ID   BETA_ECO5E              Reviewed;         562 AA.
AC   B5Z1R0;
DT   14-APR-2009, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   25-NOV-2008, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 85.
DE   RecName: Full=Oxygen-dependent choline dehydrogenase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            Short=CDH {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            Short=CHD {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            EC=1.1.99.1 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE   AltName: Full=Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            Short=BADH {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            EC=1.2.1.8 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
GN   Name=betA {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
GN   OrderedLocusNames=ECH74115_0373;
OS   Escherichia coli O157:H7 (strain EC4115 / EHEC).
OC   Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacterales;
OC   Enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=444450;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=EC4115 / EHEC;
RX   PubMed=22135463; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1107176108;
RA   Eppinger M., Mammel M.K., Leclerc J.E., Ravel J., Cebula T.A.;
RT   "Genomic anatomy of Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreaks.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:20142-20147(2011).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of the osmoprotectant glycine
CC       betaine. Catalyzes the oxidation of choline to betaine aldehyde and
CC       betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine at the same rate.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=A + choline = AH2 + betaine aldehyde; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17433,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:13193, ChEBI:CHEBI:15354, ChEBI:CHEBI:15710,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:17499; EC=1.1.99.1; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_00750};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=betaine aldehyde + H2O + NAD(+) = glycine betaine + 2 H(+) +
CC         NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15305, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15710, ChEBI:CHEBI:17750, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.2.1.8; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_00750};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Amine and polyamine biosynthesis; betaine biosynthesis via
CC       choline pathway; betaine aldehyde from choline (cytochrome c reductase
CC       route): step 1/1. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750}.
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC   Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   EMBL; CP001164; ACI38177.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; WP_001159114.1; NC_011353.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; B5Z1R0; -.
DR   SMR; B5Z1R0; -.
DR   KEGG; ecf:ECH74115_0373; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_002865_7_1_6; -.
DR   OMA; NHFESCA; -.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00529; UER00385.
DR   GO; GO:0008802; F:betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR   GO; GO:0008812; F:choline dehydrogenase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR   GO; GO:0050660; F:flavin adenine dinucleotide binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0019285; P:glycine betaine biosynthetic process from choline; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR   Gene3D; 3.50.50.60; -; 1.
DR   HAMAP; MF_00750; Choline_dehydrogen; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR011533; BetA.
DR   InterPro; IPR036188; FAD/NAD-bd_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR012132; GMC_OxRdtase.
DR   InterPro; IPR000172; GMC_OxRdtase_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR007867; GMC_OxRtase_C.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11552; PTHR11552; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF05199; GMC_oxred_C; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00732; GMC_oxred_N; 1.
DR   PIRSF; PIRSF000137; Alcohol_oxidase; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF51905; SSF51905; 1.
DR   TIGRFAMs; TIGR01810; betA; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00623; GMC_OXRED_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00624; GMC_OXRED_2; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   FAD; Flavoprotein; NAD; Oxidoreductase.
FT   CHAIN           1..562
FT                   /note="Oxygen-dependent choline dehydrogenase"
FT                   /id="PRO_1000133327"
FT   ACT_SITE        473
FT                   /note="Proton acceptor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750"
FT   BINDING         4..33
FT                   /ligand="FAD"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750"
SQ   SEQUENCE   562 AA;  62633 MW;  7DC9B36EC06D24ED CRC64;
     MQFDYIIIGA GSAGNVLATR LTEDPNTSVL LLEAGGPDYR FDFRTQMPAA LAFPLQGKRY
     NWAYETEPEP FMNNRRMECG RGKGLGGSSL INGMCYIRGN AMDLDNWAKE PGLENWSYLD
     CLPYYRKAET RDVGENDYHG GDGPVSVTTS KPGVNPLFEA MIEAGVQAGY PRTDDLNGYQ
     QEGFGPMDRT VTPQGRRAST ARGYLDQAKS RPNLTIRTHA MTDHIIFDCK RAVGVEWLEG
     DSTIPTRATA NKEVLLCAGA IASPQILQRS GVGNAELLAE FDIPLVHDLP GVGENLQDHL
     EMYLQYECKE PVSLYPALQW WNQPKIGAEW LFGGTGVGAS NHFEAGGFIR SREEFAWPNI
     QYHFLPVAIN YNGSNAVKEH GFQCHVGSMR SPSRGHVRIK SRDPHQHPAI LFNYMSHEQD
     WQEFRDAIRI TREIMHQPAL DQYRGREISP GTECQTDEQL DEFVRNHAET AFHPCGTCKM
     GYDEMSVVDG EGRVHGLEGL RVVDASIMPQ IITGNLNATT IMIGEKMADM IRGKEALPRS
     TAGYFVANGM PVRAKKMSRD LN