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ATG2A_HUMAN
ID   ATG2A_HUMAN             Reviewed;        1938 AA.
AC   Q2TAZ0; O43154; Q14DM2; Q6ZTV2; Q7Z6K8; Q8IVY5; Q8TAI8; Q96HH7;
DT   15-JAN-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   18-MAY-2010, sequence version 3.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 128.
DE   RecName: Full=Autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A {ECO:0000303|PubMed:21887408};
GN   Name=ATG2A {ECO:0000303|PubMed:21887408, ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:29028};
GN   Synonyms=KIAA0404 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9455477};
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC   Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANT ARG-656.
RC   TISSUE=Brain;
RX   PubMed=9455477; DOI=10.1093/dnares/4.5.307;
RA   Ishikawa K., Nagase T., Nakajima D., Seki N., Ohira M., Miyajima N.,
RA   Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O.;
RT   "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VIII. 78
RT   new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro.";
RL   DNA Res. 4:307-313(1997).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 4).
RC   TISSUE=Thymus;
RX   PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285;
RA   Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R.,
RA   Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H.,
RA   Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S.,
RA   Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K.,
RA   Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H.,
RA   Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M.,
RA   Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K.,
RA   Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T.,
RA   Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M.,
RA   Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S.,
RA   Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H.,
RA   Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K.,
RA   Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N.,
RA   Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S.,
RA   Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O.,
RA   Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H.,
RA   Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B.,
RA   Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y.,
RA   Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K.,
RA   Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T.,
RA   Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T.,
RA   Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y.,
RA   Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H.,
RA   Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y.,
RA   Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H.,
RA   Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O.,
RA   Isogai T., Sugano S.;
RT   "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human
RT   cDNAs.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=16554811; DOI=10.1038/nature04632;
RA   Taylor T.D., Noguchi H., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Kuroki Y., Dewar K.,
RA   Lloyd C., Itoh T., Takeda T., Kim D.-W., She X., Barlow K.F., Bloom T.,
RA   Bruford E., Chang J.L., Cuomo C.A., Eichler E., FitzGerald M.G.,
RA   Jaffe D.B., LaButti K., Nicol R., Park H.-S., Seaman C., Sougnez C.,
RA   Yang X., Zimmer A.R., Zody M.C., Birren B.W., Nusbaum C., Fujiyama A.,
RA   Hattori M., Rogers J., Lander E.S., Sakaki Y.;
RT   "Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene
RT   identification.";
RL   Nature 440:497-500(2006).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 3), NUCLEOTIDE
RP   SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 1189-1938 (ISOFORM 2), AND VARIANT ARG-656.
RC   TISSUE=Cervix, Hippocampus, and Skin;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [5]
RP   IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RC   TISSUE=Cervix carcinoma;
RX   PubMed=18669648; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0805139105;
RA   Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E.,
RA   Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P.;
RT   "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008).
RN   [6]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX   PubMed=21887408;
RA   Romanyuk D., Polak A., Maleszewska A., Sienko M., Grynberg M., Zoladek T.;
RT   "Human hAtg2A protein expressed in yeast is recruited to preautophagosomal
RT   structure but does not complement autophagy defects of atg2Delta strain.";
RL   Acta Biochim. Pol. 58:365-374(2011).
RN   [7]
RP   FUNCTION, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX   PubMed=22219374; DOI=10.1091/mbc.e11-09-0785;
RA   Velikkakath A.K., Nishimura T., Oita E., Ishihara N., Mizushima N.;
RT   "Mammalian Atg2 proteins are essential for autophagosome formation and
RT   important for regulation of size and distribution of lipid droplets.";
RL   Mol. Biol. Cell 23:896-909(2012).
RN   [8]
RP   PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-1301; SER-1309 AND SER-1402,
RP   AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RC   TISSUE=Erythroleukemia;
RX   PubMed=23186163; DOI=10.1021/pr300630k;
RA   Zhou H., Di Palma S., Preisinger C., Peng M., Polat A.N., Heck A.J.,
RA   Mohammed S.;
RT   "Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell
RT   phosphoproteome.";
RL   J. Proteome Res. 12:260-271(2013).
