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POLN_ONNVI
ID   POLN_ONNVI              Reviewed;        2513 AA.
AC   O90370;
DT   04-APR-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-NOV-1998, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 131.
DE   RecName: Full=Polyprotein P1234;
DE            Short=P1234;
DE   AltName: Full=Non-structural polyprotein;
DE   Contains:
DE     RecName: Full=Polyprotein P123;
DE              Short=P123;
DE   Contains:
DE     RecName: Full=mRNA-capping enzyme nsP1;
DE              EC=2.1.1.- {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
DE              EC=2.7.7.- {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
DE     AltName: Full=Non-structural protein 1;
DE   Contains:
DE     RecName: Full=Protease nsP2;
DE              EC=3.1.3.33 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
DE              EC=3.4.22.- {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
DE              EC=3.6.1.15 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
DE              EC=3.6.4.13 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
DE     AltName: Full=Non-structural protein 2;
DE              Short=nsP2;
DE   Contains:
DE     RecName: Full=Non-structural protein 3;
DE              Short=nsP3;
DE              EC=3.1.3.84 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
DE   Contains:
DE     RecName: Full=RNA-directed RNA polymerase nsP4;
DE              EC=2.7.7.19 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317};
DE              EC=2.7.7.48 {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00539};
DE     AltName: Full=Non-structural protein 4;
DE              Short=nsP4;
OS   O'nyong-nyong virus (strain Igbo Ora) (ONNV) (Igbo Ora virus).
OC   Viruses; Riboviria; Orthornavirae; Kitrinoviricota; Alsuviricetes;
OC   Martellivirales; Togaviridae; Alphavirus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=79899;
OH   NCBI_TaxID=44482; Anopheles.
OH   NCBI_TaxID=9606; Homo sapiens (Human).
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA], AND ABSENCE OF READTHROUGH.
RX   PubMed=9875334; DOI=10.1006/viro.1998.9437;
RA   Lanciotti R.S., Ludwig M.L., Rwaguma E.B., Lutwama J.J., Kram T.M.,
RA   Karabatsos N., Cropp B.C., Miller B.R.;
RT   "Emergence of epidemic O'nyong-nyong fever in Uganda after a 35-year
RT   absence: genetic characterization of the virus.";
RL   Virology 252:258-268(1998).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: [Polyprotein P1234]: Inactive precursor of the viral
CC       replicase, which is activated by cleavages carried out by the viral
CC       protease nsP2. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: [Polyprotein P123]: The early replication complex formed by
CC       the polyprotein P123 and nsP4 synthesizes minus-strand RNAs (By
CC       similarity). As soon P123 is cleaved into mature proteins, the plus-
CC       strand RNAs synthesis begins (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: [mRNA-capping enzyme nsP1]: Cytoplasmic capping enzyme that
CC       catalyzes two virus-specific reactions: methyltransferase and nsP1
CC       guanylyltransferase (By similarity). mRNA-capping is necessary since
CC       all viral RNAs are synthesized in the cytoplasm, and host capping
CC       enzymes are restricted to the nucleus (Probable). The enzymatic
CC       reaction involves a covalent link between 7-methyl-GMP and nsP1,
CC       whereas eukaryotic capping enzymes form a covalent complex only with
CC       GMP (Probable). nsP1 capping consists in the following reactions: GTP
CC       is first methylated into 7-methyl-GMP and then is covalently linked to
CC       nsP1 to form the m7GMp-nsP1 complex from which 7-methyl-GMP complex is
CC       transferred to the mRNA to create the cap structure (By similarity).
CC       NsP1 is also needed for the initiation of the minus-strand RNAs
CC       synthesis (By similarity). Probably serves as a membrane anchor for the
CC       replication complex composed of nsP1-nsP4 (By similarity).
