ATTC_DROME
ID ATTC_DROME Reviewed; 241 AA.
AC Q95NH6; Q8ML72; Q95NK2; Q95UA2; Q95UA3; Q95UA4; Q95UA5; Q9GPI3; Q9GPI4;
DT 02-FEB-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-DEC-2001, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 114.
DE RecName: Full=Attacin-C {ECO:0000303|PubMed:11118328};
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Immune-induced peptide 16 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14744858};
DE Short=DIM-16 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14744858};
DE Short=DIM16 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9736738};
DE AltName: Full=MPAC {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14744858};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=AttC {ECO:0000303|PubMed:11118328, ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0041579};
GN Synonyms=IM16 {ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0041579};
GN ORFNames=CG4740 {ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0041579};
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23637.1};
RN [1] {ECO:0000305}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], AND INDUCTION.
RC STRAIN=Canton-S {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAG42833.2};
RX PubMed=11118328; DOI=10.1006/bbrc.2000.3988;
RA Hedengren M., Borge K., Hultmark D.;
RT "Expression and evolution of the Drosophila attacin/diptericin gene
RT family.";
RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 279:574-581(2000).
RN [2] {ECO:0000305}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS.
RC STRAIN=2CPA 1 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23629.1},
RC 2CPA 103 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23636.1},
RC 2CPA 105 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23637.1},
RC 2CPA 118 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23638.1},
RC 2CPA 12 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23631.1},
RC 2CPA 122 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23639.1},
RC 2CPA 129 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23640.1},
RC 2CPA 14 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23632.1},
RC 2CPA 43 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23633.1},
RC 2CPA 46 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23634.1},
RC 2CPA 51 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23635.1}, and
RC 2CPA 7 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAL23630.1};
RX PubMed=11606542; DOI=10.1093/genetics/159.2.659;
RA Lazzaro B.P., Clark A.G.;
RT "Evidence for recurrent paralogous gene conversion and exceptional allelic
RT divergence in the attacin genes of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Genetics 159:659-671(2001).
RN [3] {ECO:0000305}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10731132};
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [4] {ECO:0000305}
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [5]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 24-46, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY,
RP PYROGLUTAMATE FORMATION AT GLN-24, GLYCOSYLATION AT THR-39, ANTIMICROBIAL
RP ACTIVITY, AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RC STRAIN=Oregon-R {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14744858};
RC TISSUE=Hemolymph {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14744858};
RX PubMed=14744858; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m313608200;
RA Rabel D., Charlet M., Ehret-Sabatier L., Cavicchioli L., Cudic M.,
RA Otvos L. Jr., Bulet P.;
RT "Primary structure and in vitro antibacterial properties of the Drosophila
RT melanogaster attacin C Pro-domain.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:14853-14859(2004).
RN [6] {ECO:0000305}
RP MASS SPECTROMETRY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION
RP BY BACTERIA.
RC STRAIN=Oregon-R {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9736738};
RC TISSUE=Hemolymph {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9736738};
RX PubMed=9736738; DOI=10.1073/pnas.95.19.11342;
RA Uttenweiler-Joseph S., Moniatte M., Lagueux M., van Dorsselaer A.,
RA Hoffmann J.A., Bulet P.;
RT "Differential display of peptides induced during the immune response of
RT Drosophila: a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight
RT mass spectrometry study.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:11342-11347(1998).
RN [7]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY BACTERIA, AND
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RC TISSUE=Hemolymph {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16510152};
RX PubMed=16510152; DOI=10.1016/j.jinsphys.2005.12.007;
RA Verleyen P., Baggerman G., D'Hertog W., Vierstraete E., Husson S.J.,
RA Schoofs L.;
RT "Identification of new immune induced molecules in the haemolymph of
RT Drosophila melanogaster by 2D-nanoLC MS/MS.";
RL J. Insect Physiol. 52:379-388(2006).
RN [8]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-127, AND IDENTIFICATION BY
RP MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RC TISSUE=Embryo {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18327897};
RX PubMed=18327897; DOI=10.1021/pr700696a;
RA Zhai B., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Mintseris J., Gygi S.P.;
RT "Phosphoproteome analysis of Drosophila melanogaster embryos.";
RL J. Proteome Res. 7:1675-1682(2008).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Has antimicrobial activity in synergy with other peptides.
