ID   PSY1_ORYSJ              Reviewed;         420 AA.
AC   Q5Z5B7; Q6KBZ6;
DT   12-SEP-2018, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   23-NOV-2004, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 127.
DE   RecName: Full=Phytoene synthase 1, chloroplastic {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15247400};
DE            Short=OsPSY1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18326788};
DE            EC=2.5.1.32 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15793573};
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=PSY1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15247400};
GN   OrderedLocusNames=Os06g0729000 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:BAF20561.1};
GN   ORFNames=OsJ_22735 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:EAZ38360.1},
GN   OSJNBa0069C14.4-1 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:BAD62106.1};
OS   Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BOP clade;
OC   Oryzoideae; Oryzeae; Oryzinae; Oryza; Oryza sativa.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=39947;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY.
RX   PubMed=15793573; DOI=10.1038/nbt1082;
RA   Paine J.A., Shipton C.A., Chaggar S., Howells R.M., Kennedy M.J.,
RA   Vernon G., Wright S.Y., Hinchliffe E., Adams J.L., Silverstone A.L.,
RA   Drake R.;
RT   "Improving the nutritional value of Golden Rice through increased pro-
RT   vitamin A content.";
RL   Nat. Biotechnol. 23:482-487(2005).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=19885651; DOI=10.1007/s00122-009-1188-x;
RA   Fu Z., Yan J., Zheng Y., Warburton M.L., Crouch J.H., Li J.S.;
RT   "Nucleotide diversity and molecular evolution of the PSY1 gene in Zea mays
RT   compared to some other grass species.";
RL   Theor. Appl. Genet. 120:709-720(2010).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX   PubMed=16100779; DOI=10.1038/nature03895;
RG   International rice genome sequencing project (IRGSP);
RT   "The map-based sequence of the rice genome.";
RL   Nature 436:793-800(2005).
RN   [4]
RP   GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX   PubMed=18089549; DOI=10.1093/nar/gkm978;
RG   The rice annotation project (RAP);
RT   "The rice annotation project database (RAP-DB): 2008 update.";
RL   Nucleic Acids Res. 36:D1028-D1033(2008).
RN   [5]
RP   GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX   PubMed=24280374; DOI=10.1186/1939-8433-6-4;
RA   Kawahara Y., de la Bastide M., Hamilton J.P., Kanamori H., McCombie W.R.,
RA   Ouyang S., Schwartz D.C., Tanaka T., Wu J., Zhou S., Childs K.L.,
RA   Davidson R.M., Lin H., Quesada-Ocampo L., Vaillancourt B., Sakai H.,
RA   Lee S.S., Kim J., Numa H., Itoh T., Buell C.R., Matsumoto T.;
RT   "Improvement of the Oryza sativa Nipponbare reference genome using next
RT   generation sequence and optical map data.";
RL   Rice 6:4-4(2013).
RN   [6]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX   PubMed=15685292; DOI=10.1371/journal.pbio.0030038;
RA   Yu J., Wang J., Lin W., Li S., Li H., Zhou J., Ni P., Dong W., Hu S.,
RA   Zeng C., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Li R., Xu Z., Li S., Li X., Zheng H., Cong L.,
RA   Lin L., Yin J., Geng J., Li G., Shi J., Liu J., Lv H., Li J., Wang J.,
RA   Deng Y., Ran L., Shi X., Wang X., Wu Q., Li C., Ren X., Wang J., Wang X.,
RA   Li D., Liu D., Zhang X., Ji Z., Zhao W., Sun Y., Zhang Z., Bao J., Han Y.,
RA   Dong L., Ji J., Chen P., Wu S., Liu J., Xiao Y., Bu D., Tan J., Yang L.,
RA   Ye C., Zhang J., Xu J., Zhou Y., Yu Y., Zhang B., Zhuang S., Wei H.,
RA   Liu B., Lei M., Yu H., Li Y., Xu H., Wei S., He X., Fang L., Zhang Z.,
RA   Zhang Y., Huang X., Su Z., Tong W., Li J., Tong Z., Li S., Ye J., Wang L.,
RA   Fang L., Lei T., Chen C.-S., Chen H.-C., Xu Z., Li H., Huang H., Zhang F.,
RA   Xu H., Li N., Zhao C., Li S., Dong L., Huang Y., Li L., Xi Y., Qi Q.,
RA   Li W., Zhang B., Hu W., Zhang Y., Tian X., Jiao Y., Liang X., Jin J.,
RA   Gao L., Zheng W., Hao B., Liu S.-M., Wang W., Yuan L., Cao M.,
RA   McDermott J., Samudrala R., Wang J., Wong G.K.-S., Yang H.;
RT   "The genomes of Oryza sativa: a history of duplications.";
RL   PLoS Biol. 3:266-281(2005).
RN   [7]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX   PubMed=12869764; DOI=10.1126/science.1081288;
RG   The rice full-length cDNA consortium;
RT   "Collection, mapping, and annotation of over 28,000 cDNA clones from
RT   japonica rice.";
RL   Science 301:376-379(2003).
RN   [8]
RP   TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   PubMed=15247400; DOI=10.1104/pp.104.039818;
RA   Gallagher C.E., Matthews P.D., Li F., Wurtzel E.T.;
RT   "Gene duplication in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway preceded evolution
RT   of the grasses.";
RL   Plant Physiol. 135:1776-1783(2004).
