PIG13_CLAP2
ID PIG13_CLAP2 Reviewed; 174 AA.
AC M1VWN5;
DT 25-APR-2018, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAY-2013, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 22.
DE RecName: Full=Anthrone oxygenase CPUR_05435 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28955461};
DE EC=1.10.3.- {ECO:0000305|PubMed:28955461};
DE AltName: Full=Ergochrome gene cluster protein CPUR_05435 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28955461};
GN ORFNames=CPUR_05435;
OS Claviceps purpurea (strain 20.1) (Ergot fungus) (Sphacelia segetum).
OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Pezizomycotina; Sordariomycetes;
OC Hypocreomycetidae; Hypocreales; Clavicipitaceae; Claviceps.
OX NCBI_TaxID=1111077;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=20.1;
RX PubMed=23468653; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003323;
RA Schardl C.L., Young C.A., Hesse U., Amyotte S.G., Andreeva K., Calie P.J.,
RA Fleetwood D.J., Haws D.C., Moore N., Oeser B., Panaccione D.G.,
RA Schweri K.K., Voisey C.R., Farman M.L., Jaromczyk J.W., Roe B.A.,
RA O'Sullivan D.M., Scott B., Tudzynski P., An Z., Arnaoudova E.G.,
RA Bullock C.T., Charlton N.D., Chen L., Cox M., Dinkins R.D., Florea S.,
RA Glenn A.E., Gordon A., Gueldener U., Harris D.R., Hollin W., Jaromczyk J.,
RA Johnson R.D., Khan A.K., Leistner E., Leuchtmann A., Li C., Liu J., Liu J.,
RA Liu M., Mace W., Machado C., Nagabhyru P., Pan J., Schmid J., Sugawara K.,
RA Steiner U., Takach J.E., Tanaka E., Webb J.S., Wilson E.V., Wiseman J.L.,
RA Yoshida R., Zeng Z.;
RT "Plant-symbiotic fungi as chemical engineers: Multi-genome analysis of the
RT Clavicipitaceae reveals dynamics of alkaloid loci.";
RL PLoS Genet. 9:E1003323-E1003323(2013).
RN [2]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=28955461; DOI=10.1186/s40694-016-0020-z;
RA Neubauer L., Dopstadt J., Humpf H.U., Tudzynski P.;
RT "Identification and characterization of the ergochrome gene cluster in the
RT plant pathogenic fungus Claviceps purpurea.";
RL Fungal Biol. Biotechnol. 3:2-2(2016).
RN [3]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=32105084; DOI=10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00285;
RA Wei X., Matsuda Y.;
RT "Unraveling the fungal strategy for tetrahydroxanthone biosynthesis and
RT diversification.";
RL Org. Lett. 22:1919-1923(2020).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Anthrone oxygenase; part of the ergochrome gene cluster
CC responsible for the typical purple-black color of the ergot sclerotia
CC (PubMed:28955461). The ergochrome gene cluster produces several ergot
CC pigments including the yellow ergochrome secalonic acid and its
CC derivatives, as well as the red anthraquinones endocrocin and
CC clavorubin (PubMed:28955461). The pathway begins with the synthesis of
CC atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) CPUR_05437 (By
CC similarity). The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase CPUR_05436 then
CC breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid
CC from CPUR_05437 (By similarity). The decarboxylase CPUR_05434 then
CC catalyzes the concerted decarboxylation-elimination required to convert
CC atochrysone carboxylic acid into emodin anthrone, which is further
CC oxidized to emodin by the anthrone oxygenase CPUR_05435 (By
CC similarity). Emodin is further modified to yield monodictyphenone via
CC several steps involving CPUR_05427, CPUR_05428, CPUR_05429 and
CC CPUR_05430 (By similarity). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase
CC CPUR_05418 then catalyzes the C-5 ketoreduction to give the xanthone
CC skeleton of the monomeric units (PubMed:32105084). Ergochromes
CC formation requires further dimerization steps of different xanthone
CC units, probably catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase
CC CPUR_05419 (PubMed:28955461). CPUR_05425, CPUR_05426 and CPUR_05431 are
CC unique to Claviceps, thus it is likely that they are involved in
CC further modification of xanthone units or in their dimerization
CC (PubMed:28955461). The yellow ergochromes and the red anthraquinone
CC pigments endocrocin and clavorubin are products from the same PKS
CC derived precursors and the latter are likely shunt products in the
CC pathway of xanthone biosynthesis (PubMed:28955461). It is proposed that
CC atrochrysone carboxylic acid released from the PKS CPUR_05437 can also
CC be converted to endocrocin anthrone which is further oxidized into
CC endocrocin by CPUR_05435 (By similarity). Endocrocin could be then
CC modified to clavorubin, possibly by CPUR_05423 and CPUR_05431
CC (PubMed:28955461). Clavorubin is the principal anthraquinone metabolite
CC produced by the cluster with a much higher yield compared to endocrocin
CC (PubMed:28955461). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A4DA85,
CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q5BH30, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28955461,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:32105084}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=emodin anthrone + O2 = emodin + H(+) + H2O;
CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:64268, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:77659, ChEBI:CHEBI:150013;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:28955461};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:64269;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:28955461};
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane {ECO:0000255}; Multi-pass membrane
CC protein {ECO:0000255}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Expression correlates with the formation of the sclerotia
CC and thus the pigment production and is directly regulated by the
CC cluster-specific activator CPUR_05433 (PubMed:28955461).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28955461}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the anthrone oxygenase family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; CAGA01000032; CCE31582.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; M1VWN5; -.
DR EnsemblFungi; CCE31582; CCE31582; CPUR_05435.
DR VEuPathDB; FungiDB:CPUR_05435; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502R15X; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_105974_0_0_1; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1517224at2759; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000016801; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0004497; F:monooxygenase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Membrane; Monooxygenase; Oxidoreductase; Reference proteome; Transmembrane;
KW Transmembrane helix.
FT CHAIN 1..174
FT /note="Anthrone oxygenase CPUR_05435"
FT /id="PRO_0000443984"
FT TRANSMEM 13..33
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 56..76
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 88..108
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 140..160
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
SQ SEQUENCE 174 AA; 18156 MW; 42CB033AE736E621 CRC64;
MLRGFAPTGV HVVALASGVF LSGAMFSVSA IMIPTLLDTN KEPAGLTTQW ARLYHYGSVL
MPSMSVAIAA VYGFASTQYR QSPQGMRCLA AGALTLAIAP YTWLAMIPTN NALFAMAASA
PGFAGMQDAN EKARDLVMKW VVLHSIRSIL PLAGAIMGFT GISSGQEGVV GSAN