RN   [9]
RP   PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-765, AND IDENTIFICATION BY
RP   MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RC   TISSUE=Liver;
RX   PubMed=24275569; DOI=10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014;
RA   Bian Y., Song C., Cheng K., Dong M., Wang F., Huang J., Sun D., Wang L.,
RA   Ye M., Zou H.;
RT   "An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver
RT   phosphoproteome.";
RL   J. Proteomics 96:253-262(2014).
RN   [10]
RP   INTERACTION WITH WDR45.
RX   PubMed=28820312; DOI=10.1080/15548627.2017.1359381;
RA   Zheng J.X., Li Y., Ding Y.H., Liu J.J., Zhang M.J., Dong M.Q., Wang H.W.,
RA   Yu L.;
RT   "Architecture of the ATG2B-WDR45 complex and an aromatic Y/HF motif crucial
RT   for complex formation.";
RL   Autophagy 13:1870-1883(2017).
RN   [11]
RP   FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH WDR45.
RX   PubMed=28561066; DOI=10.1038/ncomms15637;
RA   Bakula D., Mueller A.J., Zuleger T., Takacs Z., Franz-Wachtel M.,
RA   Thost A.K., Brigger D., Tschan M.P., Frickey T., Robenek H., Macek B.,
RA   Proikas-Cezanne T.;
RT   "WIPI3 and WIPI4 beta-propellers are scaffolds for LKB1-AMPK-TSC signalling
RT   circuits in the control of autophagy.";
RL   Nat. Commun. 8:15637-15637(2017).
RN   [12]
RP   FUNCTION, AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY.
RX   PubMed=31271352; DOI=10.7554/elife.45777;
RA   Maeda S., Otomo C., Otomo T.;
RT   "The autophagic membrane tether ATG2A transfers lipids between membranes.";
RL   Elife 8:0-0(2019).
RN   [13]
RP   FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DOMAIN, AND MUTAGENESIS
RP   OF LEU-54; ILE-80; VAL-82; LEU-101; LEU-103; ILE-167; PHE-171; VAL-193;
RP   TYR-200; LEU-223; MET-259; LEU-285; VAL-304 AND TRP-328.
RX   PubMed=30952800; DOI=10.1083/jcb.201811139;
RA   Valverde D.P., Yu S., Boggavarapu V., Kumar N., Lees J.A., Walz T.,
RA   Reinisch K.M., Melia T.J.;
RT   "ATG2 transports lipids to promote autophagosome biogenesis.";
RL   J. Cell Biol. 218:1787-1798(2019).
RN   [14]
RP   INTERACTION WITH ATG9A.
RX   PubMed=32610138; DOI=10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107837;
RA   Guardia C.M., Tan X.F., Lian T., Rana M.S., Zhou W., Christenson E.T.,
RA   Lowry A.J., Faraldo-Gomez J.D., Bonifacino J.S., Jiang J., Banerjee A.;
RT   "Structure of human ATG9A, the only transmembrane protein of the core
RT   autophagy machinery.";
RL   Cell Rep. 31:107837-107837(2020).
RN   [15]
RP   INTERACTION WITH ATG9A.
RX   PubMed=33106659; DOI=10.1038/s41594-020-00520-2;
RA   Maeda S., Yamamoto H., Kinch L.N., Garza C.M., Takahashi S., Otomo C.,
RA   Grishin N.V., Forli S., Mizushima N., Otomo T.;
RT   "Structure, lipid scrambling activity and role in autophagosome formation
RT   of ATG9A.";
RL   Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 27:1194-1201(2020).
RN   [16]
RP   INTERACTION WITH ATG9A; TMEM41B AND VMP1.
RX   PubMed=33850023; DOI=10.1073/pnas.2101562118;
RA   Ghanbarpour A., Valverde D.P., Melia T.J., Reinisch K.M.;
RT   "A model for a partnership of lipid transfer proteins and scramblases in
RT   membrane expansion and organelle biogenesis.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 118:0-0(2021).
