SAG21_ARATH
ID SAG21_ARATH Reviewed; 97 AA.
AC Q93WF6; A8MSE1; C0Z336; O81295;
DT 17-FEB-2016, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-DEC-2001, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 113.
DE RecName: Full=Protein SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 21, mitochondrial {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9617813};
DE AltName: Full=Late embryogenesis abundant like 5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17092320};
DE Short=AtLEA5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17092320};
DE AltName: Full=Late embryogenis abundant protein 38 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25005920};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=SAG21 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9617813};
GN Synonyms=LEA38 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25005920},
GN LEA5 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:17092320};
GN OrderedLocusNames=At4g02380 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT4G02380};
GN ORFNames=T14P8.2 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAC19273.1};
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND
RP INDUCTION BY DARK; OXIDANTS; DEHYDRATION AND ABSCISIC ACID.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=17092320; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02911.x;
RA Mowla S.B., Cuypers A., Driscoll S.P., Kiddle G., Thomson J., Foyer C.H.,
RA Theodoulou F.L.;
RT "Yeast complementation reveals a role for an Arabidopsis thaliana late
RT embryogenesis abundant (LEA)-like protein in oxidative stress tolerance.";
RL Plant J. 48:743-756(2006).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T.,
RA Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B.,
RA Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M.,
RA de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M.,
RA Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D.,
RA Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J.,
RA Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B.,
RA Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J.,
RA Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R.,
RA Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P.,
RA Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S.,
RA Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C.,
RA Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J.,
RA Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S.,
RA Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A.,
RA Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M.,
RA Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M.,
RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D.,
RA Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S.,
RA Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R.,
RA Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M.,
RA Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E.,
RA Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P.,
RA Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K.,
RA Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K.,
RA de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K.,
RA Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M.,
RA Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G.,
RA Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K.,
RA Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H.,
RA Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B.,
RA Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J.,
RA Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K.,
RA O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N.,
RA Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A.,
RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3).
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; TISSUE=Rosette leaf;
RX PubMed=19423640; DOI=10.1093/dnares/dsp009;
RA Iida K., Fukami-Kobayashi K., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Kobayashi M., Seki M.,
RA Shinozaki K.;
RT "Analysis of multiple occurrences of alternative splicing events in
RT Arabidopsis thaliana using novel sequenced full-length cDNAs.";
RL DNA Res. 16:155-164(2009).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
RA Brover V.V., Troukhan M.E., Alexandrov N.A., Lu Y.-P., Flavell R.B.,
RA Feldmann K.A.;
RT "Full-length cDNA from Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [7]
RP INDUCTION BY ETHYLENE; DARK; DEHYDRATION AND ABSCISIC ACID, AND
RP DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta;
RX PubMed=9617813; DOI=10.1023/a:1005934428906;
RA Weaver L.M., Gan S., Quirino B., Amasino R.M.;
RT "A comparison of the expression patterns of several senescence-associated
RT genes in response to stress and hormone treatment.";
RL Plant Mol. Biol. 37:455-469(1998).
RN [8]
RP INDUCTION BY GREEN PEACH APHID.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=16299172; DOI=10.1104/pp.105.070433;
RA Pegadaraju V., Knepper C., Reese J., Shah J.;
RT "Premature leaf senescence modulated by the Arabidopsis PHYTOALEXIN
RT DEFICIENT4 gene is associated with defense against the phloem-feeding green
RT peach aphid.";
RL Plant Physiol. 139:1927-1934(2005).
RN [9]
RP GENE FAMILY.
RX PubMed=18318901; DOI=10.1186/1471-2164-9-118;
RA Hundertmark M., Hincha D.K.;
RT "LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins and their encoding genes in
RT Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL BMC Genomics 9:118-118(2008).
RN [10]
RP INDUCTION BY COLD.
RX PubMed=18808718; DOI=10.1186/1471-2164-9-434;
RA Robinson S.J., Parkin I.A.;
RT "Differential SAGE analysis in Arabidopsis uncovers increased transcriptome
RT complexity in response to low temperature.";
RL BMC Genomics 9:434-434(2008).
RN [11]
RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INDUCTION BY DARK;
RP BIOTIC STRESSES AND ABIOTIC STRESSES, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL
RP STAGE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=21736589; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02394.x;
RA Salleh F.M., Evans K., Goodall B., Machin H., Mowla S.B., Mur L.A.,
RA Runions J., Theodoulou F.L., Foyer C.H., Rogers H.J.;
RT "A novel function for a redox-related LEA protein (SAG21/AtLEA5) in root
RT development and biotic stress responses.";
RL Plant Cell Environ. 35:418-429(2012).
RN [12]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE.
RX PubMed=25005920; DOI=10.1105/tpc.114.127316;
RA Candat A., Paszkiewicz G., Neveu M., Gautier R., Logan D.C.,
RA Avelange-Macherel M.-H., Macherel D.;
RT "The ubiquitous distribution of late embryogenesis abundant proteins across
RT cell compartments in Arabidopsis offers tailored protection against abiotic
RT stress.";
RL Plant Cell 26:3148-3166(2014).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Mediates tolerance to oxidative stresses (e.g. hydrogen
CC peroxide H(2)O(2), diamide, menadione and tert-butyl hydroperoxide) by
CC minimizing the negative effects of oxidation and monitoring
CC photosynthesis during stress (PubMed:17092320). Promotes root
CC development. Prevents premature aging (e.g. senescence and flowering).
