobe. Associates with the somatic nuclei
CC through nuclear cycles 9 and 10. During nuclear cycle 11 distributes
CC uniformly in the embryo. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8370520}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed zygotically in embryos from 0 to 12
CC hours after fertilization, with a peak of expression during the 2 to 4
CC hour period. Expression reappears in third instar larvae and pupae.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8370520}.
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DR EMBL; M17119; AAA28313.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AE014298; AAF45499.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL024453; CAA19657.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT022151; AAY51546.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; B43731; B43731.
DR RefSeq; NP_476803.1; NM_057455.3.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P10084; -.
DR SMR; P10084; -.
DR BioGRID; 57555; 46.
DR DIP; DIP-325N; -.
DR IntAct; P10084; 8.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0070072; -.
DR PaxDb; P10084; -.
DR DNASU; 30982; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0070073; FBpp0070072; FBgn0004170.
DR GeneID; 30982; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG3827; -.
DR CTD; 20237; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0004170; sc.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0004170; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG4029; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000170891; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_853281_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P10084; -.
DR OMA; QRQQFPH; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1131543at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; P10084; -.
DR SignaLink; P10084; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 30982; 0 hits in 3 CRISPR screens.
DR GenomeRNAi; 30982; -.
DR PRO; PR:P10084; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome X.
DR Bgee; FBgn0004170; Expressed in imaginal disc and 25 other tissues.
DR Genevisible; P10084; DM.
DR GO; GO:0090575; C:RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005667; C:transcription regulator complex; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0001228; F:DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; ISS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046982; F:protein heterodimerization activity; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0000977; F:RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0043565; F:sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0008134; F:transcription factor binding; IGI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007417; P:central nervous system development; TAS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0022416; P:chaeta development; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0008407; P:chaeta morphogenesis; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0035883; P:enteroendocrine cell differentiation; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0061382; P:Malpighian tubule tip cell differentiation; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0043066; P:negative regulation of apoptotic process; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007399; P:nervous system development; IGI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007400; P:neuroblast fate determination; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0030182; P:neuron differentiation; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0007422; P:peripheral nervous system development; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007346; P:regulation of mitotic cell cycle; TAS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0050767; P:regulation of neurogenesis; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0006355; P:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; ISS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007423; P:sensory organ development; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007530; P:sex determination; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007540; P:sex determination, establishment of X:A ratio; NAS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007419; P:ventral cord development; NAS:FlyBase.
DR Gene3D; 4.10.280.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR011598; bHLH_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR036638; HLH_DNA-bd_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR015660; MASH1/Ascl1a-like.
DR PANTHER; PTHR13935; PTHR13935; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00010; HLH; 1.
DR SMART; SM00353; HLH; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47459; SSF47459; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50888; BHLH; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Developmental protein; Differentiation; Neurogenesis; Reference proteome.
FT CHAIN 1..345
FT /note="Achaete-scute complex protein T4"
FT /id="PRO_0000127136"
FT DOMAIN 99..162
FT /note="bHLH"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00981"
FT REGION 78..109
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 78..101
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 161
FT /note="R -> S (in Ref. 1; AAA28313)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 213
FT /note="T -> R (in Ref. 1; AAA28313)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 219
FT /note="L -> V (in Ref. 1; AAA28313)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 345 AA; 38155 MW; DE68E49A8CCF16EB CRC64;
MKNNNNTTKS TTMSSSVLST NETFPTTINS ATKIFRYQHI MPAPSPLIPG GNQNQPAGTM
PIKTRKYTPR GMALTRCSES VSSLSPGSSP APYNVDQSQS VQRRNARERN RVKQVNNSFA
RLRQHIPQSI ITDLTKGGGR GPHKKISKVD TLRIAVEYIR RLQDLVDDLN GGSNIGANNA
VTQLQLCLDE SSSHSSSSST CSSSGHNTYY QNTISVSPLQ QQQQLQRQQF NHQPLTALSL
NTNLVGTSVP GGDAGCVSTS KNQQTCHSPT SSFNSSMSFD SGTYEGVPQQ ISTHLDRLDH
LDNELHTHSQ LQLKFEPYEH FQLDEEDCTP DDEEILDYIS LWQEQ
