ID   ATG4_ASPCL              Reviewed;         400 AA.
AC   A1CJ08;
DT   05-FEB-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   23-JAN-2007, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 74.
DE   RecName: Full=Probable cysteine protease atg4;
DE            EC=3.4.22.-;
DE   AltName: Full=Autophagy-related protein 4;
GN   Name=atg4; ORFNames=ACLA_033350;
OS   Aspergillus clavatus (strain ATCC 1007 / CBS 513.65 / DSM 816 / NCTC 3887 /
OS   NRRL 1 / QM 1276 / 107).
OC   Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Pezizomycotina; Eurotiomycetes;
OC   Eurotiomycetidae; Eurotiales; Aspergillaceae; Aspergillus;
OC   Aspergillus subgen. Fumigati.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=344612;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=ATCC 1007 / CBS 513.65 / DSM 816 / NCTC 3887 / NRRL 1;
RX   PubMed=18404212; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1000046;
RA   Fedorova N.D., Khaldi N., Joardar V.S., Maiti R., Amedeo P., Anderson M.J.,
RA   Crabtree J., Silva J.C., Badger J.H., Albarraq A., Angiuoli S., Bussey H.,
RA   Bowyer P., Cotty P.J., Dyer P.S., Egan A., Galens K., Fraser-Liggett C.M.,
RA   Haas B.J., Inman J.M., Kent R., Lemieux S., Malavazi I., Orvis J.,
RA   Roemer T., Ronning C.M., Sundaram J.P., Sutton G., Turner G., Venter J.C.,
RA   White O.R., Whitty B.R., Youngman P., Wolfe K.H., Goldman G.H.,
RA   Wortman J.R., Jiang B., Denning D.W., Nierman W.C.;
RT   "Genomic islands in the pathogenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus
RT   fumigatus.";
RL   PLoS Genet. 4:E1000046-E1000046(2008).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Cysteine protease that plays a key role in cytoplasm to
CC       vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy by mediating both proteolytic
CC       activation and delipidation of ATG8. Required for selective autophagic
CC       degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which
CC       contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by
CC       eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular
CC       energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. The protease
CC       activity is required for proteolytic activation of ATG8: cleaves the C-
CC       terminal amino acid of ATG8 to reveal a C-terminal glycine. ATG8
CC       ubiquitin-like activity requires the exposure of the glycine at the C-
CC       terminus for its conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and its
CC       insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy. The ATG8-PE
CC       conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates
CC       membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the autophagosomal
CC       membrane during autophagy. In addition to the protease activity, also
CC       catalyzes deconjugation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 during
CC       macroautophagy: ATG8 delipidation is required to release the protein
CC       from membranes, which facilitates multiple events during
CC       macroautophagy, and especially for efficient autophagosome biogenesis,
CC       the assembly of ATG9-containing tubulovesicular clusters into
CC       phagophores/autophagosomes, and for the disassembly of PAS-associated
CC       ATG components. ATG8 delipidation by ATG4 also recycles ATG8-PE
CC       generated on inappropriate membranes to maintain a reservoir of
CC       unlipidated ATG8 that is required for autophagosome formation at the
CC       PAS. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=[protein]-C-terminal L-amino acid-glycyl-
CC         phosphatidylethanolamide + H2O = [protein]-C-terminal L-amino acid-
CC         glycine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67548, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:17323, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:17324,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:64612, ChEBI:CHEBI:172940,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:172941; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867};
CC       PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67549;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867};
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}. Nucleus
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}. Preautophagosomal structure
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C54 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC   Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   EMBL; DS027056; EAW09132.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; XP_001270558.1; XM_001270557.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; A1CJ08; -.
DR   SMR; A1CJ08; -.
DR   STRING; 5057.CADACLAP00003211; -.
DR   MEROPS; C54.001; -.
DR   EnsemblFungi; EAW09132; EAW09132; ACLA_033350.
DR   GeneID; 4703239; -.
DR   KEGG; act:ACLA_033350; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; FungiDB:ACLA_033350; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG2674; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_021259_5_1_1; -.
DR   OMA; CHTRRIR; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 431748at2759; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000006701; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0000407; C:phagophore assembly site; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0008234; F:cysteine-type peptidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0016236; P:macroautophagy; IEA:EnsemblFungi.
DR   GO; GO:0015031; P:protein transport; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006508; P:proteolysis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   InterPro; IPR038765; Papain-like_cys_pep_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR005078; Peptidase_C54.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR22624; PTHR22624; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF03416; Peptidase_C54; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF54001; SSF54001; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Autophagy; Cytoplasm; Hydrolase; Nucleus; Protease; Protein transport;
KW   Reference proteome; Thiol protease; Transport.
FT   CHAIN           1..400
FT                   /note="Probable cysteine protease atg4"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000317832"
FT   ACT_SITE        131
FT                   /note="Nucleophile"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4P1"
FT   ACT_SITE        305
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4P1"
FT   ACT_SITE        307
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4P1"
SQ   SEQUENCE   400 AA;  45724 MW;  190B8EBA88717178 CRC64;
     MNSVDIGRYK RIINYLWDPE PRNDLPDEPI WCLGIRYPPN HRGWKTQDQD GSAQGQYEQK
     TIPTEKANEH QWPEEFLDDV ESRIWITYRS NFTPIPKPPN QEANPAMTLT VHLRSQLMDS
     QGFTSDTGWG CMIRSGQSLL ANAMLILLLG RDWRRGTEAG KEAQLLHQFA DHPEAPFSIH
     RFVQHGAEFC NKYPGEWFGP SATARCIQAL VAQQGSSELR VYITDDTADI YEDKFARIAQ
     AEHGDFIPTL ILVGTRLGID HVTPAYWDAL KEALQLPQSV GIAGGRPSAS HYFIGVHGQY
     LFYLDPHHTR PASLHQDVND TLTHEEVNTY HTRRLRRIHI KDMDPSMLIG FIIRSREDWT
     DWKTRILSGR GNSIVHILSE DTANHQARKE AIDEVEALDD