RN   [9]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION.
RX   PubMed=18326788; DOI=10.1104/pp.108.117028;
RA   Welsch R., Wuest F., Baer C., Al-Babili S., Beyer P.;
RT   "A third phytoene synthase is devoted to abiotic stress-induced abscisic
RT   acid formation in rice and defines functional diversification of phytoene
RT   synthase genes.";
RL   Plant Physiol. 147:367-380(2008).
RN   [10]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX   PubMed=23023170; DOI=10.1105/tpc.112.104174;
RA   Shumskaya M., Bradbury L.M., Monaco R.R., Wurtzel E.T.;
RT   "Plastid localization of the key carotenoid enzyme phytoene synthase is
RT   altered by isozyme, allelic variation, and activity.";
RL   Plant Cell 24:3725-3741(2012).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to
CC       phytoene. Mediates the first committed step in carotenoid biosynthesis.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15793573}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=2 (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = 15-cis-phytoene + 2
CC         diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:34475, ChEBI:CHEBI:27787,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:58756; EC=2.5.1.32;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15793573};
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast membrane
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18326788}; Peripheral membrane protein
CC       {ECO:0000305}. Plastid, chloroplast, plastoglobule
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23023170}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in leaves (PubMed:15247400,
CC       PubMed:18326788). Highly expressed in developing leaves. Expressed at
CC       low levels in roots (PubMed:18326788). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15247400,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:18326788}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Induced by salt stress and abscisic acid (ABA) in roots.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15247400}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
CC       {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AJ715786; CAG29391.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; FJ971175; ACY70858.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; FJ971176; ACY70859.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AP005750; BAD62106.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AP008212; BAF20561.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AP014962; BAS99629.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CM000143; EAZ38360.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AK070716; BAG92106.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; XP_015642513.1; XM_015787027.1.
DR   RefSeq; XP_015642514.1; XM_015787028.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q5Z5B7; -.
DR   SMR; Q5Z5B7; -.
DR   STRING; 4530.OS06T0729000-01; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q5Z5B7; -.
DR   PRIDE; Q5Z5B7; -.
DR   EnsemblPlants; Os06t0729000-01; Os06t0729000-01; Os06g0729000.
DR   GeneID; 4342137; -.
DR   Gramene; Os06t0729000-01; Os06t0729000-01; Os06g0729000.
DR   KEGG; osa:4342137; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG1459; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_037269_2_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q5Z5B7; -.
DR   OMA; WLLYAWC; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1463212at2759; -.
DR   PlantReactome; R-OSA-1119449; Carotenoid biosynthesis.
DR   Proteomes; UP000000763; Chromosome 6.
DR   Proteomes; UP000007752; Chromosome 6.
DR   Proteomes; UP000059680; Chromosome 6.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; Q5Z5B7; baseline and differential.
DR   GO; GO:0031969; C:chloroplast membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0010287; C:plastoglobule; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0046905; F:15-cis-phytoene synthase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0004311; F:farnesyltranstransferase activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0016767; F:geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyltransferase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0016117; P:carotenoid biosynthetic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   CDD; cd00683; Trans_IPPS_HH; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 1.10.600.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR008949; Isoprenoid_synthase_dom_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR002060; Squ/phyt_synthse.
DR   InterPro; IPR019845; Squalene/phytoene_synthase_CS.
DR   InterPro; IPR044843; Trans_IPPS_bact-type.
DR   InterPro; IPR033904; Trans_IPPS_HH.
DR   Pfam; PF00494; SQS_PSY; 1.
DR   SFLD; SFLDG01212; Phytoene_synthase_like; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF48576; SSF48576; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS01044; SQUALEN_PHYTOEN_SYN_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS01045; SQUALEN_PHYTOEN_SYN_2; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Carotenoid biosynthesis; Chloroplast; Isoprene biosynthesis; Membrane;
KW   Plastid; Reference proteome; Transferase; Transit peptide.
FT   TRANSIT         1..70
FT                   /note="Chloroplast"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CHAIN           71..420
FT                   /note="Phytoene synthase 1, chloroplastic"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000444952"
SQ   SEQUENCE   420 AA;  47583 MW;  8E7D53BAB879B9B5 CRC64;
     MAAITLLRSA SLPGLSDALA RDAAAVQHVC SSYLPNNKEK KRRWILCSLK YACLGVDPAP
     GEIARTSPVY SSLTVTPAGE AVISSEQKVY DVVLKQAALL KRHLRPQPHT IPIVPKDLDL
     PRNGLKQAYH RCGEICEEYA KTFYLGTMLM TEDRRRAIWA IYVWCRRTDE LVDGPNASHI
     TPSALDRWEK RLDDLFTGRP YDMLDAALSD TISKFPIDIQ PFRDMIEGMR SDLRKTRYKN
     FDELYMYCYY VAGTVGLMSV PVMGIAPESK ATTESVYSAA LALGIANQLT NILRDVGEDA
     RRGRIYLPQD ELAEAGLSDE DIFNGVVTNK WRSFMKRQIK RARMFFEEAE RGVTELSQAS
     RWPVWASLLL YRQILDEIEA NDYNNFTKRA YVGKAKKLLA LPVAYGRSLL MPYSLRNSQK