PSY2_MAIZE
ID PSY2_MAIZE Reviewed; 402 AA.
AC Q6EI12; Q6ED37;
DT 12-SEP-2018, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 16-AUG-2004, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 111.
DE RecName: Full=Phytoene synthase 2, chloroplastic {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15247400};
DE Short=ZmPSY2 {ECO:0000305};
DE EC=2.5.1.32 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15247400};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=PSY2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15247400};
GN ORFNames=ZEAMMB73_Zm00001d012394 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AQK99438.1};
OS Zea mays (Maize).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; PACMAD clade;
OC Panicoideae; Andropogonodae; Andropogoneae; Tripsacinae; Zea.
OX NCBI_TaxID=4577;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, AND
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=15247400; DOI=10.1104/pp.104.039818;
RA Gallagher C.E., Matthews P.D., Li F., Wurtzel E.T.;
RT "Gene duplication in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway preceded evolution
RT of the grasses.";
RL Plant Physiol. 135:1776-1783(2004).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Leaf;
RA Zhu C., Wurtzel E.T.;
RT "Zea mays phytoene synthase 2 (PSY2) mRNA, complete cds.";
RL Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. B73;
RX PubMed=19965430; DOI=10.1126/science.1178534;
RA Schnable P.S., Ware D., Fulton R.S., Stein J.C., Wei F., Pasternak S.,
RA Liang C., Zhang J., Fulton L., Graves T.A., Minx P., Reily A.D.,
RA Courtney L., Kruchowski S.S., Tomlinson C., Strong C., Delehaunty K.,
RA Fronick C., Courtney B., Rock S.M., Belter E., Du F., Kim K., Abbott R.M.,
RA Cotton M., Levy A., Marchetto P., Ochoa K., Jackson S.M., Gillam B.,
RA Chen W., Yan L., Higginbotham J., Cardenas M., Waligorski J., Applebaum E.,
RA Phelps L., Falcone J., Kanchi K., Thane T., Scimone A., Thane N., Henke J.,
RA Wang T., Ruppert J., Shah N., Rotter K., Hodges J., Ingenthron E.,
RA Cordes M., Kohlberg S., Sgro J., Delgado B., Mead K., Chinwalla A.,
RA Leonard S., Crouse K., Collura K., Kudrna D., Currie J., He R.,
RA Angelova A., Rajasekar S., Mueller T., Lomeli R., Scara G., Ko A.,
RA Delaney K., Wissotski M., Lopez G., Campos D., Braidotti M., Ashley E.,
RA Golser W., Kim H., Lee S., Lin J., Dujmic Z., Kim W., Talag J., Zuccolo A.,
RA Fan C., Sebastian A., Kramer M., Spiegel L., Nascimento L., Zutavern T.,
RA Miller B., Ambroise C., Muller S., Spooner W., Narechania A., Ren L.,
RA Wei S., Kumari S., Faga B., Levy M.J., McMahan L., Van Buren P.,
RA Vaughn M.W., Ying K., Yeh C.-T., Emrich S.J., Jia Y., Kalyanaraman A.,
RA Hsia A.-P., Barbazuk W.B., Baucom R.S., Brutnell T.P., Carpita N.C.,
RA Chaparro C., Chia J.-M., Deragon J.-M., Estill J.C., Fu Y., Jeddeloh J.A.,
RA Han Y., Lee H., Li P., Lisch D.R., Liu S., Liu Z., Nagel D.H., McCann M.C.,
RA SanMiguel P., Myers A.M., Nettleton D., Nguyen J., Penning B.W.,
RA Ponnala L., Schneider K.L., Schwartz D.C., Sharma A., Soderlund C.,
RA Springer N.M., Sun Q., Wang H., Waterman M., Westerman R., Wolfgruber T.K.,
RA Yang L., Yu Y., Zhang L., Zhou S., Zhu Q., Bennetzen J.L., Dawe R.K.,
RA Jiang J., Jiang N., Presting G.G., Wessler S.R., Aluru S.,
RA Martienssen R.A., Clifton S.W., McCombie W.R., Wing R.A., Wilson R.K.;
RT "The B73 maize genome: complexity, diversity, and dynamics.";
RL Science 326:1112-1115(2009).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. B73;
RX PubMed=19936069; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1000740;
RA Soderlund C., Descour A., Kudrna D., Bomhoff M., Boyd L., Currie J.,
RA Angelova A., Collura K., Wissotski M., Ashley E., Morrow D., Fernandes J.,
RA Walbot V., Yu Y.;
RT "Sequencing, mapping, and analysis of 27,455 maize full-length cDNAs.";
RL PLoS Genet. 5:E1000740-E1000740(2009).
