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PYRG_PROM2
ID   PYRG_PROM2              Reviewed;         536 AA.
AC   A8G7J4;
DT   14-APR-2009, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   13-NOV-2007, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 91.
DE   RecName: Full=CTP synthase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
DE            EC=6.3.4.2 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
DE   AltName: Full=Cytidine 5'-triphosphate synthase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
DE   AltName: Full=Cytidine triphosphate synthetase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
DE            Short=CTP synthetase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
DE            Short=CTPS {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
DE   AltName: Full=UTP--ammonia ligase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
GN   Name=pyrG {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227}; OrderedLocusNames=P9215_19621;
OS   Prochlorococcus marinus (strain MIT 9215).
OC   Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Synechococcales; Prochlorococcaceae;
OC   Prochlorococcus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=93060;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=MIT 9215;
RX   PubMed=18159947; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.0030231;
RA   Kettler G.C., Martiny A.C., Huang K., Zucker J., Coleman M.L., Rodrigue S.,
RA   Chen F., Lapidus A., Ferriera S., Johnson J., Steglich C., Church G.M.,
RA   Richardson P., Chisholm S.W.;
RT   "Patterns and implications of gene gain and loss in the evolution of
RT   Prochlorococcus.";
RL   PLoS Genet. 3:2515-2528(2007).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with
CC       either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen. Regulates
CC       intracellular CTP levels through interactions with the four
CC       ribonucleotide triphosphates. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=ATP + H2O + L-glutamine + UTP = ADP + CTP + 2 H(+) + L-
CC         glutamate + phosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26426, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:37563, ChEBI:CHEBI:43474, ChEBI:CHEBI:46398,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:58359, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=6.3.4.2;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=H2O + L-glutamine = L-glutamate + NH4(+);
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15889, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:58359; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_01227};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=ATP + NH4(+) + UTP = ADP + CTP + 2 H(+) + phosphate;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16597, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:37563, ChEBI:CHEBI:43474,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:46398, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_01227};
CC   -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Allosterically activated by GTP, when glutamine is
CC       the substrate; GTP has no effect on the reaction when ammonia is the
CC       substrate. The allosteric effector GTP functions by stabilizing the
CC       protein conformation that binds the tetrahedral intermediate(s) formed
CC       during glutamine hydrolysis. Inhibited by the product CTP, via
CC       allosteric rather than competitive inhibition. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC       Rule:MF_01227}.
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Pyrimidine metabolism; CTP biosynthesis via de novo pathway;
CC       CTP from UDP: step 2/2. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homotetramer. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: CTPSs have evolved a hybrid strategy for distinguishing
CC       between UTP and CTP. The overlapping regions of the product feedback
CC       inhibitory and substrate sites recognize a common feature in both
CC       compounds, the triphosphate moiety. To differentiate isosteric
CC       substrate and product pyrimidine rings, an additional pocket far from
CC       the expected kinase/ligase catalytic site, specifically recognizes the
CC       cytosine and ribose portions of the product inhibitor.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CTP synthase family. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC       Rule:MF_01227}.
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DR   EMBL; CP000825; ABV51575.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; WP_012008562.1; NC_009840.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; A8G7J4; -.
DR   SMR; A8G7J4; -.
DR   STRING; 93060.P9215_19621; -.
DR   PRIDE; A8G7J4; -.
DR   EnsemblBacteria; ABV51575; ABV51575; P9215_19621.
DR   KEGG; pmh:P9215_19621; -.
DR   eggNOG; COG0504; Bacteria.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_011675_5_0_3; -.
DR   OMA; EFNNAYR; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 783657at2; -.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00159; UER00277.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002014; Chromosome.
DR   GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0003883; F:CTP synthase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR   GO; GO:0004359; F:glutaminase activity; IEA:RHEA.
DR   GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0044210; P:'de novo' CTP biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway.