CC       Palmitoylated nsP1 is remodeling host cell cytoskeleton, and induces
CC       filopodium-like structure formation at the surface of the host cell (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6, ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: [Protease nsP2]: Multifunctional protein whose N-terminus is
CC       part of the RNA polymerase complex and displays NTPase, RNA
CC       triphosphatase and helicase activities (By similarity). NTPase and RNA
CC       triphosphatase are involved in viral RNA capping and helicase keeps a
CC       check on the dsRNA replication intermediates (By similarity). The C-
CC       terminus harbors a protease that specifically cleaves the polyproteins
CC       and releases the mature proteins (By similarity). Required for the
CC       shutoff of minus-strand RNAs synthesis (By similarity). Specifically
CC       inhibits the host IFN response by promoting the nuclear export of host
CC       STAT1 (By similarity). Also inhibits host transcription by inducing the
CC       rapid proteasome-dependent degradation of POLR2A, a catalytic subunit
CC       of the RNAPII complex (By similarity). The resulting inhibition of
CC       cellular protein synthesis serves to ensure maximal viral gene
CC       expression and to evade host immune response (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: [Non-structural protein 3]: Seems to be essential for minus-
CC       strand RNAs and subgenomic 26S mRNAs synthesis (By similarity).
CC       Displays mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolase activity (By similarity). ADP-
CC       ribosylation is a post-translational modification that controls various
CC       processes of the host cell and the virus probably needs to revert it
CC       for optimal viral replication (By similarity). Binds proteins of G3BP
CC       family and sequesters them into the viral RNA replication complexes
CC       thereby inhibiting the formation of host stress granules on viral mRNAs
CC       (By similarity). The nsp3-G3BP complexes bind viral RNAs and probably
CC       orchestrate the assembly of viral replication complexes, thanks to the
CC       ability of G3BP family members to self-assemble and bind DNA (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: [RNA-directed RNA polymerase nsP4]: RNA dependent RNA
CC       polymerase (By similarity). Replicates genomic and antigenomic RNA by
CC       recognizing replications specific signals. The early replication
CC       complex formed by the polyprotein P123 and nsP4 synthesizes minus-
CC       strand RNAs (By similarity). The late replication complex composed of
CC       fully processed nsP1-nsP4 is responsible for the production of genomic
CC       and subgenomic plus-strand RNAs (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=GTP + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = N(7)-methyl-GTP + S-adenosyl-
CC         L-homocysteine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46948, ChEBI:CHEBI:37565,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57856, ChEBI:CHEBI:59789, ChEBI:CHEBI:87133;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=[nsP1 protein]-L-histidine + N(7)-methyl-GTP = [nsP1 protein]-
CC         N(tele)-(N(7)-methylguanosine 5'-phospho)-L-histidine + diphosphate;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:54792, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13994, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13995,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:29979, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:87133,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:138334; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:54793;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=[nsP1 protein]-N(tele)-(N(7)-methylguanosine 5'-phospho)-L-
CC         histidine + a 5'-end diphospho-(purine-ribonucleoside) in mRNA + H(+)
CC         = [nsP1 protein]-L-histidine + a 5'-end (N(7)-methyl 5'-
CC         triphosphoguanosine)-(purine-ribonucleoside) in mRNA;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:54800, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:12925, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13929,
CC         Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13994, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13995, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:29979, ChEBI:CHEBI:133968, ChEBI:CHEBI:138276,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:138334; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a 5'-end triphospho-(purine-ribonucleoside) in mRNA + H2O = a
CC         5'-end diphospho-(purine-ribonucleoside) in mRNA + H(+) + phosphate;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11008, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13929, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13942,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:43474,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:138276, ChEBI:CHEBI:138288; EC=3.1.3.33;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate + H2O = a ribonucleoside 5'-
CC         diphosphate + H(+) + phosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:23680,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:43474,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57930, ChEBI:CHEBI:61557; EC=3.6.1.15;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=ATP + H2O = ADP + H(+) + phosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:13065,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:43474, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=3.6.4.13;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate +
CC         RNA(n+1); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:21248, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:14527, Rhea:RHEA-
CC         COMP:17342, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:61557, ChEBI:CHEBI:140395;
CC         EC=2.7.7.48; Evidence={ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00539};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=4-O-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-aspartyl-[protein] + H2O = ADP-D-ribose
CC         + H(+) + L-aspartyl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:54428, Rhea:RHEA-
CC         COMP:9867, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:13832, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29961, ChEBI:CHEBI:57967,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:138102; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:54429;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=5-O-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-glutamyl-[protein] + H2O = ADP-D-ribose
CC         + H(+) + L-glutamyl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:58248, Rhea:RHEA-
CC         COMP:10208, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:15089, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29973, ChEBI:CHEBI:57967,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:142540; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:58249;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=ATP + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n)-3'-adenine ribonucleotide;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11332, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:14527, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:17347,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:140395,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:173115; EC=2.7.7.19;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=ADP-beta-D-ribose 1''-phosphate + H2O = ADP-D-ribose +
CC         phosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:25029, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:43474, ChEBI:CHEBI:57967, ChEBI:CHEBI:58753; EC=3.1.3.84;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:25030;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317};
CC       Name=Mn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29035;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317};
CC       Note=For nsP4 adenylyltransferase activity; Mn(2+) supports catalysis
CC       at 60% of the levels observed with Mg(2+).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
CC       Note=For nsP4 RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
CC       Note=For nsP1 guanylylation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
CC       Note=For nsP2 RNA triphosphatase activity.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
CC       Note=For nsP2 NTPase activity. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6};
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: [mRNA-capping enzyme nsP1]: Interacts with non-structural
CC       protein 3 (By similarity). Interacts with RNA-directed RNA polymerase
CC       nsP4 (By similarity). Interacts with protease nsP2 (By similarity).
