ID   ATG12_SCHPO             Reviewed;         132 AA.
AC   Q9US24;
DT   26-APR-2005, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAY-2000, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 122.
DE   RecName: Full=Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12;
DE   AltName: Full=Autophagy-related protein 12;
GN   Name=atg12; ORFNames=SPAC1783.06c;
OS   Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) (Fission yeast).
OC   Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Taphrinomycotina;
OC   Schizosaccharomycetes; Schizosaccharomycetales; Schizosaccharomycetaceae;
OC   Schizosaccharomyces.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=284812;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=972 / ATCC 24843;
RX   PubMed=11859360; DOI=10.1038/nature724;
RA   Wood V., Gwilliam R., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M.H., Lyne R., Stewart A.,
RA   Sgouros J.G., Peat N., Hayles J., Baker S.G., Basham D., Bowman S.,
RA   Brooks K., Brown D., Brown S., Chillingworth T., Churcher C.M., Collins M.,
RA   Connor R., Cronin A., Davis P., Feltwell T., Fraser A., Gentles S.,
RA   Goble A., Hamlin N., Harris D.E., Hidalgo J., Hodgson G., Holroyd S.,
RA   Hornsby T., Howarth S., Huckle E.J., Hunt S., Jagels K., James K.D.,
RA   Jones L., Jones M., Leather S., McDonald S., McLean J., Mooney P.,
RA   Moule S., Mungall K.L., Murphy L.D., Niblett D., Odell C., Oliver K.,
RA   O'Neil S., Pearson D., Quail M.A., Rabbinowitsch E., Rutherford K.M.,
RA   Rutter S., Saunders D., Seeger K., Sharp S., Skelton J., Simmonds M.N.,
RA   Squares R., Squares S., Stevens K., Taylor K., Taylor R.G., Tivey A.,
RA   Walsh S.V., Warren T., Whitehead S., Woodward J.R., Volckaert G., Aert R.,
RA   Robben J., Grymonprez B., Weltjens I., Vanstreels E., Rieger M.,
RA   Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Duesterhoeft A.,
RA   Fritzc C., Holzer E., Moestl D., Hilbert H., Borzym K., Langer I., Beck A.,
RA   Lehrach H., Reinhardt R., Pohl T.M., Eger P., Zimmermann W., Wedler H.,
RA   Wambutt R., Purnelle B., Goffeau A., Cadieu E., Dreano S., Gloux S.,
RA   Lelaure V., Mottier S., Galibert F., Aves S.J., Xiang Z., Hunt C.,
RA   Moore K., Hurst S.M., Lucas M., Rochet M., Gaillardin C., Tallada V.A.,
RA   Garzon A., Thode G., Daga R.R., Cruzado L., Jimenez J., Sanchez M.,
RA   del Rey F., Benito J., Dominguez A., Revuelta J.L., Moreno S.,
RA   Armstrong J., Forsburg S.L., Cerutti L., Lowe T., McCombie W.R.,
RA   Paulsen I., Potashkin J., Shpakovski G.V., Ussery D., Barrell B.G.,
RA   Nurse P.;
RT   "The genome sequence of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.";
RL   Nature 415:871-880(2002).
RN   [2]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX   PubMed=16823372; DOI=10.1038/nbt1222;
RA   Matsuyama A., Arai R., Yashiroda Y., Shirai A., Kamata A., Sekido S.,
RA   Kobayashi Y., Hashimoto A., Hamamoto M., Hiraoka Y., Horinouchi S.,
RA   Yoshida M.;
RT   "ORFeome cloning and global analysis of protein localization in the fission
RT   yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.";
RL   Nat. Biotechnol. 24:841-847(2006).
RN   [3]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=19778961; DOI=10.1099/mic.0.034389-0;
RA   Mukaiyama H., Kajiwara S., Hosomi A., Giga-Hama Y., Tanaka N., Nakamura T.,
RA   Takegawa K.;
RT   "Autophagy-deficient Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants undergo partial
RT   sporulation during nitrogen starvation.";
RL   Microbiology 155:3816-3826(2009).
