ID   BETA_STAAT              Reviewed;         569 AA.
AC   A8Z5A4;
DT   20-MAY-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   15-JAN-2008, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 88.
DE   RecName: Full=Oxygen-dependent choline dehydrogenase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            Short=CDH {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            Short=CHD {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            EC=1.1.99.1 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE   AltName: Full=Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            Short=BADH {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
DE            EC=1.2.1.8 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
GN   Name=betA {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
GN   OrderedLocusNames=USA300HOU_2605;
OS   Staphylococcus aureus (strain USA300 / TCH1516).
OC   Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Bacillales; Staphylococcaceae;
OC   Staphylococcus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=451516;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=USA300 / TCH1516;
RX   PubMed=17986343; DOI=10.1186/1471-2180-7-99;
RA   Highlander S.K., Hulten K.G., Qin X., Jiang H., Yerrapragada S.,
RA   Mason E.O. Jr., Shang Y., Williams T.M., Fortunov R.M., Liu Y., Igboeli O.,
RA   Petrosino J., Tirumalai M., Uzman A., Fox G.E., Cardenas A.M., Muzny D.M.,
RA   Hemphill L., Ding Y., Dugan S., Blyth P.R., Buhay C.J., Dinh H.H.,
RA   Hawes A.C., Holder M., Kovar C.L., Lee S.L., Liu W., Nazareth L.V.,
RA   Wang Q., Zhou J., Kaplan S.L., Weinstock G.M.;
RT   "Subtle genetic changes enhance virulence of methicillin resistant and
RT   sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.";
RL   BMC Microbiol. 7:99-99(2007).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of the osmoprotectant glycine
CC       betaine. Catalyzes the oxidation of choline to betaine aldehyde and
CC       betaine aldehyde to glycine betaine at the same rate.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=A + choline = AH2 + betaine aldehyde; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17433,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:13193, ChEBI:CHEBI:15354, ChEBI:CHEBI:15710,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:17499; EC=1.1.99.1; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_00750};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=betaine aldehyde + H2O + NAD(+) = glycine betaine + 2 H(+) +
CC         NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15305, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:15710, ChEBI:CHEBI:17750, ChEBI:CHEBI:57540,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57945; EC=1.2.1.8; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_00750};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750};
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Amine and polyamine biosynthesis; betaine biosynthesis via
CC       choline pathway; betaine aldehyde from choline (cytochrome c reductase
CC       route): step 1/1. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750}.
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DR   EMBL; CP000730; ABX30591.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; WP_000066521.1; NC_010079.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; A8Z5A4; -.
DR   SMR; A8Z5A4; -.
DR   KEGG; sax:USA300HOU_2605; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_002865_7_1_9; -.
DR   OMA; NHFESCA; -.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00529; UER00385.
DR   GO; GO:0008802; F:betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR   GO; GO:0008812; F:choline dehydrogenase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR   GO; GO:0050660; F:flavin adenine dinucleotide binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0019285; P:glycine betaine biosynthetic process from choline; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR   Gene3D; 3.50.50.60; -; 1.
DR   HAMAP; MF_00750; Choline_dehydrogen; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR011533; BetA.
DR   InterPro; IPR036188; FAD/NAD-bd_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR012132; GMC_OxRdtase.
DR   InterPro; IPR000172; GMC_OxRdtase_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR007867; GMC_OxRtase_C.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11552; PTHR11552; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF05199; GMC_oxred_C; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00732; GMC_oxred_N; 1.
DR   PIRSF; PIRSF000137; Alcohol_oxidase; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF51905; SSF51905; 1.
DR   TIGRFAMs; TIGR01810; betA; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00623; GMC_OXRED_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00624; GMC_OXRED_2; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   FAD; Flavoprotein; NAD; Oxidoreductase.
FT   CHAIN           1..569
FT                   /note="Oxygen-dependent choline dehydrogenase"
FT                   /id="PRO_1000083498"
FT   ACT_SITE        475
FT                   /note="Proton acceptor"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750"
FT   BINDING         9..38
FT                   /ligand="FAD"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00750"
SQ   SEQUENCE   569 AA;  63610 MW;  A6E35293AADDDFA6 CRC64;
     MSNKNKSYDY VIIGGGSAGS VLGNRLSEDK DKEVLVLEAG RSDYFWDLFI QMPAALMFPS
     GNKFYDWIYS TDEEPHMGGR KVAHARGKVL GGSSSINGMI YQRGNPMDYE GWAEPEGMET
     WDFAHCLPYF KKLEKTYGAA PYDKFRGHDG PIKLKRGPAT NPLFQSFFDA GVEAGYHKTP
     DVNGFRQEGF GPFDSQVHRG RRMSASRAYL HPAMKRKNLT VETRAFVTEI HYEGRRATGV
     TYKKNGKLHT IDANEVILSG GAFNTPQLLQ LSGIGDSEFL KSKGIEPRVH LPGVGENFED
     HLEVYIQHKC KEPVSLQPSL DIKRMPFIGL QWIFTRTGAA ASNHFEGGGF VRSNNEVDYP
     NLMFHFLPIA VRYDGQKAAV AHGYQVHVGP MYSNSRGSLK IKSKDPFEKP SIRFNYLSTE
     EDKKEWVEAI RVARNILSQK AMDPFNGGEI SPGPEVQTDE EILDWVRRDG ETALHPSCSA
     KMGPASDPMA VVDPLTMKVH GMENLRVVDA SAMPRTTNGN IHAPVLMLAE KAADIIRGRK
     PLEPQYIDYY KHGVHDENEG AIEVKPYAK