RN   [17] {ECO:0007744|PDB:6KLR}
RP   X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.21 ANGSTROMS) OF 1374-1404 IN COMPLEX WITH WDR45B,
RP   INTERACTION WITH WDR45 AND WDR45B, AND MUTAGENESIS OF VAL-1381; THR-1382;
RP   ILE-1389; TYR-1395 AND PHE-1396.
RX   PubMed=32483132; DOI=10.1038/s41467-020-16523-y;
RA   Ren J., Liang R., Wang W., Zhang D., Yu L., Feng W.;
RT   "Multi-site-mediated entwining of the linear WIR-motif around WIPI beta-
RT   propellers for autophagy.";
RL   Nat. Commun. 11:2702-2702(2020).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Lipid transfer protein involved in autophagosome assembly
CC       (PubMed:28561066, PubMed:31271352, PubMed:30952800). Tethers the edge
CC       of the isolation membrane (IM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and
CC       mediates direct lipid transfer from ER to IM for IM expansion
CC       (PubMed:31271352, PubMed:30952800). Binds to the ER exit site (ERES),
CC       which is the membrane source for autophagosome formation, and extracts
CC       phospholipids from the membrane source and transfers them to ATG9
CC       (ATG9A or ATG9B) to the IM for membrane expansion (PubMed:31271352,
CC       PubMed:30952800). Lipid transfer activity is enhanced by WIPI1 and
CC       WDR45/WIPI4, which promote ATG2A-association with phosphatidylinositol
CC       3-monophosphate (PI3P)-containing membranes (PubMed:31271352). Also
CC       regulates lipid droplets morphology and distribution within the cell
CC       (PubMed:22219374, PubMed:28561066). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22219374,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:28561066, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:31271352}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-
CC         sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine(out); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38663,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57262; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(in) = a 1,2-
CC         diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(out); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38895,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:64612; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800,
CC         ECO:0000269|PubMed:31271352};
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with ATG9A (via C-terminus) (PubMed:32610138,
CC       PubMed:33106659, PubMed:33850023). Interacts (via WIPI-interacting
CC       region) with WDR45B/WIPI3 (PubMed:32483132). Interacts (via WIPI-
CC       interacting region) with WDR45/WIPI4 (PubMed:28820312,
CC       PubMed:32483132). Interacts with TMEM41B (PubMed:33850023). Interacts
CC       with VMP1 (PubMed:33850023). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28820312,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:32483132, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32610138,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:33106659, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33850023}.
CC   -!- INTERACTION:
CC       Q2TAZ0; Q7Z3C6: ATG9A; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-727146;
CC       Q2TAZ0; O95166: GABARAP; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-712001;
CC       Q2TAZ0; Q9H0R8: GABARAPL1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-746969;
CC       Q2TAZ0; P60520: GABARAPL2; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-720116;
CC       Q2TAZ0; Q9GZQ8: MAP1LC3B; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-373144;
CC       Q2TAZ0; Q6FHY5: MEOX2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-16439278;
CC       Q2TAZ0; O96008: TOMM40; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-1057581;
CC       Q2TAZ0; Q9Y484: WDR45; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-2514077, EBI-2682844;
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Preautophagosomal structure membrane
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800}; Peripheral membrane protein
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q96BY7}. Lipid droplet
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q96BY7}. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800}; Peripheral membrane protein
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53855}. Note=Localizes to endoplasmic
CC       reticulum-autophagosome contact sites. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800}.
CC   -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC       Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=4;
CC       Name=1;
CC         IsoId=Q2TAZ0-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC       Name=2;
CC         IsoId=Q2TAZ0-3; Sequence=VSP_030515;
CC       Name=3;
CC         IsoId=Q2TAZ0-4; Sequence=VSP_030510, VSP_030516;
CC       Name=4;
CC         IsoId=Q2TAZ0-5; Sequence=VSP_030511, VSP_030512;
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The chorein N-terminal domain mediates lipid transfer activity.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG2 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=BAA23700.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Extended N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR   EMBL; AB007864; BAA23700.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AK126181; BAC86477.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AP001187; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC008593; AAH08593.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC027481; AAH27481.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC053596; AAH53596.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC110650; AAI10651.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC113091; AAI13092.1; -; mRNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS31602.1; -. [Q2TAZ0-1]
DR   PIR; T00051; T00051.
