PLS_ARATH
ID PLS_ARATH Reviewed; 36 AA.
AC Q8LLV8;
DT 11-JUN-2014, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-OCT-2002, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 78.
DE RecName: Full=Peptide POLARIS;
DE AltName: Full=Protein expressed in embryo 101;
DE Short=AtEM101;
GN Name=PLS; Synonyms=EM101; OrderedLocusNames=At4g39403; ORFNames=F23K16;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION BY ETHYLENE AND AUXIN.
RC STRAIN=cv. C24, and cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=12172017; DOI=10.1105/tpc.002618;
RA Casson S.A., Chilley P.M., Topping J.F., Evans I.M., Souter M.A.,
RA Lindsey K.;
RT "The POLARIS gene of Arabidopsis encodes a predicted peptide required for
RT correct root growth and leaf vascular patterning.";
RL Plant Cell 14:1705-1721(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T.,
RA Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B.,
RA Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M.,
RA de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M.,
RA Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D.,
RA Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J.,
RA Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B.,
RA Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J.,
RA Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R.,
RA Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P.,
RA Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S.,
RA Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C.,
RA Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J.,
RA Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S.,
RA Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A.,
RA Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M.,
RA Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M.,
RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D.,
RA Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S.,
RA Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R.,
RA Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M.,
RA Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E.,
RA Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P.,
RA Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K.,
RA Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K.,
RA de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K.,
RA Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M.,
RA Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G.,
RA Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K.,
RA Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H.,
RA Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B.,
RA Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J.,
RA Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K.,
RA O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N.,
RA Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A.,
RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [4]
RP IDENTIFICATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX PubMed=8054995; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.1994.5060895.x;
RA Topping J.F., Agyeman F., Henricot B., Lindsey K.;
RT "Identification of molecular markers of embryogenesis in Arabidopsis
RT thaliana by promoter trapping.";
RL Plant J. 5:895-903(1994).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION BY AUXIN AND CYTOKININ.
RC STRAIN=cv. C24;
RX PubMed=9368412; DOI=10.2307/3870519;
RA Topping J.F., Lindsey K.;
RT "Promoter trap markers differentiate structural and positional components
RT of polar development in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Cell 9:1713-1725(1997).
RN [6]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=10645417;
RA Lindsey K., Topping J.F., Muskett P.R., Wei W., Horne K.L.;
RT "Dissecting embryonic and seedling morphogenesis in Arabidopsis by promoter
RT trap insertional mutagenesis.";
RL Symp. Soc. Exp. Biol. 51:1-10(1998).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND INDUCTION BY ETHYLENE AND AUXIN.
RC STRAIN=cv. C24;
RX PubMed=17138700; DOI=10.1105/tpc.106.040790;
RA Chilley P.M., Casson S.A., Tarkowski P., Hawkins N., Wang K.L.,
RA Hussey P.J., Beale M., Ecker J.R., Sandberg G.K., Lindsey K.;
RT "The POLARIS peptide of Arabidopsis regulates auxin transport and root
RT growth via effects on ethylene signaling.";
RL Plant Cell 18:3058-3072(2006).
RN [8]
RP REVIEW ON ROOT DEVELOPMENT.
RX PubMed=23577016; DOI=10.3389/fpls.2013.00075;
RA Liu J., Mehdi S., Topping J., Friml J., Lindsey K.;
RT "Interaction of PLS and PIN and hormonal crosstalk in Arabidopsis root
RT development.";
RL Front. Plant Sci. 4:1-8(2013).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Required for correct root growth and vascular development,
CC probably by modulating both cell division rate in meristems and cell
CC elongation in roots. Negative regulator of the ethylene signaling
CC pathway that modulates microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics and auxin
CC transport and homeostasis, and possibly cytokinin signaling, thus
CC influencing root growth and lateral root development.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12172017, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17138700,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9368412}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Mostly expressed in the embryonic root from the
CC heart stage and in the seedling primary and lateral root tips,
CC especially in the columella initials and lateral root cap. Also
CC detectable in aerial parts of the seedling, sepals and leaves,
CC principally in vascular tissues of the lamina and petiole.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10645417, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12172017,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8054995, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9368412}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: First observed in embryos from the heart stage and
CC throughout embryo development, restricted to the basal part,
CC constituting the developing radicle. During the curled cotyledonary
CC stage, strongly expressed in the radicle and detectable in the
CC cotyledons. On germination, mostly present in root tips, but also at
CC low levels in the cotyledons and hypocotyl. In flowering plants,
CC restricted to the root tip and to the silique wall.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8054995}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Repressed by ethylene (ACC) and cytokinin, but induced by
CC auxin (1-NAA and 2,4-D). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12172017,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17138700, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9368412}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Defective in root growth and leaf
CC vascularization, characterized by more anchor roots at the root-
CC hypocotyl junction. Cells of the root meristem and the cortex of the
CC primary root are short and more radially expanded. Reduced meristem
CC cell divisions in meristems and reduced axial cell elongation in roots.
CC Enhanced ethylene-response, hyperresponsiveness to cytokinin, defective
CC auxin transport and homeostasis, and altered microtubule sensitivity to
CC inhibitors. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12172017, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17138700}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the POLARIS peptide family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AF285768; AAM47153.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AL078620; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE87070.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001031813.1; NM_001036736.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q8LLV8; -.
DR STRING; 3702.AT4G39403.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q8LLV8; -.
DR PRIDE; Q8LLV8; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G39403.1; AT4G39403.1; AT4G39403.
DR GeneID; 3770598; -.
DR Gramene; AT4G39403.1; AT4G39403.1; AT4G39403.
DR KEGG; ath:AT4G39403; -.
DR Araport; AT4G39403; -.
DR TAIR; locus:1009023321; AT4G39403.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_3360380_0_0_1; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1885464at2759; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q8LLV8; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q8LLV8; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0009955; P:adaxial/abaxial pattern specification; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010252; P:auxin homeostasis; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009926; P:auxin polar transport; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009734; P:auxin-activated signaling pathway; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0071365; P:cellular response to auxin stimulus; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0071368; P:cellular response to cytokinin stimulus; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0071369; P:cellular response to ethylene stimulus; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009736; P:cytokinin-activated signaling pathway; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0009873; P:ethylene-activated signaling pathway; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010105; P:negative regulation of ethylene-activated signaling pathway; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0070507; P:regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009733; P:response to auxin; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009735; P:response to cytokinin; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0048364; P:root development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010051; P:xylem and phloem pattern formation; IMP:TAIR.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Auxin signaling pathway; Cytokinin signaling pathway;
KW Developmental protein; Ethylene signaling pathway; Reference proteome.
FT CHAIN 1..36
FT /note="Peptide POLARIS"
FT /id="PRO_0000429317"
SQ SEQUENCE 36 AA; 4390 MW; 491B5C775C5A003D CRC64;
MKPRLCFNFR RRSISPCYIS ISYLLVAKLF KLFKIH