DR   GO; GO:0006541; P:glutamine metabolic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   CDD; cd03113; CTPS_N; 1.
DR   CDD; cd01746; GATase1_CTP_Synthase; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.50.300; -; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.50.880; -; 1.
DR   HAMAP; MF_01227; PyrG; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR029062; Class_I_gatase-like.
DR   InterPro; IPR004468; CTP_synthase.
DR   InterPro; IPR017456; CTP_synthase_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR017926; GATASE.
DR   InterPro; IPR033828; GATase1_CTP_Synthase.
DR   InterPro; IPR027417; P-loop_NTPase.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11550; PTHR11550; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF06418; CTP_synth_N; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00117; GATase; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF52317; SSF52317; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF52540; SSF52540; 1.
DR   TIGRFAMs; TIGR00337; PyrG; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51273; GATASE_TYPE_1; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   ATP-binding; Glutamine amidotransferase; Ligase; Magnesium; Metal-binding;
KW   Nucleotide-binding; Pyrimidine biosynthesis.
FT   CHAIN           1..536
FT                   /note="CTP synthase"
FT                   /id="PRO_1000139523"
FT   DOMAIN          292..534
FT                   /note="Glutamine amidotransferase type-1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   REGION          1..267
FT                   /note="Amidoligase domain"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   ACT_SITE        381
FT                   /note="Nucleophile; for glutamine hydrolysis"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   ACT_SITE        507
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   ACT_SITE        509
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         13
FT                   /ligand="CTP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:37563"
FT                   /ligand_note="allosteric inhibitor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         13
FT                   /ligand="UTP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:46398"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         14..19
FT                   /ligand="ATP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         71
FT                   /ligand="ATP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         71
FT                   /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         141
FT                   /ligand="Mg(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18420"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         148..150
FT                   /ligand="CTP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:37563"
FT                   /ligand_note="allosteric inhibitor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         188..193
FT                   /ligand="CTP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:37563"
FT                   /ligand_note="allosteric inhibitor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         188..193
FT                   /ligand="UTP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:46398"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         224
FT                   /ligand="CTP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:37563"
FT                   /ligand_note="allosteric inhibitor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         224
FT                   /ligand="UTP"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:46398"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         354
FT                   /ligand="L-glutamine"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58359"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         382..385
FT                   /ligand="L-glutamine"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58359"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         405
FT                   /ligand="L-glutamine"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58359"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
FT   BINDING         462
FT                   /ligand="L-glutamine"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58359"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_01227"
SQ   SEQUENCE   536 AA;  59433 MW;  BE0B8B59EA12E1BB CRC64;
     MSKFVFVTGG VVSSIGKGIV AASLGRLLKS RGYSVSILKL DPYLNVDPGT MSPFQHGEVF
     VTEDGAETDL DLGHYERFTD TAMTRLNSVT TGSIYQAVIN KERRGSYNGG TVQVIPHITG
     EIRERIHRVA ANSNADIIIT EIGGTVGDIE SLPFLEAIRE FKNDVNRNDV AYIHVTLLPF
     IKTSGEIKTK PTQHSVKELR SIGIQPDLLV CRSDKSINEG LKKKLSGFCG VNIKSVIEAL
     DADSIYSVPL ALKKEGLCKE TLKYLELEDK ECDLKNWEAL IHNLRNPGDP IKVALVGKYI
     ELGDAYLSVV EALRHACIEK KASLDLHWVS AEMIEKGSAE TYLKEVDAIV VPGGFGNRGV
     NGKISAIKFA REKKIPFLGL CLGMQCAVIE WARNVANLPD ASSSELNPDT PNPVIHLLPE
     QEDVVDLGGT MRLGVYPCRL TNNTTGKKLY DEDVIYERHR HRYEFNNYYK QSFLNSGYKI
     SGTSPDGRLV ELIELENHPY FLACQYHPEF LSRPGKPHPL FQGLIKASQE KLTQSN
 
 
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