CC Strongest activity observed against E.cloacae.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14744858,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9736738}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Hemolymph (at protein level).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9736738}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: By bacterial infection (at protein level) (PubMed:9736738).
CC Detected within 24 hours of bacterial infection (PubMed:11118328).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11118328, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9736738}.
CC -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: [Immune-induced peptide 16]: Mass=2972.38;
CC Method=MALDI; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9736738, ECO:0000305};
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Not induced by bacterial challenge in imd mutant flies.
CC Level of induction reduced by over 90% in 18w mutant flies. Toll loss-
CC of-function mutation has no effect on induction by a mixture of E.coli
CC and M.luteus; but strongly reduces induction by E.cloacae.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11118328, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9736738}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the attacin/sarcotoxin-2 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- CAUTION: The Berkeley strain used in the genome project has an 8 bp
CC deletion relative to the Canton-S strain, which disrupts the open
CC reading frame. The Berkeley strain may carry a null allele of the AttC
CC gene. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AF322248; AAG42832.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF322249; AAG42833.2; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY056843; AAL23629.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056844; AAL23630.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056845; AAL23631.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056846; AAL23632.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056847; AAL23633.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056848; AAL23634.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056849; AAL23635.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056850; AAL23636.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056851; AAL23637.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056852; AAL23638.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056853; AAL23639.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY056854; AAL23640.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AE013599; AAM68570.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_523729.3; NM_079005.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q95NH6; -.
DR BioGRID; 62245; 2.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0297062; -.
DR GlyGen; Q95NH6; 1 site.
DR iPTMnet; Q95NH6; -.
DR PaxDb; Q95NH6; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0305795; FBpp0297062; FBgn0041579.
DR GeneID; 36484; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG4740; -.
DR CTD; 36484; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0041579; AttC.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0041579; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502SZ31; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_1163607_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q95NH6; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q95NH6; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 36484; 0 hits in 1 CRISPR screen.
DR GenomeRNAi; 36484; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q95NH6; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome 2R.
DR Bgee; FBgn0041579; Expressed in seminal fluid secreting gland and 18 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q95NH6; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q95NH6; DM.
DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0019731; P:antibacterial humoral response; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0006952; P:defense response; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0050830; P:defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0006959; P:humoral immune response; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0045087; P:innate immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0009617; P:response to bacterium; HEP:FlyBase.
DR InterPro; IPR005521; Attacin_C.
DR InterPro; IPR005520; Attacin_N.
DR Pfam; PF03769; Attacin_C; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03768; Attacin_N; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Antibiotic; Antimicrobial; Direct protein sequencing; Glycoprotein;
KW Immunity; Innate immunity; Phosphoprotein; Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid;
KW Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..21
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT PROPEP 22..23
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255, ECO:0000305"
FT /id="PRO_0000004897"
FT CHAIN 24..241
FT /note="Attacin-C"
FT /id="PRO_0000004898"
FT PEPTIDE 24..46
FT /note="Immune-induced peptide 16"
FT /id="PRO_0000004899"
FT MOD_RES 24
FT /note="Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14744858"
FT MOD_RES 127
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18327897"
FT CARBOHYD 39
FT /note="O-linked (GalNAc...) threonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14744858"
FT VARIANT 27..45
FT /note="Missing (in strain: Berkeley)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT VARIANT 165
FT /note="G -> E (in strain: Berkeley)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 4
FT /note="I -> T (in Ref. 2; AAL23633/AAL23634)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 8
FT /note="I -> F (in Ref. 2; AAL23640)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 84
FT /note="V -> L (in Ref. 2; AAL23635/AAL23638/AAL23639)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 173
FT /note="I -> V (in Ref. 1; AAG42833)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 239
FT /note="Y -> S (in Ref. 2; AAL23634/AAL23639)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 241 AA; 25535 MW; DA3DF6310219B1C1 CRC64;
MSKIVLLIVV IVGVLGSLAV ALPQRPYTQP LIYYPPPPTP PRIYRARRQV LGGSLTSNPS
GGADARLDLS KAVGTPDHHV IGQVFAAGNT QTKPVSTPVT SGATLGYNNH GHGLELTKTH
TPGVRDSFQQ TATANLFNNG VHNLDAKAFA SQNQLANGFK FDRNGAALDY SHIKGHGATL
THANIPGLGK QLELGGRANL WQSQDRNTRL DLGSTASKWT SGPFKGQTDL GANLGLSHYF
G