CC       interacts with itself (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: [Non-structural protein 3]: Interacts with mRNA-capping enzyme
CC       nsP1 (By similarity). Interacts with host DDX1 (By similarity).
CC       Interacts with host DDX3 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus)
CC       with host G3BP1; this interaction inhibits the formation of host stress
CC       granules on viral mRNAs and the nsp3-G3BP1 complexes bind viral RNAs
CC       and probably orchestrate the assembly of viral replication complexes
CC       (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with host G3BP2; this
CC       interaction inhibits the formation of host stress granules on viral
CC       mRNAs and the nsp3-G3BP2 complexes bind viral RNAs and probably
CC       orchestrate the assembly of viral replication complexes (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: [RNA-directed RNA polymerase nsP4]: Interacts with mRNA-
CC       capping enzyme nsP1 (By similarity). Interacts with protease nsP2 (By
CC       similarity). interacts with itself (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: [Protease nsP2]: Interacts with RNA-directed RNA polymerase
CC       nsP4 (By similarity). Interacts with mRNA-capping enzyme nsP1 (By
CC       similarity). Interacts with KPNA1/karyopherin-alpha1; this interaction
CC       probably allows the active transport of protease nsP2 into the host
CC       nucleus (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Polyprotein P1234]: Host cytoplasmic vesicle
CC       membrane {ECO:0000305}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000305}.
CC       Note=Part of cytoplasmic vesicles, which are probably formed at the
CC       plasma membrane and internalized leading to late endosomal/lysosomal
CC       spherules containing the replication complex. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Polyprotein P123]: Host cytoplasmic vesicle
CC       membrane {ECO:0000305}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000305}.
CC       Note=Part of cytoplasmic vesicles, which are probably formed at the
CC       plasma membrane and internalized leading to late endosomal/lysosomal
CC       spherules containing the replication complex. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [mRNA-capping enzyme nsP1]: Host cytoplasmic
CC       vesicle membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}; Lipid-anchor
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}. Host cell membrane
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}; Lipid-anchor
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}; Cytoplasmic side
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}. Host cell projection, host filopodium
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}. Note=In the late phase of infection,
CC       the polyprotein is quickly cleaved before localization to cellular
CC       membranes. Then a fraction of nsP1 localizes to the inner surface of
CC       the plasma membrane and its filopodial extensions. Only the
CC       palmitoylated nsP1 localizes to the host filopodia (By similarity).
CC       NsP1 is also part of cytoplasmic vesicles, which are probably formed at
CC       the plasma membrane and internalized leading to late
CC       endosomal/lysosomal spherules containing the replication complex (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Protease nsP2]: Host cytoplasmic vesicle
CC       membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}; Peripheral membrane protein
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}. Host nucleus
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282}. Host cytoplasm
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282}. Note=In the late phase of infection,
CC       the polyprotein is quickly cleaved before localization to cellular
CC       membranes. Then approximately half of nsP2 is found in the nucleus (By
CC       similarity). Shuttles between cytoplasm and nucleus (By similarity).
CC       NsP2 is also part of cytoplasmic vesicles, which are probably formed at
CC       the plasma membrane and internalized leading to late
CC       endosomal/lysosomal spherules containing the replication complex (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Non-structural protein 3]: Host cytoplasmic
CC       vesicle membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}; Peripheral membrane
CC       protein {ECO:0000305}. Note=In the late phase of infection, the
CC       polyprotein is quickly cleaved before localization to cellular
CC       membranes. Then nsP3 forms aggregates in cytoplasm (By similarity).
