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PRIO_AOTTR
ID   PRIO_AOTTR              Reviewed;         239 AA.
AC   P40245;
DT   01-FEB-1995, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-FEB-1995, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 105.
DE   RecName: Full=Major prion protein;
DE            Short=PrP;
DE   AltName: Full=PrP27-30;
DE   AltName: Full=PrP33-35C;
DE   AltName: CD_antigen=CD230;
DE   Flags: Precursor; Fragment;
GN   Name=PRNP; Synonyms=PRP;
OS   Aotus trivirgatus (Three-striped night monkey) (Douroucouli).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Platyrrhini; Aotidae;
OC   Aotus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9505;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=7837269; DOI=10.1006/jmbi.1994.0030;
RA   Schaetzl H.M., Da Costa M., Taylor L., Cohen F.E., Prusiner S.B.;
RT   "Prion protein gene variation among primates.";
RL   J. Mol. Biol. 245:362-374(1995).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Its primary physiological function is unclear. May play a
CC       role in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. May be required
CC       for neuronal myelin sheath maintenance. May promote myelin homeostasis
CC       through acting as an agonist for ADGRG6 receptor. May play a role in
CC       iron uptake and iron homeostasis. Soluble oligomers are toxic to
CC       cultured neuroblastoma cells and induce apoptosis (in vitro) (By
CC       similarity). Association with GPC1 (via its heparan sulfate chains)
CC       targets PRNP to lipid rafts. Also provides Cu(2+) or Zn(2+) for the
CC       ascorbate-mediated GPC1 deaminase degradation of its heparan sulfate
CC       side chains (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04925}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Monomer and homodimer. Has a tendency to aggregate into
CC       amyloid fibrils containing a cross-beta spine, formed by a steric
CC       zipper of superposed beta-strands. Soluble oligomers may represent an
CC       intermediate stage on the path to fibril formation. Copper binding may
CC       promote oligomerization. Interacts with GRB2, APP, ERI3/PRNPIP and SYN1
CC       (By similarity). Mislocalized cytosolically exposed PrP interacts with
CC       MGRN1; this interaction alters MGRN1 subcellular location and causes
CC       lysosomal enlargement (By similarity). Interacts with APP. Interacts
CC       with KIAA1191 (By similarity). Interacts with ADGRG6 (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04925}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156};
CC       Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156}. Golgi
CC       apparatus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04925}. Note=Targeted to lipid rafts
CC       via association with the heparan sulfate chains of GPC1. Colocates, in
CC       the presence of Cu(2+), to vesicles in para- and perinuclear regions,
CC       where both proteins undergo internalization. Heparin displaces PRNP
CC       from lipid rafts and promotes endocytosis.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The normal, monomeric form has a mainly alpha-helical
CC       structure. The disease-associated, protease-resistant form forms
CC       amyloid fibrils containing a cross-beta spine, formed by a steric
CC       zipper of superposed beta-strands. Disease mutations may favor
CC       intermolecular contacts via short beta strands, and may thereby trigger
CC       oligomerization. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: Contains an N-terminal region composed of octamer repeats. At
CC       low copper concentrations, the sidechains of His residues from three or
CC       four repeats contribute to the binding of a single copper ion.
CC       Alternatively, a copper ion can be bound by interaction with the
CC       sidechain and backbone amide nitrogen of a single His residue. The
CC       observed copper binding stoichiometry suggests that two repeat regions
CC       cooperate to stabilize the binding of a single copper ion. At higher
CC       copper concentrations, each octamer can bind one copper ion by
CC       interactions with the His sidechain and Gly backbone atoms. A mixture
CC       of binding types may occur, especially in the case of octamer repeat
CC       expansion. Copper binding may stabilize the conformation of this region
CC       and may promote oligomerization. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156}.
CC   -!- DISEASE: Note=PrP is found in high quantity in the brain of humans and
CC       animals infected with the degenerative neurological diseases kuru,
CC       Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), Gerstmann-Straussler syndrome (GSS),
CC       scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), transmissible mink
CC       encephalopathy (TME), etc. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prion family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; U08293; AAC50082.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   PIR; S53633; S53633.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P40245; -.
DR   BMRB; P40245; -.
DR   SMR; P40245; -.
DR   GO; GO:0031225; C:anchored component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005794; C:Golgi apparatus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005507; F:copper ion binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0051260; P:protein homooligomerization; IEA:InterPro.
DR   Gene3D; 1.10.790.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR000817; Prion.
DR   InterPro; IPR036924; Prion/Doppel_b-ribbon_dom_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR022416; Prion/Doppel_prot_b-ribbon_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR025860; Prion_N_dom.
DR   Pfam; PF00377; Prion; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF11587; Prion_bPrPp; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00341; PRION.
DR   SMART; SM00157; PRP; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF54098; SSF54098; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00291; PRION_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00706; PRION_2; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Amyloid; Cell membrane; Copper; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein;
KW   Golgi apparatus; GPI-anchor; Lipoprotein; Membrane; Metal-binding; Prion;
KW   Repeat; Signal; Zinc.
FT   SIGNAL          <1..15
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CHAIN           16..222
FT                   /note="Major prion protein"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000025613"
FT   PROPEP          223..>239
FT                   /note="Removed in mature form"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000025614"
FT   REPEAT          44..51
FT                   /note="1"
FT   REPEAT          52..59
FT                   /note="2"
FT   REPEAT          60..67
FT                   /note="3"
FT   REPEAT          68..75
FT                   /note="4"
FT   REPEAT          76..83
FT                   /note="5"
FT   REGION          15..98
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          16..222
FT                   /note="Interaction with GRB2, ERI3 and SYN1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04925"
FT   REGION          16..31
FT                   /note="Interaction with ADGRG6"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04925"
FT   REGION          44..83
FT                   /note="5 X 8 AA tandem repeats of P-H-G-G-G-W-G-Q"
FT   COMPBIAS        28..42
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   BINDING         53
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         54
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         55
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         61
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         62
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         63
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         69
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         70
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         71
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         77
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         78
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   BINDING         79
FT                   /ligand="Cu(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29036"
FT                   /ligand_label="4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04156"
FT   LIPID           222
FT                   /note="GPI-anchor amidated serine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04273"
FT   CARBOHYD        173
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CARBOHYD        189
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   DISULFID        171..206
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04273"
FT   NON_TER         1
FT   NON_TER         239
SQ   SEQUENCE   239 AA;  26246 MW;  2EFB77E354B7024A CRC64;
     MLVLFVATWS DLGLCKKRPK PGGWNTGGSR YPGQSSPGGN RYPPQSGGWG QPHGGGWGQP
     HGGGWGQPHG GGWGQPHGGG WGQGGGTHNQ WNKPSKPKTN MKHMAGAAAA GAVVGGLGGY
     MLGSAMSRPL IHFGNDYEDR YYRENMYRYP NQVYYRPVDQ YSNQNNFVHD CVNITIKQHT
     VTTTTKGENF TETDVKIMER VVEQMCITQY EKESQAYYQR GSSMVLFSSP PVILLISFL
 
 
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