CC Involved in resistance against compatible pathogens such as Botrytis
CC cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (PubMed:21736589).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17092320, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21736589}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21736589,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:25005920}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=3;
CC Name=1;
CC IsoId=Q93WF6-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=2;
CC IsoId=Q93WF6-2; Sequence=VSP_058105;
CC Name=3;
CC IsoId=Q93WF6-3; Sequence=VSP_058106;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in roots, stems leaves and flowers, but
CC not in seeds (PubMed:17092320). In short days, observed in cotyledons
CC and roots but absent from rosette leaves (PubMed:21736589).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17092320, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21736589}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Accumulates and reach a peak shortly before full
CC senescence, at the interface between the green and yellow regions of
CC senescent leaves, and then declines (PubMed:9617813, PubMed:21736589).
CC In flowers, restricted to the pollen and very weak expression in petal
CC veins. In dark-treated seedlings, strongly expressed throughout the
CC root tissues, including root hairs, except in primary and lateral root
CC tips (PubMed:21736589). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21736589,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9617813}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: In short-day conditions, follows a diurnal pattern of
CC regulation, with transcription repression in the light and activation
CC in the dark (PubMed:17092320, PubMed:9617813, PubMed:21736589). Induced
CC by oxidants (e.g. hydrogen peroxide H(2)O(2), menadione and paraquat)
CC (PubMed:17092320, PubMed:21736589). Accumulates in response to abscisic
CC acid (ABA) and dehydration (PubMed:17092320, PubMed:9617813,
CC PubMed:21736589). Induced by ethylene, more strongly in the younger
CC leaves than in the older ones (PubMed:9617813). Up-regulated 12 h
CC postinfestation (hpi) in green peach aphid (GPA; Myzus persicae Sulzer)
CC infested leaves (PubMed:16299172). Triggered by cold, wounding and salt
CC (PubMed:18808718, PubMed:21736589). Strongly induced by the
CC necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea (PubMed:21736589).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16299172, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17092320,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18808718, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21736589,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9617813}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Early flowering and senescence, as well as
CC reduced shoot biomass. Short primary root with reduced lateral root
CC formation and short root hairs. Enhanced sensitivity to the fungal
CC nectroph, Botrytis cinerea and to the virulent bacterial pathogen
CC Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, but normal resistance to an avirulent
CC P.syringae strain. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21736589}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LEA type 3 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAC19273.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC Sequence=CAB80731.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; AY879295; AAW72736.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF069298; AAC19273.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL161494; CAB80731.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE82161.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE82162.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF410301; AAK95287.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY039589; AAK62644.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY052672; AAK96576.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY054147; AAL06808.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AK319000; BAH57115.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY086267; AAM64340.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; T01312; T01312.
DR RefSeq; NP_001078346.1; NM_001084877.1. [Q93WF6-2]
DR RefSeq; NP_567231.1; NM_116471.4. [Q93WF6-1]
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q93WF6; -.
DR STRING; 3702.AT4G02380.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q93WF6; -.
DR PRIDE; Q93WF6; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 226640; -. [Q93WF6-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G02380.1; AT4G02380.1; AT4G02380. [Q93WF6-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G02380.2; AT4G02380.2; AT4G02380. [Q93WF6-2]
DR GeneID; 828053; -.
DR Gramene; AT4G02380.1; AT4G02380.1; AT4G02380. [Q93WF6-1]
DR Gramene; AT4G02380.2; AT4G02380.2; AT4G02380. [Q93WF6-2]
DR KEGG; ath:AT4G02380; -.
DR Araport; AT4G02380; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2133279; AT4G02380.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502S70H; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_158380_1_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q93WF6; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q93WF6; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q93WF6; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q93WF6; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042631; P:cellular response to water deprivation; IEP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0006952; P:defense response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0010150; P:leaf senescence; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:1900424; P:regulation of defense response to bacterium; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:1900150; P:regulation of defense response to fungus; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:1900055; P:regulation of leaf senescence; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:2000028; P:regulation of photoperiodism, flowering; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009737; P:response to abscisic acid; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009646; P:response to absence of light; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009409; P:response to cold; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009723; P:response to ethylene; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009620; P:response to fungus; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042542; P:response to hydrogen peroxide; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009625; P:response to insect; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009416; P:response to light stimulus; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0006979; P:response to oxidative stress; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0000302; P:response to reactive oxygen species; IEP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:1902074; P:response to salt; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009414; P:response to water deprivation; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009611; P:response to wounding; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0048364; P:root development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR InterPro; IPR004926; LEA_3.
DR PANTHER; PTHR33509; PTHR33509; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03242; LEA_3; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Alternative splicing; Mitochondrion; Plant defense; Reference proteome;
KW Stress response; Transit peptide.
FT TRANSIT 1..46
FT /note="Mitochondrion"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 47..97
FT /note="Protein SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 21,
FT mitochondrial"
FT /id="PRO_0000435520"
FT VAR_SEQ 1..25
FT /note="MARSISNVKIVSAFVSRELSNAIFR -> MLSSGK (in isoform 2)"
FT /id="VSP_058105"
FT VAR_SEQ 1..24
FT /note="MARSISNVKIVSAFVSRELSNAIF -> MLSSGKSLLFCFLLYALFFSCSYA
FT LFFSKRCRFLCDN (in isoform 3)"
FT /id="VSP_058106"
SQ SEQUENCE 97 AA; 10292 MW; 265462231229D576 CRC64;
MARSISNVKI VSAFVSRELS NAIFRRGYAA TAAQGSVSSG GRSGAVASAV MKKKGVEEST
QKISWVPDPK TGYYRPETGS NEIDAAELRA ALLNNKQ