CC       NsP3 is also part of cytoplasmic vesicles, which are probably formed at
CC       the plasma membrane and internalized leading to late
CC       endosomal/lysosomal spherules containing the replication complex (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [RNA-directed RNA polymerase nsP4]: Host
CC       cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}. Note=NsP4 is part of cytoplasmic
CC       vesicles, which are probably formed at the plasma membrane and
CC       internalized leading to late endosomal/lysosomal spherules containing
CC       the replication complex. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: [Protease nsP2]: The N-terminus exhibits NTPase and RNA
CC       triphosphatase activities and is proposed to have helicase activity,
CC       whereas the C-terminus possesses protease activity (By similarity).
CC       Contains a nuclear localization signal and a nuclear export signal,
CC       these two motifs are probably involved in the shuttling between the
CC       cytoplasm and the nucleus of nsP2 (By similarity). The C-terminus is
CC       required for promoting the export of host STAT1 (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: [Non-structural protein 3]: In the N-terminus, the macro domain
CC       displays a mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolase activity (By similarity). The
CC       central part has a zinc-binding function (By similarity). The C-
CC       terminus contains two FGDF motifs necessary and sufficient for
CC       formation of the nsP3/G3BP1 complex (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- PTM: [Polyprotein P1234]: Specific enzymatic cleavages in vivo yield
CC       mature proteins (By similarity). The processing of the polyprotein is
CC       temporally regulated (By similarity). In early stages (1.7 hpi), P1234
CC       is first cleaved in trans through its nsP2 protease activity, releasing
CC       P123 and nsP4, which associate to form the early replication complex
CC       (By similarity). At the same time, P1234 is also cut at the nsP1/nsP2
CC       site early in infection but with lower efficiency (By similarity).
CC       After replication of the viral minus-strand RNAs (4 hpi), the
CC       polyproteins are cut at the nsP1/nsP2 and nsP2/nsP3 sites very
CC       efficiently, preventing accumulation of P123 and P1234 and allowing the
CC       formation of the late replication complex (By similarity). NsP3/nsP4
CC       site is not cleaved anymore and P34 is produced rather than nsP4 (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}.
CC   -!- PTM: [Polyprotein P123]: Specific enzymatic cleavages in vivo yield
CC       mature proteins (By similarity). The processing of the polyprotein is
CC       temporally regulated (By similarity). In early stages (1.7 hpi), P123
CC       is cleaved at the nsP1/nsP2 site with low efficiency (By similarity).
CC       After replication of the viral minus-strand RNAs (4 hpi), the
CC       polyproteins are cut at the nsP1/nsP2 and nsP2/nsP3 sites very
CC       efficiently, preventing accumulation of P123 and allowing the formation
CC       of the late replication complex (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}.
CC   -!- PTM: [mRNA-capping enzyme nsP1]: Palmitoylated by host
CC       palmitoyltransferases ZDHHC2 and ZDHHC19.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6}.
CC   -!- PTM: [Non-structural protein 3]: Phosphorylated by host on serines and
CC       threonines. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411}.
CC   -!- PTM: [RNA-directed RNA polymerase nsP4]: Ubiquitinated; targets the
CC       protein for rapid degradation via the ubiquitin system (By similarity).
CC       Nsp4 is present in extremely low quantities due to low frequency of
CC       translation through the amber stop-codon and the degradation by the
CC       ubiquitin pathway (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Viral replication produces dsRNA in the late phase of
CC       infection, resulting in a strong activation of host EIF2AK2/PKR,
CC       leading to almost complete phosphorylation of EIF2A (By similarity).
CC       This inactivates completely cellular translation initiation, resulting
CC       shutoff of host proteins synthesis (By similarity). However,
CC       phosphorylation of EIF2A is probably not the only mechanism responsible
CC       for the host translation shutoff (By similarity). The viral translation
CC       can still occur normally because it relies on a hairpin structure in
CC       the coding region of sgRNA and is EIF2A-, EIF2D-, EIF4G- EIF4A-
CC       independent (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317}.
CC   -!- CAUTION: There is no stop codon readthrough before nsP4 like in other
CC       ONNV strains (PubMed:9875334). The opal termination codon has probably
CC       been mutated to a sense codon on passage in cell culture
CC       (PubMed:9875334). The presence of the opal codon may be a requirement
CC       for viral maintenance in both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts and a
CC       selective advantage may be conferred in cell culture for the sense
CC       codon (PubMed:9875334). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9875334}.
