SGK1_MACFA
ID SGK1_MACFA Reviewed; 431 AA.
AC Q4R633;
DT 28-JUL-2009, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 19-JUL-2005, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 67.
DE RecName: Full=Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1;
DE EC=2.7.11.1;
DE AltName: Full=Serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1;
GN Name=SGK1; ORFNames=QtsA-19250;
OS Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating macaque) (Cynomolgus monkey).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini;
OC Cercopithecidae; Cercopithecinae; Macaca.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9541;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Testis;
RG International consortium for macaque cDNA sequencing and analysis;
RT "DNA sequences of macaque genes expressed in brain or testis and its
RT evolutionary implications.";
RL Submitted (JUN-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC -!- FUNCTION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is involved in the
CC regulation of a wide variety of ion channels, membrane transporters,
CC cellular enzymes, transcription factors, neuronal excitability, cell
CC growth, proliferation, survival, migration and apoptosis. Plays an
CC important role in cellular stress response. Contributes to regulation
CC of renal Na(+) retention, renal K(+) elimination, salt appetite,
CC gastric acid secretion, intestinal Na(+)/H(+) exchange and nutrient
CC transport, insulin-dependent salt sensitivity of blood pressure, salt
CC sensitivity of peripheral glucose uptake, cardiac repolarization and
CC memory consolidation. Up-regulates Na(+) channels: SCNN1A/ENAC, SCN5A
CC and ASIC1/ACCN2, K(+) channels: KCNJ1/ROMK1, KCNA1-5, KCNQ1-5 and
CC KCNE1, epithelial Ca(2+) channels: TRPV5 and TRPV6, chloride channels:
CC BSND, CLCN2 and CFTR, glutamate transporters: SLC1A3/EAAT1, SLC1A2
CC /EAAT2, SLC1A1/EAAT3, SLC1A6/EAAT4 and SLC1A7/EAAT5, amino acid
CC transporters: SLC1A5/ASCT2, SLC38A1/SN1 and SLC6A19, creatine
CC transporter: SLC6A8, Na(+)/dicarboxylate cotransporter: SLC13A2/NADC1,
CC Na(+)-dependent phosphate cotransporter: SLC34A2/NAPI-2B, glutamate
CC receptor: GRIK2/GLUR6. Up-regulates carriers: SLC9A3/NHE3,
CC SLC12A1/NKCC2, SLC12A3/NCC, SLC5A3/SMIT, SLC2A1/GLUT1, SLC5A1/SGLT1 and
CC SLC15A2/PEPT2. Regulates enzymes: GSK3A/B, PMM2 and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase,
CC and transcription factors: CTNNB1 and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B.
CC Stimulates sodium transport into epithelial cells by enhancing the
CC stability and expression of SCNN1A/ENAC. This is achieved by
CC phosphorylating the NEDD4L ubiquitin E3 ligase, promoting its
CC interaction with 14-3-3 proteins, thereby preventing it from binding to
CC SCNN1A/ENAC and targeting it for degradation. Regulates store-operated
CC Ca(+2) entry (SOCE) by stimulating ORAI1 and STIM1. Regulates
CC KCNJ1/ROMK1 directly via its phosphorylation or indirectly via
CC increased interaction with SLC9A3R2/NHERF2. Phosphorylates MDM2 and
CC activates MDM2-dependent ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Phosphorylates
CC MAPT/TAU and mediates microtubule depolymerization and neurite
CC formation in hippocampal neurons. Phosphorylates SLC2A4/GLUT4 and up-
CC regulates its activity. Phosphorylates APBB1/FE65 and promotes its
CC localization to the nucleus. Phosphorylates MAPK1/ERK2 and activates it
CC by enhancing its interaction with MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2.
CC Phosphorylates FBXW7 and plays an inhibitory role in the NOTCH1
CC signaling. Phosphorylates FOXO1 resulting in its relocalization from
CC the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Phosphorylates FOXO3, promoting its exit
CC from the nucleus and interference with FOXO3-dependent transcription.
CC Phosphorylates BRAF and MAP3K3/MEKK3 and inhibits their activity.
CC Phosphorylates SLC9A3/NHE3 in response to dexamethasone, resulting in
CC its activation and increased localization at the cell membrane.
CC Phosphorylates CREB1. Necessary for vascular remodeling during
CC angiogenesis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=ATP + L-seryl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-seryl-
CC [protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17989, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9863, Rhea:RHEA-
CC COMP:11604, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29999, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:83421, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.1;
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=ATP + L-threonyl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-
CC threonyl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46608, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11060,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11605, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30013,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:61977, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216;
CC EC=2.7.11.1;
CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Two specific sites, one in the kinase domain (Thr-
CC 256) and the other in the C-terminal regulatory region (Ser-422), need
CC to be phosphorylated for its full activation. Phosphorylation at Ser-
CC 397 and Ser-401 are also essential for its activity. Activated by WNK1,
CC WNK2, WNK3 and WNK4 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Forms a trimeric complex with
CC FBXW7 and NOTCH1. Interacts with MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK1/ERK2, MAP2K1/MEK1,
CC MAP2K2/MEK2, NEDD4, NEDD4L, MAPT/TAU, MAPK7, CREB1, SLC9A3R2/NHERF2 and
CC KCNJ1/ROMK1. Associates with the mammalian target of rapamycin complex
CC 2 (mTORC2) via an interaction with MAPKAP1/SIN1 (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250}.
