ID   PIG4_CLAP2              Reviewed;         119 AA.
AC   M1WCF2;
DT   25-APR-2018, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAY-2013, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 20.
DE   RecName: Full=Ergochrome gene cluster protein CPUR_05426 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28955461};
GN   ORFNames=CPUR_05426;
OS   Claviceps purpurea (strain 20.1) (Ergot fungus) (Sphacelia segetum).
OC   Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Pezizomycotina; Sordariomycetes;
OC   Hypocreomycetidae; Hypocreales; Clavicipitaceae; Claviceps.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=1111077;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=20.1;
RX   PubMed=23468653; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003323;
RA   Schardl C.L., Young C.A., Hesse U., Amyotte S.G., Andreeva K., Calie P.J.,
RA   Fleetwood D.J., Haws D.C., Moore N., Oeser B., Panaccione D.G.,
RA   Schweri K.K., Voisey C.R., Farman M.L., Jaromczyk J.W., Roe B.A.,
RA   O'Sullivan D.M., Scott B., Tudzynski P., An Z., Arnaoudova E.G.,
RA   Bullock C.T., Charlton N.D., Chen L., Cox M., Dinkins R.D., Florea S.,
RA   Glenn A.E., Gordon A., Gueldener U., Harris D.R., Hollin W., Jaromczyk J.,
RA   Johnson R.D., Khan A.K., Leistner E., Leuchtmann A., Li C., Liu J., Liu J.,
RA   Liu M., Mace W., Machado C., Nagabhyru P., Pan J., Schmid J., Sugawara K.,
RA   Steiner U., Takach J.E., Tanaka E., Webb J.S., Wilson E.V., Wiseman J.L.,
RA   Yoshida R., Zeng Z.;
RT   "Plant-symbiotic fungi as chemical engineers: Multi-genome analysis of the
RT   Clavicipitaceae reveals dynamics of alkaloid loci.";
RL   PLoS Genet. 9:E1003323-E1003323(2013).
RN   [2]
RP   FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX   PubMed=28955461; DOI=10.1186/s40694-016-0020-z;
RA   Neubauer L., Dopstadt J., Humpf H.U., Tudzynski P.;
RT   "Identification and characterization of the ergochrome gene cluster in the
RT   plant pathogenic fungus Claviceps purpurea.";
RL   Fungal Biol. Biotechnol. 3:2-2(2016).
RN   [3]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=32105084; DOI=10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00285;
RA   Wei X., Matsuda Y.;
RT   "Unraveling the fungal strategy for tetrahydroxanthone biosynthesis and
RT   diversification.";
RL   Org. Lett. 22:1919-1923(2020).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Part of the ergochrome gene cluster responsible for the
CC       typical purple-black color of the ergot sclerotia (PubMed:28955461).
CC       The ergochrome gene cluster produces several ergot pigments including
CC       the yellow ergochrome secalonic acid and its derivatives, as well as
CC       the red anthraquinones endocrocin and clavorubin (PubMed:28955461). The
CC       pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the
CC       polyketide synthase (PKS) CPUR_05437 (By similarity). The atrochrysone
CC       carboxyl ACP thioesterase CPUR_05436 then breaks the thioester bond and
CC       releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from CPUR_05437 (By
CC       similarity). The atrochrysone carboxylic acid is then converted to
CC       atrochrysone which is further transformed into emodin anthrone (By
CC       similarity). The next step is performed by the anthrone oxygenase
CC       CPUR_05434 that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (By
CC       similarity). Emodin is further modified to yield monodictyphenone via
CC       several steps involving CPUR_05427, CPUR_05428, CPUR_05429 and
CC       CPUR_05430 (By similarity). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase
CC       CPUR_05418 then catalyzes the C-5 ketoreduction to give the xanthone
CC       skeleton of the monomeric units (PubMed:32105084). Ergochromes
CC       formation requires further dimerization steps of different xanthone
CC       units, probably catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase
CC       CPUR_05419 (PubMed:28955461). CPUR_05425, CPUR_05426 and CPUR_05431 are
CC       unique to Claviceps, thus it is likely that they are involved in
CC       further modification of xanthone units or in their dimerization
CC       (PubMed:28955461). The yellow ergochromes and the red anthraquinone
CC       pigments endocrocin and clavorubin are products from the same PKS
CC       derived precursors and the latter are likely shunt products in the
CC       pathway of xanthone biosynthesis (PubMed:28955461). It is proposed that
CC       atrochrysone carboxylic acid released from the PKS CPUR_05437 can also
CC       be converted to endocrocin anthrone which is further oxidized into
CC       endocrocin by CPUR_05435 (By similarity). Endocrocin could be then
CC       modified to clavorubin, possibly by CPUR_05423 and CPUR_05431
CC       (PubMed:28955461). Clavorubin is the principal anthraquinone metabolite
CC       produced by the cluster with a much higher yield compared to endocrocin
CC       (PubMed:28955461). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4W944,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q5BH30, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28955461,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:32105084}.
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Pigment biosynthesis. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:28955461}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Expression correlates with the formation of the sclerotia
CC       and thus the pigment production and is directly regulated by the
CC       cluster-specific activator CPUR_05433 (PubMed:28955461).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28955461}.
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DR   EMBL; CAGA01000032; CCE31573.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; M1WCF2; -.
DR   SMR; M1WCF2; -.
DR   EnsemblFungi; CCE31573; CCE31573; CPUR_05426.
DR   VEuPathDB; FungiDB:CPUR_05426; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_108113_0_0_1; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1409451at2759; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000016801; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR   InterPro; IPR032710; NTF2-like_dom_sf.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF54427; SSF54427; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Reference proteome.
FT   CHAIN           1..119
FT                   /note="Ergochrome gene cluster protein CPUR_05426"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000443975"
SQ   SEQUENCE   119 AA;  13726 MW;  CFE8F959A9D73749 CRC64;
     MPAPVEIQQA TLSKFIDAWK RWNADDFIGL WSDSFTFQVL PFSDGKPTRP RDMIAPMYRN
     FIETLTNYKA IFIAFSESGD KIERLEEVND NAFRKEWDPK CHAYWGYGQP PKAKAVAGS