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DR   EMBL; AF079457; AAC97206.1; -; Genomic_RNA.
DR   SMR; O90370; -.
DR   MEROPS; C09.001; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000008382; Genome.
DR   GO; GO:0044162; C:host cell cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0044176; C:host cell filopodium; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0042025; C:host cell nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0020002; C:host cell plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0016887; F:ATP hydrolysis activity; IEA:RHEA.
DR   GO; GO:0008234; F:cysteine-type peptidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005525; F:GTP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0008174; F:mRNA methyltransferase activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0004651; F:polynucleotide 5'-phosphatase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR   GO; GO:0004652; F:polynucleotide adenylyltransferase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR   GO; GO:0003723; F:RNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0003724; F:RNA helicase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR   GO; GO:0003968; F:RNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006370; P:7-methylguanosine mRNA capping; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006508; P:proteolysis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0039523; P:suppression by virus of host mRNA transcription via inhibition of RNA polymerase II activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006351; P:transcription, DNA-templated; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0039694; P:viral RNA genome replication; IEA:InterPro.
DR   CDD; cd21557; Macro_X_Nsp3-like; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.220.10; -; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.50.150; -; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.50.300; -; 2.
DR   Gene3D; 3.90.70.110; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR027351; (+)RNA_virus_helicase_core_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR002588; Alphavirus-like_MT_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR002620; Alphavirus_nsp2pro.
DR   InterPro; IPR044936; Alphavirus_nsp2pro_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR043502; DNA/RNA_pol_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR002589; Macro_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR043472; Macro_dom-like.
DR   InterPro; IPR044371; Macro_X_NSP3-like.
DR   InterPro; IPR027417; P-loop_NTPase.
DR   InterPro; IPR007094; RNA-dir_pol_PSvirus.
DR   InterPro; IPR029063; SAM-dependent_MTases_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR001788; Tymovirus_RNA-dep_RNA_pol.
DR   Pfam; PF01661; Macro; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF01707; Peptidase_C9; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00978; RdRP_2; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF01443; Viral_helicase1; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF01660; Vmethyltransf; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00506; A1pp; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF52540; SSF52540; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF52949; SSF52949; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF56672; SSF56672; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51743; ALPHAVIRUS_MT; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51154; MACRO; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51520; NSP2PRO; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51657; PSRV_HELICASE; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50507; RDRP_SSRNA_POS; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   ATP-binding; Eukaryotic host gene expression shutoff by virus;
KW   Eukaryotic host transcription shutoff by virus; GTP-binding; Helicase;
KW   Host cell membrane; Host cell projection; Host cytoplasm;
KW   Host cytoplasmic vesicle; Host gene expression shutoff by virus;
KW   Host membrane; Host nucleus; Host-virus interaction; Hydrolase;
KW   Inhibition of host RNA polymerase II by virus; Lipoprotein; Membrane;
KW   Metal-binding; Methyltransferase; mRNA capping; mRNA processing;
KW   Multifunctional enzyme; Nucleotide-binding; Nucleotidyltransferase;
KW   Palmitate; Phosphoprotein; Protease; RNA suppression of termination;
KW   RNA-binding; RNA-directed RNA polymerase; S-adenosyl-L-methionine;
KW   Thiol protease; Transferase; Ubl conjugation; Viral RNA replication; Zinc.
