ID   ATG3_PICST              Reviewed;         318 AA.
AC   A3LX85;
DT   05-FEB-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   24-JUL-2007, sequence version 2.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 76.
DE   RecName: Full=Autophagy-related protein 3;
DE   AltName: Full=Autophagy-related E2-like conjugation enzyme ATG3;
GN   Name=ATG3; ORFNames=PICST_36624;
OS   Scheffersomyces stipitis (strain ATCC 58785 / CBS 6054 / NBRC 10063 / NRRL
OS   Y-11545) (Yeast) (Pichia stipitis).
OC   Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes;
OC   Saccharomycetales; Debaryomycetaceae; Scheffersomyces.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=322104;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=ATCC 58785 / CBS 6054 / NBRC 10063 / NRRL Y-11545;
RX   PubMed=17334359; DOI=10.1038/nbt1290;
RA   Jeffries T.W., Grigoriev I.V., Grimwood J., Laplaza J.M., Aerts A.,
RA   Salamov A., Schmutz J., Lindquist E., Dehal P., Shapiro H., Jin Y.-S.,
RA   Passoth V., Richardson P.M.;
RT   "Genome sequence of the lignocellulose-bioconverting and xylose-fermenting
RT   yeast Pichia stipitis.";
RL   Nat. Biotechnol. 25:319-326(2007).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole
CC       transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Required for selective autophagic
CC       degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which
CC       contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by
CC       eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular
CC       energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Responsible
CC       for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-
CC       terminal Gly of ATG8. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3
CC       and promotes the transfer of ATG8 from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine
CC       (PE). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8. The
CC       formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate is essential
CC       for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). The
CC       ATG8-PE conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and
CC       stimulates membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the
CC       autophagosomal membrane during autophagy (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Monomer. Interacts with ATG8 through an intermediate thioester
CC       bond through the C-terminal Gly of ATG8. Also interacts with the 40
CC       amino acid C-terminal region of the E1-like ATG7 enzyme. Interacts also
CC       with the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The N-terminal region is involved in phosphatidylethanolamine-
CC       binding and is required for ATG8-PE conjugation. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The flexible region (FR) is required for ATG7-binding.
CC       {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The handle region (HR) contains the ATG8 interaction motif
CC       (AIM) and mediates binding to ATG8. It is crucial for the cytoplasm-to-
CC       vacuole targeting pathway (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG3 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; CP000500; ABN67417.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; XP_001385446.2; XM_001385409.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; A3LX85; -.
DR   SMR; A3LX85; -.
DR   STRING; 4924.XP_001385446.2; -.
DR   EnsemblFungi; ABN67417; ABN67417; PICST_36624.
DR   GeneID; 4839760; -.
DR   KEGG; pic:PICST_36624; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG2981; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_027518_2_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; A3LX85; -.
DR   OMA; YDKYYQV; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1432328at2759; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002258; Chromosome 6.
DR   GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0019787; F:ubiquitin-like protein transferase activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0006914; P:autophagy; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0015031; P:protein transport; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   InterPro; IPR007135; Atg3/Atg10.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR12866; PTHR12866; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF03987; Autophagy_act_C; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Autophagy; Cytoplasm; Protein transport; Reference proteome; Transport;
KW   Ubl conjugation pathway.
FT   CHAIN           1..318
FT                   /note="Autophagy-related protein 3"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000317828"
FT   REGION          82..161
FT                   /note="Flexible region"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   REGION          83..104
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          235..293
FT                   /note="Handle region"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   REGION          244..284
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        245..284
FT                   /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   ACT_SITE        231
FT                   /note="Glycyl thioester intermediate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   318 AA;  35978 MW;  4EAFA98A7857814C CRC64;
     MLRSKLSSLR EYLTPINHNS NFSTTGEISP EEFVQAGDYL VYKFPTWQWS TCPKNLQKSF
     LPADKQFLIT RHVPSYQRAS NYLTGGNVDF DDDEEYEDDE EGDGWVKSRK VVSVTKPQDG
     QEEEPQEIND IDDLIDVTAE GAEDDGDNLE DFDDLDIRND GGSVRKYDMY ITYSTSYRVP
     KMYLVGFNAN GIPLTPDQMF EDINADYKDK TATIENLPVA HNTTSVSIHP CKHSSVMKVL
     MKHSKSKKTR EEVNHLSEEL GKTNISDKSQ EDTGKDAEAA AGPEAEDSIR VDQYLVIFLK
     FIASVTPGIE YDYTMDAL