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RLF23_ARATH
ID   RLF23_ARATH             Reviewed;         138 AA.
AC   Q9LUS7;
DT   28-NOV-2012, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-OCT-2000, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 103.
DE   RecName: Full=Rapid alkalinization factor 23;
DE            Short=AtRALF23;
DE   AltName: Full=Protein RALF-like 23;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=RALF23; Synonyms=RALFL23; OrderedLocusNames=At3g16570;
GN   ORFNames=MGL6.2;
OS   Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC   rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=10819329; DOI=10.1093/dnares/7.2.131;
RA   Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Tabata S.;
RT   "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence
RT   features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC
RT   clones.";
RL   DNA Res. 7:131-135(2000).
RN   [2]
RP   GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA   Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA   Town C.D.;
RT   "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT   genome.";
RL   Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX   PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA   Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA   Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA   Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA   Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA   Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA   Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA   Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA   Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA   Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA   Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA   Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA   Ecker J.R.;
RT   "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT   genome.";
RL   Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA   Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA   Feldmann K.A.;
RT   "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL   Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [5]
RP   GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE.
RX   PubMed=12611624;
RA   Olsen A.N., Mundy J., Skriver K.;
RT   "Peptomics, identification of novel cationic Arabidopsis peptides with
RT   conserved sequence motifs.";
RL   In Silico Biol. 2:441-451(2002).
RN   [6]
RP   FUNCTION, INDUCTION BY BRASSINOLIDE, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, CLEAVAGE BY
RP   SBT6.1, AND MUTAGENESIS OF 85-ARG-ARG-86.
RX   PubMed=19473327; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-313x.2009.03926.x;
RA   Srivastava R., Liu J.-X., Guo H., Yin Y., Howell S.H.;
RT   "Regulation and processing of a plant peptide hormone, AtRALF23, in
RT   Arabidopsis.";
RL   Plant J. 59:930-939(2009).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Cell signaling peptide that may regulate plant stress,
CC       growth, and development. Mediates a rapid alkalinization of
CC       extracellular space by mediating a transient increase in the
CC       cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration leading to a calcium-dependent
CC       signaling events through a cell surface receptor and a concomitant
CC       activation of some intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinases (By
CC       similarity). Regulates negatively brassinolide (BL)-mediated signaling
CC       pathway (e.g. BL-induced hypocotyl elongation and branching limitation)
CC       (PubMed:19473327). {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19473327}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: In very young seedlings, confined to the tips of
CC       the cotyledons. Later expressed in the cotyledon vasculature and
CC       petiole. Present in the tip of emerging leaves. In mature leaves,
CC       observed in the vasculature. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19473327}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Repressed by brassinolide (BL) treatment.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19473327}.
CC   -!- PTM: Proteolytically cleaved, probably by SBT6.1 (S1P), a subtilisin-
CC       like serine protease (subtilase). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19473327}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plant rapid alkalinization factor (RALF)
CC       family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AB022217; BAB02748.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002686; AEE75839.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002686; ANM65229.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CP002686; ANM65230.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AY048301; AAK82563.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AY072630; AAL62021.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AY084588; AAM61153.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001319570.1; NM_001338245.1.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001327214.1; NM_001338247.1.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001327215.1; NM_001338246.1.
DR   PDB; 6A5E; X-ray; 2.77 A; E/F=92-106.
DR   PDBsum; 6A5E; -.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q9LUS7; -.
DR   SMR; Q9LUS7; -.
DR   STRING; 3702.AT3G16570.1; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q9LUS7; -.
DR   PRIDE; Q9LUS7; -.
DR   ProteomicsDB; 228157; -.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT3G16570.1; AT3G16570.1; AT3G16570.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT3G16570.2; AT3G16570.2; AT3G16570.
DR   EnsemblPlants; AT3G16570.3; AT3G16570.3; AT3G16570.
DR   GeneID; 820907; -.
DR   Gramene; AT3G16570.1; AT3G16570.1; AT3G16570.
DR   Gramene; AT3G16570.2; AT3G16570.2; AT3G16570.
DR   Gramene; AT3G16570.3; AT3G16570.3; AT3G16570.
DR   KEGG; ath:AT3G16570; -.
DR   Araport; AT3G16570; -.
DR   TAIR; locus:2089323; AT3G16570.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG502S1TF; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_127895_1_2_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q9LUS7; -.
DR   OMA; YSNCEAQ; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1601238at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; Q9LUS7; -.
DR   PRO; PR:Q9LUS7; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 3.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; Q9LUS7; baseline and differential.
DR   Genevisible; Q9LUS7; AT.
DR   GO; GO:0048046; C:apoplast; ISS:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0005179; F:hormone activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0009742; P:brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0019722; P:calcium-mediated signaling; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0007267; P:cell-cell signaling; ISS:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0045926; P:negative regulation of growth; IMP:TAIR.
DR   GO; GO:0009741; P:response to brassinosteroid; IEP:TAIR.
DR   InterPro; IPR008801; RALF.
DR   Pfam; PF05498; RALF; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   3D-structure; Brassinosteroid signaling pathway; Disulfide bond; Hormone;
KW   Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT   SIGNAL          1..28
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   PROPEP          29..88
FT                   /note="Removed in mature form"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:19473327"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000420318"
FT   CHAIN           89..138
FT                   /note="Rapid alkalinization factor 23"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000420319"
FT   SITE            85..86
FT                   /note="Required for proteolytic cleavage"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:19473327"
FT   DISULFID        106..116
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        129..135
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MUTAGEN         85..86
FT                   /note="RR->GG: Loss of propeptide cleavage by kexin-like
FT                   convertase leading to an impaired activity."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:19473327"
FT   HELIX           96..99
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6A5E"
FT   HELIX           100..102
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:6A5E"
SQ   SEQUENCE   138 AA;  15049 MW;  074CBDF4DB385523 CRC64;
     MRGLSRNSGA AAIFAILLIL AVHNWSVAVS SQSTEFAGDF PPFETECRGT IAECSVSAAL
     GDGGDLFYGG GEMGEEFEMD SEINRRILAT RRYISYGALR RNTIPCSRRG ASYYNCRRGA
     QANPYSRGCS AITRCRRS
 
 
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