FT   CHAIN           1..2513
FT                   /note="Polyprotein P1234"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000308398"
FT   CHAIN           1..1902
FT                   /note="Polyprotein P123"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000229933"
FT   CHAIN           1..535
FT                   /note="mRNA-capping enzyme nsP1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000229934"
FT   CHAIN           536..1333
FT                   /note="Protease nsP2"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000229935"
FT   CHAIN           1334..1902
FT                   /note="Non-structural protein 3"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000229936"
FT   CHAIN           1903..2513
FT                   /note="RNA-directed RNA polymerase nsP4"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000229937"
FT   DOMAIN          28..259
FT                   /note="Alphavirus-like MT"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01079"
FT   DOMAIN          690..842
FT                   /note="(+)RNA virus helicase ATP-binding"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00990"
FT   DOMAIN          843..991
FT                   /note="(+)RNA virus helicase C-terminal"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00990"
FT   DOMAIN          1004..1327
FT                   /note="Peptidase C9"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00853"
FT   DOMAIN          2267..2382
FT                   /note="RdRp catalytic"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00539"
FT   REGION          244..263
FT                   /note="NsP1 membrane-binding"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411"
FT   REGION          1005..1024
FT                   /note="Nucleolus localization signal"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411"
FT   MOTIF           1058..1067
FT                   /note="Nuclear export signal"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282"
FT   MOTIF           1182..1186
FT                   /note="Nuclear localization signal"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411"
FT   MOTIF           1851..1854
FT                   /note="FGDF; binding to host G3BP1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411"
FT   MOTIF           1869..1872
FT                   /note="FGDF; binding to host G3BP1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08411"
FT   ACT_SITE        1013
FT                   /note="For cysteine protease nsP2 activity"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00853"
FT   ACT_SITE        1083
FT                   /note="For cysteine protease nsP2 activity"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00853"
FT   BINDING         721..728
FT                   /ligand="a ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:61557"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00990"
FT   BINDING         1343
FT                   /ligand="ADP-D-ribose"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57967"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P36328"
FT   BINDING         1357
FT                   /ligand="ADP-D-ribose"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57967"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6"
FT   BINDING         1365
FT                   /ligand="ADP-D-ribose"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57967"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6"
FT   BINDING         1445
FT                   /ligand="ADP-D-ribose"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57967"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P36328"
FT   BINDING         1446
FT                   /ligand="ADP-D-ribose"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57967"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6"
FT   BINDING         1447
FT                   /ligand="ADP-D-ribose"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57967"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6"
FT   BINDING         1595
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317"
FT   BINDING         1597
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317"