DR   RefSeq; NP_055919.2; NM_015104.2. [Q2TAZ0-1]
DR   RefSeq; XP_011543165.1; XM_011544863.2. [Q2TAZ0-3]
DR   PDB; 6KLR; X-ray; 2.21 A; A/B=1374-1404.
DR   PDBsum; 6KLR; -.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   SMR; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   BioGRID; 116748; 41.
DR   IntAct; Q2TAZ0; 101.
DR   STRING; 9606.ENSP00000366475; -.
DR   TCDB; 9.A.15.2.1; the autophagy-related phagophore-formation transporter (apt) family.
DR   iPTMnet; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   BioMuta; ATG2A; -.
DR   DMDM; 296439433; -.
DR   EPD; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   jPOST; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   MassIVE; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   MaxQB; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   PRIDE; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   ProteomicsDB; 61475; -. [Q2TAZ0-1]
DR   ProteomicsDB; 61476; -. [Q2TAZ0-3]
DR   ProteomicsDB; 61477; -. [Q2TAZ0-4]
DR   ProteomicsDB; 61478; -. [Q2TAZ0-5]
DR   Antibodypedia; 44102; 188 antibodies from 24 providers.
DR   DNASU; 23130; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000377264.8; ENSP00000366475.3; ENSG00000110046.13. [Q2TAZ0-1]
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000421419.3; ENSP00000410522.3; ENSG00000110046.13. [Q2TAZ0-4]
DR   GeneID; 23130; -.
DR   KEGG; hsa:23130; -.
DR   MANE-Select; ENST00000377264.8; ENSP00000366475.3; NM_015104.3; NP_055919.2.
DR   UCSC; uc001obx.4; human. [Q2TAZ0-1]
DR   CTD; 23130; -.
DR   DisGeNET; 23130; -.
DR   GeneCards; ATG2A; -.
DR   HGNC; HGNC:29028; ATG2A.
DR   HPA; ENSG00000110046; Low tissue specificity.
DR   MIM; 616225; gene.
DR   neXtProt; NX_Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   OpenTargets; ENSG00000110046; -.
DR   PharmGKB; PA162377101; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000110046; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG2993; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00620000087966; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_001781_0_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   OMA; LQYVMSA; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 196897at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF313482; -.
DR   PathwayCommons; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   SignaLink; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   SIGNOR; Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 23130; 40 hits in 1086 CRISPR screens.
DR   ChiTaRS; ATG2A; human.
DR   GenomeRNAi; 23130; -.
DR   Pharos; Q2TAZ0; Tbio.
DR   PRO; PR:Q2TAZ0; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 11.
DR   RNAct; Q2TAZ0; protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSG00000110046; Expressed in right lobe of liver and 190 other tissues.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; Q2TAZ0; baseline and differential.
DR   Genevisible; Q2TAZ0; HS.
DR   GO; GO:0005789; C:endoplasmic reticulum membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0019898; C:extrinsic component of membrane; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0005811; C:lipid droplet; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0044232; C:organelle membrane contact site; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0000407; C:phagophore assembly site; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0034045; C:phagophore assembly site membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0120013; F:lipid transfer activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0032266; F:phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0000045; P:autophagosome assembly; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0000422; P:autophagy of mitochondrion; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0044805; P:late nucleophagy; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0034727; P:piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:2000786; P:positive regulation of autophagosome assembly; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0061709; P:reticulophagy; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   DisProt; DP02142; -.
DR   InterPro; IPR026849; ATG2.
DR   InterPro; IPR015412; Autophagy-rel_C.