RN [5]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=23023170; DOI=10.1105/tpc.112.104174;
RA Shumskaya M., Bradbury L.M., Monaco R.R., Wurtzel E.T.;
RT "Plastid localization of the key carotenoid enzyme phytoene synthase is
RT altered by isozyme, allelic variation, and activity.";
RL Plant Cell 24:3725-3741(2012).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to
CC phytoene. Mediates the first committed step in carotenoid biosynthesis.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15247400}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=2 (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = 15-cis-phytoene + 2
CC diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:34475, ChEBI:CHEBI:27787,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:58756; EC=2.5.1.32;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15247400};
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast, plastoglobule
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23023170}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in leaves and endosperm.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15247400}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AY325302; AAQ91837.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY450646; AAS02284.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY773476; AAX13807.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; CM000784; AQK99438.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT039824; ACF84829.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BT053947; ACL52554.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001108117.1; NM_001114645.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q6EI12; -.
DR SMR; Q6EI12; -.
DR STRING; 4577.GRMZM2G149317_P01; -.
DR PaxDb; Q6EI12; -.
DR PRIDE; Q6EI12; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; Zm00001eb367770_T001; Zm00001eb367770_P001; Zm00001eb367770.
DR GeneID; 542686; -.
DR Gramene; Zm00001eb367770_T001; Zm00001eb367770_P001; Zm00001eb367770.
DR KEGG; zma:542686; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG1459; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_037269_2_0_1; -.
DR OMA; KLYCYRV; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1463212at2759; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000007305; Chromosome 8.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q6EI12; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0010287; C:plastoglobule; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0046905; F:15-cis-phytoene synthase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0004311; F:farnesyltranstransferase activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0016767; F:geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyltransferase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016117; P:carotenoid biosynthetic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR CDD; cd00683; Trans_IPPS_HH; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.600.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR008949; Isoprenoid_synthase_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR002060; Squ/phyt_synthse.
DR InterPro; IPR019845; Squalene/phytoene_synthase_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR044843; Trans_IPPS_bact-type.
DR InterPro; IPR033904; Trans_IPPS_HH.
DR Pfam; PF00494; SQS_PSY; 1.
DR SFLD; SFLDG01212; Phytoene_synthase_like; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF48576; SSF48576; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS01045; SQUALEN_PHYTOEN_SYN_2; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Carotenoid biosynthesis; Chloroplast; Isoprene biosynthesis; Plastid;
KW Reference proteome; Transferase; Transit peptide.
FT TRANSIT 1..54
FT /note="Chloroplast"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 55..402
FT /note="Phytoene synthase 2, chloroplastic"
FT /id="PRO_0000444950"
FT REGION 20..54
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 36
FT /note="A -> V (in Ref. 1; AAS02284)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 62
FT /note="P -> PAV (in Ref. 1; AAS02284)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 402 AA; 45074 MW; 2AE2A21222285810 CRC64;
MAAGSSAVWA AQHPACSGGK FHHLSPSHSH CRPRRALQTP PALPARRSGA SPPRASLAAA
APAVAVRTAS EEAVYEVVLR QAALVEAATP QRRRTRQPRW AEEEEEERVL GWGLLGDAYD
RCGEVCAEYA KTFYLGTQLM TPERRKAVWA IYVWCRRTDE LVDGPNASYI TPTALDRWEK
RLEDLFEGRP YDMYDAALSD TVSKFPVDIQ PFKDMVQGMR LDLWKSRYMT FDELYLYCYY
VAGTVGLMTV PVMGIAPDSK ASTESVYNAA LALGIANQLT NILRDVGEDA RRGRIYLPLD
ELAQAGLTEE DIFRGKVTGK WRRFMKGQIQ RARLFFDEAE KGVTHLDSAS RWPVLASLWL
YRQILDAIEA NDYNNFTKRA YVGKAKKLLS LPLAYARAAV AP