RN   [4]
RP   DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND CONJUGATION TO ATG5.
RX   PubMed=23950735; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003715;
RA   Sun L.L., Li M., Suo F., Liu X.M., Shen E.Z., Yang B., Dong M.Q., He W.Z.,
RA   Du L.L.;
RT   "Global analysis of fission yeast mating genes reveals new autophagy
RT   factors.";
RL   PLoS Genet. 9:E1003715-E1003715(2013).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Ubiquitin-like protein involved in cytoplasm to vacuole
CC       transport (Cvt), autophagy vesicles formation, mitophagy, and
CC       nucleophagy. Conjugation with atg5 through a ubiquitin-like conjugating
CC       system involving also atg7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and atg10 as
CC       an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The
CC       atg12-atg5 conjugate functions as an E3-like enzyme which is required
CC       for lipidation of atg8 and atg8 association to the vesicle membranes
CC       (By similarity). Plays a role in meiosis and sporulation. {ECO:0000250,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:19778961}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Forms a conjugate with atg5.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16823372}. Nucleus
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16823372}. Preautophagosomal structure membrane
CC       {ECO:0000250}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Impairs atg8-processing.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23950735}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG12 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; CU329670; CAB66169.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   PIR; T50108; T50108.
DR   RefSeq; NP_593661.1; NM_001019093.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q9US24; -.
DR   SMR; Q9US24; -.
DR   BioGRID; 278832; 7.
DR   STRING; 4896.SPAC1783.06c.1; -.
DR   iPTMnet; Q9US24; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q9US24; -.
DR   EnsemblFungi; SPAC1783.06c.1; SPAC1783.06c.1:pep; SPAC1783.06c.
DR   GeneID; 2542368; -.
DR   KEGG; spo:SPAC1783.06c; -.
DR   PomBase; SPAC1783.06c; atg12.
DR   VEuPathDB; FungiDB:SPAC1783.06c; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG3439; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_106795_3_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q9US24; -.
DR   OMA; LFIYVHQ; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q9US24; -.
DR   Reactome; R-SPO-1632852; Macroautophagy.
DR   Reactome; R-SPO-8934903; Receptor Mediated Mitophagy.
DR   PRO; PR:Q9US24; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002485; Chromosome I.
DR   GO; GO:0034274; C:Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; HDA:PomBase.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; HDA:PomBase.
DR   GO; GO:0034045; C:phagophore assembly site membrane; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0031386; F:protein tag; ISO:PomBase.
DR   GO; GO:0000045; P:autophagosome assembly; ISO:PomBase.
DR   GO; GO:0006914; P:autophagy; IMP:PomBase.
DR   GO; GO:0000422; P:autophagy of mitochondrion; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0044804; P:autophagy of nucleus; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0006501; P:C-terminal protein lipidation; ISO:PomBase.
DR   GO; GO:0016236; P:macroautophagy; IMP:PomBase.
DR   GO; GO:0015031; P:protein transport; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   InterPro; IPR007242; Atg12.
DR   InterPro; IPR029071; Ubiquitin-like_domsf.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR13385; PTHR13385; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF04110; APG12; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF54236; SSF54236; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Autophagy; Cytoplasm; Isopeptide bond; Membrane; Nucleus;
KW   Protein transport; Reference proteome; Transport; Ubl conjugation pathway.
FT   CHAIN           1..132
FT                   /note="Ubiquitin-like protein ATG12"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000212483"
FT   CROSSLNK        132
FT                   /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Gly-Lys) (interchain with
FT                   K-148 in ATG5)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   132 AA;  15154 MW;  F5E68DEEBCDC04D8 CRC64;
     MTGLVDQQEL EKRLATEEDS QNEDIENQLP SIETIINTYR EKENRRVNLR FKAIGRTPLL
     RKTVFSINAS QRFEKVTRFL KKELGLPMNS SLVLYVNSSF APSPDEIVGN LYDNFAIDSH
     LLINYCINVA FG