ID   PMTXB_BATMC             Reviewed;          13 AA.
AC   P69392;
DT   01-MAR-2005, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAR-2005, sequence version 1.
DT   23-FEB-2022, entry version 40.
DE   RecName: Full=Beta-pompilidotoxin {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9784394};
DE            Short=Beta-PMTX {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9784394};
OS   Batozonellus maculifrons (Solitary wasp).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC   Neoptera; Endopterygota; Hymenoptera; Apocrita; Aculeata; Pompiloidea;
OC   Pompilidae; Pompilinae; Batozonellus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=308766;
RN   [1]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE, MASS SPECTROMETRY, SYNTHESIS, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND
RP   AMIDATION AT LEU-13.
RC   TISSUE=Venom;
RX   PubMed=9784394; DOI=10.1006/bbrc.1998.9299;
RA   Konno K., Hisada M., Itagaki Y., Naoki H., Kawai N., Miwa A., Yasuhara T.,
RA   Takayama H.;
RT   "Isolation and structure of pompilidotoxins, novel peptide neurotoxins in
RT   solitary wasp venoms.";
RL   Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 250:612-616(1998).
RN   [2]
RP   FUNCTION.
RC   TISSUE=Venom;
RX   PubMed=11755223; DOI=10.1016/s0168-0102(01)00294-2;
RA   Yokota H., Tsubokawa H., Miyawaki T., Konno K., Nakayama H., Masuzawa T.,
RA   Kawai N.;
RT   "Modulation of synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 neurons by a novel
RT   neurotoxin (beta-pompilidotoxin) derived from wasp venom.";
RL   Neurosci. Res. 41:365-371(2001).
RN   [3]
RP   FUNCTION.
RC   TISSUE=Venom;
RX   PubMed=12123851; DOI=10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00432-9;
RA   Miyawaki T., Tsubokawa H., Yokota H., Oguro K., Konno K., Masuzawa T.,
RA   Kawai N.;
RT   "Differential effects of novel wasp toxin on rat hippocampal
RT   interneurons.";
RL   Neurosci. Lett. 328:25-28(2002).
RN   [4]
RP   FUNCTION.
RC   TISSUE=Venom;
RX   PubMed=14715935; DOI=10.1523/jneurosci.3807-03.2004;
RA   Grieco T.M., Raman I.M.;
RT   "Production of resurgent current in Nav1.6-null Purkinje neurons by slowing
RT   sodium channel inactivation with beta-pompilidotoxin.";
RL   J. Neurosci. 24:35-42(2004).
RN   [5]
RP   FUNCTION, SYNTHESIS, AND MUTAGENESIS OF ARG-1 AND LYS-3.
RX   PubMed=20059541; DOI=10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07533.x;
RA   Schiavon E., Stevens M., Zaharenko A.J., Konno K., Tytgat J., Wanke E.;
RT   "Voltage-gated sodium channel isoform-specific effects of
RT   pompilidotoxins.";
RL   FEBS J. 277:918-930(2010).
RN   [6]
RP   REVIEW.
RX   PubMed=27096870; DOI=10.3390/toxins8040114;
RA   Konno K., Kazuma K., Nihei K.;
RT   "Peptide toxins in solitary wasp venoms.";
RL   Toxins 8:114-114(2016).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Inhibits sodium channel (Nav) inactivation. Shows two types
CC       of inhibitory activities on channels. Inhibition of insect DmNav1/para
CC       and hNav1.6/SCN8A shows a large increase in the steady-state current
CC       component without any increase in the slow component, whereas
CC       inhibition of hNav1.1/SCN1A, hNav1.2/SCN2A, hNav1.3/SCN3A and
CC       hNav1.7/SCN9A shows a large increase in the slow component with only a
CC       small steady-state component (PubMed:20059541). Is 5-fold more potent
CC       than alpha-PMTX for inducing repetitive action potentials in lobster
CC       neuromuscular junctions. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11755223,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:12123851, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14715935,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:20059541}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9784394}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed by the venom gland. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: Mass=1530; Method=MALDI;
CC       Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9784394};
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Does not inactivate (neither slow nor steady-state
CC       components) hNav1.4/SCN4A and hNav1.5/SCN5A sodium channels, although
CC       some very small inhibitory effects are seen for the hNav1.5/SCN5A
CC       isoform. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20059541}.
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DR   GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0017080; F:sodium channel regulator activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0090729; F:toxin activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Amidation; Direct protein sequencing; Ion channel impairing toxin;
KW   Neurotoxin; Presynaptic neurotoxin; Secreted; Toxin;
KW   Voltage-gated sodium channel impairing toxin.
FT   PEPTIDE         1..13
FT                   /note="Beta-pompilidotoxin"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000044537"
FT   MOD_RES         13
FT                   /note="Leucine amide"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P69391,
FT                   ECO:0000305|PubMed:27096870, ECO:0000305|PubMed:9784394"
FT   MUTAGEN         1
FT                   /note="R->K: Similar order of inhibition potency on
FT                   different Nav isoforms; alone or when associated with R-3."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20059541"
FT   MUTAGEN         3
FT                   /note="K->R: Similar order of inhibition potency on
FT                   different Nav isoforms; alone or when associated with K-1."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20059541"
SQ   SEQUENCE   13 AA;  1559 MW;  5CF5604A5C40A9C7 CRC64;
     RIKIGLFDQL SRL