FT   BINDING         1620
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317"
FT   BINDING         1638
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317"
FT   SITE            37
FT                   /note="Involved in the phosphoramide link with 7-methyl-
FT                   GMP"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27282"
FT   SITE            535..536
FT                   /note="Cleavage; by protease nsP2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317"
FT   SITE            1333..1334
FT                   /note="Cleavage; by protease nsP2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P03317"
FT   SITE            1902..1903
FT                   /note="Cleavage; by protease nsP2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6"
FT   LIPID           417
FT                   /note="S-palmitoyl cysteine; by host"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6"
FT   LIPID           419
FT                   /note="S-palmitoyl cysteine; by host"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8JUX6"
SQ   SEQUENCE   2513 AA;  280051 MW;  DB7188E23D7C933D CRC64;
     MDSVYVDIDA DSAFLKALQR AYPMFEVEPK QVTPNDHANA RAFSHLAIKL IEQEIDPGST
     ILGIGSAPAR RMMSDRKYHC VCPMRSAEDP ERLANYARKL ASAAGKVTDK NISGKINDLQ
     AVMAVPNMET STFCLHTDAT CKQRGDVAIY QDVYAVHAPT SLYHQAIKGV HVAYWIGFDT
     TPFMYNAMAG AYPSYSTNWA DEQVLKAKNI GLCSTDLSEG RRGKLSIMRG KKFKPCDRVL
     FSVGSTLYPE SRKLLQSWHL PSVFHLKGKL SFTCRCDTIV SCEGYVVKRV TMSPGIYGKT
     SGYAVTHHAD GFLMCKTTDT VDGERVSFSV CTYVPATICD QMTGILATEV TPEDAQKLLV
     GLNQRIVVNG RTQRNTNTMK NYLLPIVAQA FSKWAKECRK DMEDEKLLGV RERTLTCCCL
     WAFRKHKTHT VYKRPDTQSI QKVPAEFDSF VIPSLWSSGL SIPLRTRIKW LLSKAPKHEQ
     LPHSGNAEEA AQAETDAVEE REAELTREAM PPLQATQDDV QVEIDVEQLE DRAGAGIVET
     PRGAIKVTAQ PSDLVVGEYL VLTPQAVLRS QKLGLIHALA EQVKTCTHSG RAGRYAVEAY
     DGRVLVPSGY AIPQEDFQSL SESATMVFNE REFVNRKLHH IAMHGPALNT DEESYELVRV
     EKTEHEYVYD VDQKKCCKRE EATGLVLVGD LTSPPYHEFA YEGLKIRPAC PYKTAVIGVF
     GVPGSGKSAI IKNLVTRQDL VTSGKKENCQ EISNDVMRQR KLEISARTVD SLLLNGCNKP
     VEVLYVDEAF ACHSGTLLAL IAMVRPRQKV VLCGDPKQCG FFNMMQMKVN YNHNICTQVY
     HKSISRRCTL PVTAIVSSLH YESKMRTTNE YNQPIVVDTT GTTKPEPGDL VLTCFRGWVK
     QLQIDYRGNE VMTAAASQGL TRKGVYAVRQ KVNENPLYAS TSEHVNVLLT RTEGKLIWKT
     LSGDPWIKIL QNPPKGNFKA TIKEWEAEHA SIMAGICNYQ MAFDTFQNKA NVCWAKCLVP
     ILDTAGIKLS DRQWSQIVQA FKEDRAYSPE VALNEICTRI YGVDLDSGLF SKPLISVYYA
     DNHWDNRPGG KMFGFNPEVA LMLEKKYPFT KGKWNINKQI CITTRKVDEF NPETNIIPAN
     RRLPHSLVAE HHSVRGERME WLVNKINGHH MLLVSGYNLI LPTKRVTWVA PLGTRGADYT
     YNLELGLPAT LGRYDLVVIN IHTPFRIHHY QQCVDHAMKL QMLGGDSLRL LKPGGSLLIR
     AYGYADRTSE RVISVLGRKF RSSRALKPQC ITSNTEMFFL FSRFDNGRRN FTTHVMNNQL
     NAVYAGLATR AGCAPSYRVK RMDIAKNTEE CVVNAANPRG VPGDGVCKAV YRKWPESFRN
     SATPVGTAKT IMCGQYPVIH AVGPNFSNYS EAEGDRELAS AYREVAKEVS RLGVSSVAIP
     LLSTGVYSGG KDRLLQSLNH LFAAMDSTDA DVVIYCRDKE WEKKITEAIS LRSQVELLDD
     HISVDCDIVR VHPDSSLAGR KGYSTVEGAL YSYLEGTRFH QTAVDMAEIY TMWPKQTEAN
     EQVCLYALGE SIESVRQKCP VDDADASFPP KTVPCLCRYA MTPERVARLR MNHTTSIIVC
     SSFPLPKYKI EGVQKVKCSK ALLFDHNVPS RVSPRTYRPA DEIIQTPQIS TEACQDAQLV
     QSINDEAVPV PSDLEACDAT MDWPSIGTVP TRQRHDSFDS EYSSRSNIQL VTADVHAPMY
     ANSLASSGGS MLSLSSEPAQ NGIMILPDSE DTDSISRVST PIAPPRRRLG RTINVTCDER
     EGKILPMASD RFFTAKPYTV ALSVSTADIT AYPIQAPLGL TQPPTLEQIT FGDFAEGEID
     NLLTGALTFG DFEPGEVEEL TDSEWSTCSD TDEELRLDRA GGYIFSSDTG QGHLQQKSVR
     QTTLPVNIVE EVHEEKCYPP KLDETKEQLL LKRLQESAST ANRSRYQSRK VENMKATIIH
     RLKEGCRLYL ASDTPRVPSY RITYPAPVYS PSINIKLSNP ETAVAVCNEF LARNYPTVAS
     YQVTDEYDAY LDMVDGSESC LDRATFNPSK LRSYPKQHSY HAPTIRSAVP SPFQNTLQNV
     LAAATKRNCN VTQMRELPTM DSAVFNVECF KKYACNQEYW REFASSPIRV TTENLTMYVT
     KLKGPKAAAL FAKTHNLLPL QEVPMDRFTM DMKRDVKVTP GTKHTEERPK VQVIQAAEPL
     ATAYLCGIHR ELVRRLNAVL LPNVHTLFDM SAEDFDAIIA THFKPGDAVL ETDIASFDKS
     QDDSLALTAM MLLEDLGVDQ PILDLIEAAF GEISSCHLPT GTRFKFGAMM KSGMFLTLFV
     NTLLNITIAS RVLEERLTTS ACAAFIGDDN IIHGVVSDAL MAARCATWMN MEVKIIDAVV
     SEKAPYFCGG FILHDTVTGT SCRVADPLKR LFKLGKPLAA GDEQDEDRRR ALADEVTRWQ
     RTGLVTELEK AVYSRYEVQG ITAVITSMAT FASSKENFKK LRGPVVTLYG GPK
 
 
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