DR   InterPro; IPR026854; VPS13-like_N.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR13190; PTHR13190; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF09333; ATG_C; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF12624; Chorein_N; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   3D-structure; Alternative splicing; Autophagy; Endoplasmic reticulum;
KW   Lipid droplet; Lipid transport; Membrane; Phosphoprotein;
KW   Reference proteome; Transport.
FT   CHAIN           1..1938
FT                   /note="Autophagy-related protein 2 homolog A"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000315234"
FT   DOMAIN          14..111
FT                   /note="Chorein N-terminal"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   REGION          1242..1272
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          1315..1359
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          1358..1404
FT                   /note="WIPI-interacting"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32483132"
FT   REGION          1438..1476
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          1614..1657
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        1344..1359
FT                   /note="Acidic residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        1449..1474
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        1622..1649
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   MOD_RES         765
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:24275569"
FT   MOD_RES         878
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q6P4T0"
FT   MOD_RES         892
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q6P4T0"
FT   MOD_RES         894
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q6P4T0"
FT   MOD_RES         1266
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q6P4T0"
FT   MOD_RES         1301
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163"
FT   MOD_RES         1309
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163"
FT   MOD_RES         1402
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163"
FT   VAR_SEQ         1..1607
FT                   /note="Missing (in isoform 3)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VSP_030510"
FT   VAR_SEQ         58..121
FT                   /note="SVNEVLESMESPLELVEGFVGSIEVAVPWAALLTDHCTVRVSGLQLTLQPRR
FT                   GPAPGAADSQSW -> VRSQARVQEVCERGAGVNGVTAGAGGRLRGLHRGGRALGCSAH
FT                   RPLHSARVRPPAHLAAPPGSR (in isoform 4)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:14702039"
FT                   /id="VSP_030511"
FT   VAR_SEQ         122..1938
FT                   /note="Missing (in isoform 4)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:14702039"
FT                   /id="VSP_030512"
FT   VAR_SEQ         1259
FT                   /note="K -> KVQ (in isoform 2)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VSP_030515"
FT   VAR_SEQ         1608..1724
FT                   /note="INPVVPGETSAEARPETRAQPSSPLEGQAEGVETTGSQEAPGGGHSPSPPDQ
FT                   QPIYFREFRFTSEVPIWLDYHGKHVTMDQVGTFAGLLIGLAQLNCSELKLKRLCCRHGL
FT                   LGVDKV -> MAVAMVKLCERAGLPLLAAPLLRSLLPRAPQPGPAQPRSVQGQRCPARH
FT                   PPGNLVCERGAGVNGVTAGAGGRLRGLHRGGRALGCSAHRPLHSARVRPPAHLAAPPGS
FT                   SARGCRLTE (in isoform 3)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:15489334"
FT                   /id="VSP_030516"
FT   VARIANT         175
FT                   /note="V -> I (in dbSNP:rs12293826)"
FT                   /id="VAR_038158"
FT   VARIANT         394
FT                   /note="R -> C (in dbSNP:rs35115827)"
FT                   /id="VAR_061027"
FT   VARIANT         404
FT                   /note="A -> V (in dbSNP:rs60711419)"
FT                   /id="VAR_061028"
FT   VARIANT         627
FT                   /note="A -> V (in dbSNP:rs2285347)"
FT                   /id="VAR_038159"
FT   VARIANT         656
FT                   /note="P -> R (in dbSNP:rs656195)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:15489334,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:9455477"
