AAMA2_AMAFL
ID AAMA2_AMAFL Reviewed; 23 AA.
AC A0A023UCA6;
DT 28-MAR-2018, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 09-JUL-2014, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 9.
DE RecName: Full=Alpha-amanitin proprotein {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24613547};
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Alpha-amanitin {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24613547};
DE AltName: Full=Amatoxin {ECO:0000303|PubMed:24613547};
DE AltName: Full=Gamma-amanitin {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P85421};
DE Flags: Precursor; Fragment;
OS Amanita fuligineoides.
OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Basidiomycota; Agaricomycotina; Agaricomycetes;
OC Agaricomycetidae; Agaricales; Amanitaceae; Amanita.
OX NCBI_TaxID=580329;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=24613547; DOI=10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.02.020;
RA Li P., Deng W., Li T.;
RT "The molecular diversity of toxin gene families in lethal Amanita
RT mushrooms.";
RL Toxicon 83:59-68(2014).
RN [2]
RP REVIEW ON TOXICITY.
RX PubMed=12475187; DOI=10.1081/clt-120014646;
RA Enjalbert F., Rapior S., Nouguier-Soule J., Guillon S., Amouroux N.,
RA Cabot C.;
RT "Treatment of amatoxin poisoning: 20-year retrospective analysis.";
RL J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 40:715-757(2002).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Major toxin belonging to the bicyclic octapeptides amatoxins
CC that acts by binding non-competitively to RNA polymerase II and greatly
CC slowing the elongation of transcripts from target promoters
CC (PubMed:24613547). {ECO:0000305|PubMed:24613547}.
CC -!- PTM: Processed by the macrocyclase-peptidase enzyme POPB to yield a
CC toxic cyclic decapeptide (PubMed:24613547). POPB first removes 10
CC residues from the N-terminus (By similarity). Conformational trapping
CC of the remaining peptide forces the enzyme to release this intermediate
CC rather than proceed to macrocyclization (By similarity). The enzyme
CC rebinds the remaining peptide in a different conformation and catalyzes
CC macrocyclization of the N-terminal 8 residues (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A067SLB9, ECO:0000305|PubMed:24613547}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The typical symptoms of amatoxin poisoning are gastro-
CC intestinal distress beginning 6-12 hours after ingestion, a remission
CC phase lasting 12-24 hours, and progressive loss of liver function
CC culminating in death within 3-5 days (PubMed:12475187). One of the few
CC effective treatments is liver transplantation (PubMed:12475187).
CC {ECO:0000303|PubMed:12475187}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MSDIN fungal toxin family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; KF546284; AHX98308.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; A0A023UCA6; -.
DR GO; GO:0090729; F:toxin activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Hydroxylation; Thioether bond; Toxin.
FT PEPTIDE 1..8
FT /note="Alpha-amanitin"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A8W7M4"
FT /id="PRO_0000443576"
FT PROPEP 9..23
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A8W7M4"
FT /id="PRO_0000443577"
FT MOD_RES 1
FT /note="(3R,4R)-4,5-dihydroxyisoleucine; in form alpha-
FT amanitin"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P85421"
FT MOD_RES 1
FT /note="(3R,4S)-4-hydroxyisoleucine; in form gamma-amanitin"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P85421"
FT MOD_RES 8
FT /note="4-hydroxyproline"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P85421"
FT CROSSLNK 1..8
FT /note="Cyclopeptide (Ile-Pro)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A8W7M4"
FT CROSSLNK 2..6
FT /note="2'-cysteinyl-6'-hydroxytryptophan sulfoxide (Trp-
FT Cys)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P85421"
FT NON_TER 1
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 23 AA; 2375 MW; 2635A114ED3BC96B CRC64;
IWGIGCNPCV GDEVTALITR GEA
