AV238_PHYSP
ID AV238_PHYSP Reviewed; 134 AA.
AC G4ZBI3;
DT 08-MAY-2019, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 25-JAN-2012, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 27.
DE RecName: Full=RxLR effector protein Avh238 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30394556};
DE AltName: Full=Avirulence homolog protein 238 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30394556};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=Avh238; ORFNames=PHYSODRAFT_285342;
OS Phytophthora sojae (strain P6497) (Soybean stem and root rot agent)
OS (Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycines).
OC Eukaryota; Sar; Stramenopiles; Oomycota; Peronosporales; Peronosporaceae;
OC Phytophthora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=1094619;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=P6497;
RX PubMed=16946064; DOI=10.1126/science.1128796;
RA Tyler B.M., Tripathy S., Zhang X., Dehal P., Jiang R.H.Y., Aerts A.,
RA Arredondo F.D., Baxter L., Bensasson D., Beynon J.L., Chapman J.,
RA Damasceno C.M.B., Dorrance A.E., Dou D., Dickerman A.W., Dubchak I.L.,
RA Garbelotto M., Gijzen M., Gordon S.G., Govers F., Grunwald N.J., Huang W.,
RA Ivors K.L., Jones R.W., Kamoun S., Krampis K., Lamour K.H., Lee M.-K.,
RA McDonald W.H., Medina M., Meijer H.J.G., Nordberg E.K., Maclean D.J.,
RA Ospina-Giraldo M.D., Morris P.F., Phuntumart V., Putnam N.H., Rash S.,
RA Rose J.K.C., Sakihama Y., Salamov A.A., Savidor A., Scheuring C.F.,
RA Smith B.M., Sobral B.W.S., Terry A., Torto-Alalibo T.A., Win J., Xu Z.,
RA Zhang H., Grigoriev I.V., Rokhsar D.S., Boore J.L.;
RT "Phytophthora genome sequences uncover evolutionary origins and mechanisms
RT of pathogenesis.";
RL Science 313:1261-1266(2006).
RN [2]
RP IDENTIFICATION, FUNCTION, INDUCTION, AND DOMAIN.
RX PubMed=21653195; DOI=10.1105/tpc.111.086082;
RA Wang Q., Han C., Ferreira A.O., Yu X., Ye W., Tripathy S., Kale S.D.,
RA Gu B., Sheng Y., Sui Y., Wang X., Zhang Z., Cheng B., Dong S., Shan W.,
RA Zheng X., Dou D., Tyler B.M., Wang Y.;
RT "Transcriptional programming and functional interactions within the
RT Phytophthora sojae RXLR effector repertoire.";
RL Plant Cell 23:2064-2086(2011).
RN [3]
RP FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DOMAIN, AND MUTAGENESIS OF HIS-79.
RX PubMed=28134441; DOI=10.1111/nph.14430;
RA Yang B., Wang Q., Jing M., Guo B., Wu J., Wang H., Wang Y., Lin L.,
RA Wang Y., Ye W., Dong S., Wang Y.;
RT "Distinct regions of the Phytophthora essential effector Avh238 determine
RT its function in cell death activation and plant immunity suppression.";
RL New Phytol. 214:361-375(2017).
RN [4]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH HOST ACS1; ACS2; ACS3; ACS10 AND ACS12,
RP DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=30394556; DOI=10.1111/nph.15581;
RA Yang B., Wang Y., Guo B., Jing M., Zhou H., Li Y., Wang H., Huang J.,
RA Wang Y., Ye W., Dong S., Wang Y.;
RT "The Phytophthora sojae RXLR effector Avh238 destabilizes soybean type2
RT GmACSs to suppress ethylene biosynthesis and promote infection.";
RL New Phytol. 222:425-437(2019).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Effector that suppresses plant defense responses during the
CC early stages of pathogen infection. Suppresses cell death induced by
CC effectors and PAMPs in plant hosts (PubMed:21653195). Is able to
CC induced cell death in tomato, tobacco, eggplant, and potato, but not in
CC A.thaliana (PubMed:28134441). Interacts with and destabilizes host 1-
CC aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthases. By suppressing type2 ACS-
CC catalyzed ethylene biosynthesis, Avh238 facilitates Phytophthora
CC infection (PubMed:30394556). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21653195,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:28134441, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30394556}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with host 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate
CC synthases ACS1, ACS2, ACS3, ACS10 and ACS12.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30394556}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28134441,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:30394556}. Host cytoplasm
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28134441, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30394556}. Host
CC nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28134441}. Note=Avh238-triggered cell death
CC requires nuclear localization whereas cytoplasmic localization of
CC Avh238 is required for the suppression of INF1-induced cell death.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28134441}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Expression is strongly up-regulated during the early stages
CC of infection. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21653195}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The RxLR-dEER motif acts to carry the protein into the host
CC cell cytoplasm through binding to cell surface phosphatidylinositol-3-
CC phosphate. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:21653195}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Inhibits ethylene induction and promotes P.sojae
CC infection in soybean. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30394556}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Avh238 is highly polymorphic among P.sojae isolates.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28134441}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; JH159153; EGZ19905.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; XP_009522622.1; XM_009524327.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; G4ZBI3; -.
DR SMR; G4ZBI3; -.
DR EnsemblProtists; EGZ19905; EGZ19905; PHYSODRAFT_285342.
DR GeneID; 20640018; -.
DR KEGG; psoj:PHYSODRAFT_285342; -.
DR InParanoid; G4ZBI3; -.
DR OMA; GRITQKN; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000002640; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0030430; C:host cell cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0042025; C:host cell nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Host cytoplasm; Host nucleus; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal;
KW Virulence.
FT SIGNAL 1..21
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 22..134
FT /note="RxLR effector protein Avh238"
FT /id="PRO_5003472039"
FT REGION 49..70
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOTIF 44..68
FT /note="RxLR-dEER"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:21653195"
FT MUTAGEN 79
FT /note="H->N: Leads to the loss of the cell death-inducing
FT activity."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:28134441"
SQ SEQUENCE 134 AA; 14074 MW; 0E2D88845013D130 CRC64;
MRGVFFVAVA VAIFARSSAE AKLLSEAAPG LAADAVISGE SRERFLRVAD PEDDDLAAPA
DDGKTEERAP KFKSLNEIHK KLDEEDMVHV SKILGNMGAI HADNIAKARA ALKAAHESGA
TTANQLVAGL AKPV