FT                   /id="VAR_061029"
FT   VARIANT         948
FT                   /note="G -> R (in dbSNP:rs11827140)"
FT                   /id="VAR_038160"
FT   MUTAGEN         54
FT                   /note="L->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-82, E-101, R-167, E-171,
FT                   R-193, R-200, E-223, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         80
FT                   /note="I->E: In Mutant 2; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with D-103, K-167, R-171, E-193,
FT                   K-259, E-285 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         82
FT                   /note="V->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, E-101, R-167, E-171,
FT                   R-193, R-200, E-223, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         101
FT                   /note="L->E: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, R-167, E-171, R-
FT                   193, R-200, E-223, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         103
FT                   /note="L->D: In Mutant 2; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with E-80,K-167, R-171, E-193, K-
FT                   259, E-285 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         167
FT                   /note="I->K: In Mutant 2; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with E-80, D-103, R-171, E-193,
FT                   K-259, E-285 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         167
FT                   /note="I->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, E-171, R-
FT                   193, R-200, E-223, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         171
FT                   /note="F->E: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, R-167, R-
FT                   193, R-200, E-223, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         171
FT                   /note="F->R: In Mutant 2; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with E-80, D-103, K-167, E-193,
FT                   K-259, E-285 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         193
FT                   /note="V->E: In Mutant 2; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with E-80, D-103, K-167, R-171,
FT                   K-259, E-285 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         193
FT                   /note="V->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, R-167, E-
FT                   171, R-200, E-223, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         200
FT                   /note="Y->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, R-167, E-
FT                   171, R-193, E-223, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         223
FT                   /note="L->E: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, R-167, E-
FT                   171, R-193, R-200, R-285, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         259
FT                   /note="M->K: In Mutant 2; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with E-80, D-103, K-167, R-171,
FT                   E-193, E-285 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         285
FT                   /note="L->E: In Mutant 2; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with E-80, D-103, K-167, R-171,
FT                   E-193, K-259 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         285
FT                   /note="L->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, R-167, E-
FT                   171, R-193, R-200, E-223, R-304 and R-328."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         304
FT                   /note="V->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, R-167, E-
FT                   171, R-193, R-200, E-223, R-285 and R-328. In Mutant 2;
FT                   abolished lipid transfer activity; when associated with E-
