ATG4_LODEL
ID ATG4_LODEL Reviewed; 523 AA.
AC A5DSB4;
DT 05-FEB-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 12-JUN-2007, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 66.
DE RecName: Full=Probable cysteine protease ATG4;
DE EC=3.4.22.-;
DE AltName: Full=Autophagy-related protein 4;
GN Name=ATG4; ORFNames=LELG_00250;
OS Lodderomyces elongisporus (strain ATCC 11503 / CBS 2605 / JCM 1781 / NBRC
OS 1676 / NRRL YB-4239) (Yeast) (Saccharomyces elongisporus).
OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes;
OC Saccharomycetales; Debaryomycetaceae; Candida/Lodderomyces clade;
OC Lodderomyces.
OX NCBI_TaxID=379508;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=ATCC 11503 / BCRC 21390 / CBS 2605 / JCM 1781 / NBRC 1676 / NRRL
RC YB-4239;
RX PubMed=19465905; DOI=10.1038/nature08064;
RA Butler G., Rasmussen M.D., Lin M.F., Santos M.A.S., Sakthikumar S.,
RA Munro C.A., Rheinbay E., Grabherr M., Forche A., Reedy J.L., Agrafioti I.,
RA Arnaud M.B., Bates S., Brown A.J.P., Brunke S., Costanzo M.C.,
RA Fitzpatrick D.A., de Groot P.W.J., Harris D., Hoyer L.L., Hube B.,
RA Klis F.M., Kodira C., Lennard N., Logue M.E., Martin R., Neiman A.M.,
RA Nikolaou E., Quail M.A., Quinn J., Santos M.C., Schmitzberger F.F.,
RA Sherlock G., Shah P., Silverstein K.A.T., Skrzypek M.S., Soll D.,
RA Staggs R., Stansfield I., Stumpf M.P.H., Sudbery P.E., Srikantha T.,
RA Zeng Q., Berman J., Berriman M., Heitman J., Gow N.A.R., Lorenz M.C.,
RA Birren B.W., Kellis M., Cuomo C.A.;
RT "Evolution of pathogenicity and sexual reproduction in eight Candida
RT genomes.";
RL Nature 459:657-662(2009).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Cysteine protease that plays a key role in cytoplasm to
CC vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy by mediating both proteolytic
CC activation and delipidation of ATG8. Required for selective autophagic
CC degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which
CC contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by
CC eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular
CC energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. The protease
CC activity is required for proteolytic activation of ATG8: cleaves the C-
CC terminal amino acid of ATG8 to reveal a C-terminal glycine. ATG8
CC ubiquitin-like activity requires the exposure of the glycine at the C-
CC terminus for its conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and its
CC insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy. The ATG8-PE
CC conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates
CC membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the autophagosomal
CC membrane during autophagy. In addition to the protease activity, also
CC catalyzes deconjugation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 during
CC macroautophagy: ATG8 delipidation is required to release the protein
CC from membranes, which facilitates multiple events during
CC macroautophagy, and especially for efficient autophagosome biogenesis,
CC the assembly of ATG9-containing tubulovesicular clusters into
CC phagophores/autophagosomes, and for the disassembly of PAS-associated
CC ATG components. ATG8 delipidation by ATG4 also recycles ATG8-PE
CC generated on inappropriate membranes to maintain a reservoir of
CC unlipidated ATG8 that is required for autophagosome formation at the
CC PAS. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=[protein]-C-terminal L-amino acid-glycyl-
CC phosphatidylethanolamide + H2O = [protein]-C-terminal L-amino acid-
CC glycine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine;
CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67548, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:17323, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:17324,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:64612, ChEBI:CHEBI:172940,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:172941; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:67549;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867};
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}. Nucleus
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}. Preautophagosomal structure
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P53867}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C54 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; CH981524; EDK42072.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; XP_001527730.1; XM_001527680.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; A5DSB4; -.
DR SMR; A5DSB4; -.
DR STRING; 379508.A5DSB4; -.
DR MEROPS; C54.001; -.
DR EnsemblFungi; EDK42072; EDK42072; LELG_00250.
DR GeneID; 5234798; -.
DR KEGG; lel:LELG_00250; -.
DR VEuPathDB; FungiDB:LELG_00250; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG2674; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_021259_5_2_1; -.
DR InParanoid; A5DSB4; -.
DR OMA; KILHFHP; -.
DR OrthoDB; 431748at2759; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000001996; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0000407; C:phagophore assembly site; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0008234; F:cysteine-type peptidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006914; P:autophagy; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0015031; P:protein transport; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006508; P:proteolysis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR038765; Papain-like_cys_pep_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR005078; Peptidase_C54.
DR PANTHER; PTHR22624; PTHR22624; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03416; Peptidase_C54; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF54001; SSF54001; 1.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Autophagy; Cytoplasm; Hydrolase; Nucleus; Protease; Protein transport;
KW Reference proteome; Thiol protease; Transport.
FT CHAIN 1..523
FT /note="Probable cysteine protease ATG4"
FT /id="PRO_0000317839"
FT REGION 77..104
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 279..316
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 90..104
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT ACT_SITE 187
FT /note="Nucleophile"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4P1"
FT ACT_SITE 407
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4P1"
FT ACT_SITE 409
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4P1"
SQ SEQUENCE 523 AA; 58443 MW; C490AF7591014BD7 CRC64;
MSLMSDDSEV FVQAPTVANA ELNIEAKPEA NAQVNAEADS DANLGNNLGE QQTTDESAFG
RNIGKFTAFV KEITGSGTEV EEQEKRNNHT ISVDPSSNHE NTSFEPTTYK ILGRTYTSTT
DASARVQELL WLSYRCGFEP IPKSDDGPQP ITFFPSIVFN RLTLVNLSNL RSLLDKDHFT
SDAGWGCMIR TSQNLLANAL LRLFHTTGGQ PQNFAVTKTE ADVIELFQDT LSAPFSLHNF
IKAANSLSLN IKPGQWFGPS AASLSIKKLV NDYNLIQQER RSERDSGRDS GHKVPTPNLK
LHSKSADSDS DSDSDAISKR NSIPYVYVSE NCDLYDDEIN AIFELEQRPI LFLFPIRLGI
EQVNKYYYSS ILQILASKFS VGIAGGKPSS SFYFIGYEGE DDLIYFDPHL PQIVQTPVNL
ESYHTSEYSK LKIDQLDPSM MIGILIETID EYQEFKMSCF ESDNKILHFH PLVTTAPRES
SINQSWEEVQ GEEEFVNLNI VKNEEDFVDL GSASTQGQNH EPS
