ID   RLR16_PLAVT             Reviewed;         265 AA.
AC   A0A182BSR9;
DT   08-MAY-2019, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   07-SEP-2016, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 12.
DE   RecName: Full=Secreted RxLR effector protein 16 {ECO:0000303|Ref.2};
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=RxLR16 {ECO:0000303|Ref.2};
OS   Plasmopara viticola (Downy mildew of grapevine) (Botrytis viticola).
OC   Eukaryota; Sar; Stramenopiles; Oomycota; Peronosporales; Peronosporaceae;
OC   Plasmopara.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=143451;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], INDUCTION, FUNCTION, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RC   STRAIN=ZJ-1-1;
RX   PubMed=27242731; DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2016.00709;
RA   Xiang J., Li X., Wu J., Yin L., Zhang Y., Lu J.;
RT   "Studying the mechanism of Plasmopara viticola RxLR effectors on
RT   suppressing plant immunity.";
RL   Front. Microbiol. 7:709-709(2016).
RN   [2]
RP   IDENTIFICATION, INDUCTION, AND DOMAIN.
RX   DOI=10.1016/j.pmpp.2015.05.002;
RA   Yin L., Li X., Xiang J., Qu J., Zhang Y., Dry I.B., Lu J.;
RT   "Characterization of the secretome of Plasmopara viticola by de novo
RT   transcriptome analysis.";
RL   Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 91:1-10(2015).
RN   [3]
RP   FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF ASN-170; ASN-219 AND
RP   ASN-240.
RX   PubMed=28410577; DOI=10.1186/s12870-017-1016-4;
RA   Xiang J., Li X., Yin L., Liu Y., Zhang Y., Qu J., Lu J.;
RT   "A candidate RxLR effector from Plasmopara viticola can elicit immune
RT   responses in Nicotiana benthamiana.";
RL   BMC Plant Biol. 17:75-75(2017).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Effector that acts as an elicitor that induces cell death and
CC       promotes ROS accumulation in Nicotian benthamiana (PubMed:27242731,
CC       PubMed:28410577). RxLR16-triggered cell death is dependent on SGT1,
CC       HSP90 and RAR1, but independent of the somatic embryogenesis receptor-
CC       like kinase SERK3/BAK1, indicating that it acts independently of the
CC       detection of cell surface pattern recognition receptors
CC       (PubMed:28410577). Enhances the expressional levels of defense-
CC       associated genes involved in the salicylic acid-, jasmonate acid-, and
CC       ethylene-mediated signal transduction, resulting in disease resistance
CC       (PubMed:28410577). However, as some other Plasmopara viticola RxLR
CC       effectors including RxLR1, RxLR10, RxLR30 and RxLR25, can suppress
CC       defense responses and disease resistance induced by RxLR16, it may not
CC       trigger host cell death or immune responses during physiological
CC       infection under natural conditions (PubMed:28410577).
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27242731, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28410577}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27242731}. Host
CC       nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27242731, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28410577}.
CC       Note=Host nuclear localization is required to elicit cell death.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28410577}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: Expression is up-regulated at the earlier infection stages.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27242731, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The RxLR-dEER motif acts to carry the protein into the host
CC       cell cytoplasm through binding to cell surface phosphatidylinositol-3-
CC       phosphate. {ECO:0000305|Ref.2}.
CC   -!- PTM: N-glycosylated (Probable). The putative N-glycosylation site at
CC       position 240 is essential for cell death-inducing activity
CC       (PubMed:28410577). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28410577,
CC       ECO:0000305|PubMed:28410577}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; KX010952; ANC73372.1; -; mRNA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; A0A182BSR9; -.
DR   GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0042025; C:host cell nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Glycoprotein; Host nucleus; Secreted; Signal; Virulence.
FT   SIGNAL          1..19
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CHAIN           20..265
FT                   /note="Secreted RxLR effector protein 16"
FT                   /id="PRO_5008116100"
FT   MOTIF           46..61
FT                   /note="RxLR-dEER"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305|Ref.2"
FT   CARBOHYD        170
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00498"
FT   CARBOHYD        219
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00498"
FT   CARBOHYD        240
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00498"
FT   MUTAGEN         170
FT                   /note="N->A: Does not affect host cell death-inducing
FT                   activity."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:28410577"
FT   MUTAGEN         219
FT                   /note="N->A: Does not affect host cell death-inducing
FT                   activity."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:28410577"
FT   MUTAGEN         240
FT                   /note="N->A: Impairs host cell death-inducing activity."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:28410577"
SQ   SEQUENCE   265 AA;  29612 MW;  A5FD127C085E6403 CRC64;
     MRGAFYIAIA LLIVRSRTAT GNAKSDVSRP YVVATGGEST KATPKRYLRG GLALSATNEE
     RMDATVLSKD AKALATEGED WLRLSLGPVG HSQTPQLKRK FDSLSAIDES SPSKKLATPD
     RAFTRRFRAE DPQLPKYSKI HQTFLNIPHM PHKISLTEAV LMYRMVNWKN GSSPTKQKSA
     EALLRLVERT SADDLERALG PTSVRLASQK KIRDEYFKNL TTMYARVHAF CHANPAECTN
     ESTHSPLERK MKAPPDIVLF PLFNR