FT                   80, D-103, K-167, R-171, E-193, K-259 and E-285."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         328
FT                   /note="W->R: In Mutant 1; abolished lipid transfer
FT                   activity; when associated with R-54, R-82, E-101, R-167, E-
FT                   171, R-193, R-200, E-223, R-285 and R-304."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:30952800"
FT   MUTAGEN         1381
FT                   /note="V->Q: Decreased interaction with WDR45/WIPI4 and
FT                   ability to promote autophagy."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32483132"
FT   MUTAGEN         1382
FT                   /note="T->Q: Decreased interaction with WDR45/WIPI4 and
FT                   ability to promote autophagy."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32483132"
FT   MUTAGEN         1389
FT                   /note="I->Q: Decreased interaction with WDR45/WIPI4 and
FT                   ability to promote autophagy."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32483132"
FT   MUTAGEN         1395
FT                   /note="Y->A: Decreased interaction with WDR45/WIPI4 and
FT                   ability to promote autophagy."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32483132"
FT   MUTAGEN         1396
FT                   /note="F->A: Decreased interaction with WDR45/WIPI4 and
FT                   ability to promote autophagy."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:32483132"
FT   CONFLICT        1286
FT                   /note="A -> S (in Ref. 4; AAI10651)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   STRAND          1380..1383
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6KLR"
SQ   SEQUENCE   1938 AA;  212860 MW;  B0072E075E305A33 CRC64;
     MSRWLWPWSN CVKERVCRYL LHHYLGHFFQ EHLSLDQLSL DLYKGSVALR DIHLEIWSVN
     EVLESMESPL ELVEGFVGSI EVAVPWAALL TDHCTVRVSG LQLTLQPRRG PAPGAADSQS
     WASCMTTSLQ LAQECLRDGL PEPSEPPQPL EGLEMFAQTI ETVLRRIKVT FLDTVVRVEH
     SPGDGERGVA VEVRVQRLEY CDEAVRDPSQ APPVDVHQPP AFLHKLLQLA GVRLHYEELP
     AQEEPPEPPL QIGSCSGYME LMVKLKQNEA FPGPKLEVAG QLGSLHLLLT PRQLQQLQEL
     LSAVSLTDHE GLADKLNKSR PLGAEDLWLI EQDLNQQLQA GAVAEPLSPD PLTNPLLNLD
     NTDLFFSMAG LTSSVASALS ELSLSDVDLA SSVRSDMASR RLSAQAHPAG KMAPNPLLDT
     MRPDSLLKMT LGGVTLTLLQ TSAPSSGPPD LATHFFTEFD ATKDGPFGSR DFHHLRPRFQ
     RACPCSHVRL TGTAVQLSWE LRTGSRGRRT TSMEVHFGQL EVLECLWPRG TSEPEYTEIL
     TFPGTLGSQA SARPCAHLRH TQILRRVPKS RPRRSVACHC HSELALDLAN FQADVELGAL
     DRLAALLRLA TVPAEPPAGL LTEPLPAMEQ QTVFRLSAPR ATLRLRFPIA DLRPEPDPWA
     GQAVRAEQLR LELSEPQFRS ELSSGPGPPV PTHLELTCSD LHGIYEDGGK PPVPCLRVSK
     ALDPKSTGRK YFLPQVVVTV NPQSSSTQWE VAPEKGEELE LSVESPCELR EPEPSPFSSK
     RTMYETEEMV IPGDPEEMRT FQSRTLALSR CSLEVILPSV HIFLPSKEVY ESIYNRINND
     LLMWEPADLL PTPDPAAQPS GFPGPSGFWH DSFKMCKSAF KLANCFDLTP DSDSDDEDAH
     FFSVGASGGP QAAAPEAPSL HLQSTFSTLV TVLKGRITAL CETKDEGGKR LEAVHGELVL
     DMEHGTLFSV SQYCGQPGLG YFCLEAEKAT LYHRAAVDDY PLPSHLDLPS FAPPAQLAPT
     IYPSEEGVTE RGASGRKGQG RGPHMLSTAV RIHLDPHKNV KEFLVTLRLH KATLRHYMAL
     PEQSWHSQLL EFLDVLDDPV LGYLPPTVIT ILHTHLFSCS VDYRPLYLPV RVLITAETFT
     LSSNIIMDTS TFLLRFILDD SALYLSDKCE VETLDLRRDY VCVLDVDLLE LVIKTWKGST
     EGKLSQPLFE LRCSNNVVHV HSCADSCALL VNLLQYVMST GDLHPPPRPP SPTEIAGQKL
     SESPASLPSC PPVETALINQ RDLADALLDT ERSLRELAQP SGGHLPQASP ISVYLFPGER
     SGAPPPSPPV GGPAGSLGSC SEEKEDEREE EGDGDTLDSD EFCILDAPGL GIPPRDGEPV
     VTQLHPGPIV VRDGYFSRPI GSTDLLRAPA HFPVPSTRVV LREVSLVWHL YGGRDFGPHP
     GHRARTGLSG PRSSPSRCSG PNRPQNSWRT QGGSGRQHHV LMEIQLSKVS FQHEVYPAEP
     ATGPAAPSQE LEERPLSRQV FIVQELEVRD RLASSQINKF LYLHTSERMP RRAHSNMLTI
     KALHVAPTTN LGGPECCLRV SLMPLRLNVD QDALFFLKDF FTSLVAGINP VVPGETSAEA
     RPETRAQPSS PLEGQAEGVE TTGSQEAPGG GHSPSPPDQQ PIYFREFRFT SEVPIWLDYH
     GKHVTMDQVG TFAGLLIGLA QLNCSELKLK RLCCRHGLLG VDKVLGYALN EWLQDIRKNQ
     LPGLLGGVGP MHSVVQLFQG FRDLLWLPIE QYRKDGRLMR GLQRGAASFG SSTASAALEL
     SNRLVQAIQA TAETVYDILS PAAPVSRSLQ DKRSARRLRR GQQPADLREG VAKAYDTVRE
     GILDTAQTIC DVASRGHEQK GLTGAVGGVI RQLPPTVVKP LILATEATSS LLGGMRNQIV
     PDAHKDHALK WRSDSAQD
 
 
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