CC Endoplasmic reticulum membrane {ECO:0000250}. Cell membrane
CC {ECO:0000250}. Mitochondrion {ECO:0000250}. Note=The subcellular
CC localization is controlled by the cell cycle, as well as by exposure to
CC specific hormones and environmental stress stimuli. In proliferating
CC cells, it shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm in synchrony with
CC the cell cycle, and in serum/growth factor-stimulated cells it resides
CC in the nucleus. In contrast, after exposure to environmental stress or
CC treatment with glucocorticoids, it is detected in the cytoplasm and
CC with certain stress conditions is associated with the mitochondria. In
CC osmoregulation through the epithelial sodium channel, it can be
CC localized to the cytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane. Nuclear,
CC upon phosphorylation (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Regulated by phosphorylation. Activated by phosphorylation on Ser-
CC 422 by mTORC2, transforming it into a substrate for PDPK1 which
CC phosphorylates it on Thr-256. Phosphorylation on Ser-397 and Ser-401
CC are also essential for its activity. Phosphorylation on Ser-78 by MAPK7
CC is required for growth factor-induced cell cycle progression (By
CC similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4L; which promotes proteasomal degradation.
CC Ubiquitinated by SYVN1 at the endoplasmic reticulum; which promotes
CC rapid proteasomal degradation and maintains a high turnover rate in
CC resting cells (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr
CC protein kinase family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AB169357; BAE01442.1; -; mRNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q4R633; -.
DR SMR; Q4R633; -.
DR STRING; 9541.XP_005551948.1; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG0598; Eukaryota.
DR Proteomes; UP000233100; Unplaced.
DR GO; GO:0005789; C:endoplasmic reticulum membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0106310; F:protein serine kinase activity; IEA:RHEA.
DR GO; GO:0004674; F:protein serine/threonine kinase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006915; P:apoptotic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006468; P:protein phosphorylation; IEA:InterPro.
DR InterPro; IPR000961; AGC-kinase_C.
DR InterPro; IPR011009; Kinase-like_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR017892; Pkinase_C.
DR InterPro; IPR000719; Prot_kinase_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR017441; Protein_kinase_ATP_BS.
DR InterPro; IPR008271; Ser/Thr_kinase_AS.
DR Pfam; PF00069; Pkinase; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00433; Pkinase_C; 1.
DR SMART; SM00133; S_TK_X; 1.
DR SMART; SM00220; S_TKc; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF56112; SSF56112; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51285; AGC_KINASE_CTER; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00107; PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50011; PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00108; PROTEIN_KINASE_ST; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Apoptosis; ATP-binding; Cell membrane; Cytoplasm; Disulfide bond;
KW Endoplasmic reticulum; Kinase; Membrane; Mitochondrion; Nucleotide-binding;
KW Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome;
KW Serine/threonine-protein kinase; Stress response; Transferase;
KW Ubl conjugation.
FT CHAIN 1..431
FT /note="Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1"
FT /id="PRO_0000380129"
FT DOMAIN 98..355
FT /note="Protein kinase"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159"
FT DOMAIN 356..431
FT /note="AGC-kinase C-terminal"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00618"
FT REGION 1..60
FT /note="Necessary for localization to the mitochondria"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT REGION 66..92
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOTIF 131..141
FT /note="Nuclear localization signal"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT ACT_SITE 222
FT /note="Proton acceptor"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159,
FT ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10027"
FT BINDING 104..112
FT /ligand="ATP"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159"
FT BINDING 127
FT /ligand="ATP"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:30616"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00159"
FT MOD_RES 74
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00141"
FT MOD_RES 78
FT /note="Phosphoserine; by MAPK7"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00141"
FT MOD_RES 256
FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by PDPK1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00141"
FT MOD_RES 369
FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by PKA"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00141"
FT MOD_RES 397
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00141"
FT MOD_RES 401
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00141"
FT MOD_RES 422
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00141"
FT DISULFID 193
FT /note="Interchain (with C-258)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT DISULFID 258
FT /note="Interchain (with C-193)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ SEQUENCE 431 AA; 49017 MW; E52B06B4102F4115 CRC64;
MTVKTEAAKG TLTYSRMRGM VAILIAFMKQ RRMGLNDFIQ KIANNSYACK HPEVQSILKI
SQPQEPELMN ANPSPPPSPS QQINLGPSSN PHAKPSDFHF LKVIGKGSFG KVLLARHKAE
EVFYAVKVLQ KKAILKKKEE KHIMSERNVL LKNVKHPFLV GLHFSFQTAD KLYFVLDYIN
GGELFYHLQR ERCFLEPRAR FYAAEIASAL GYLHSLNIVY RDLKPENILL DSQGHIVLTD
FGLCKENIEH NSTTSTFCGT PEYLAPEVLH KQPYDRTVDW WCLGAVLYEM LYGLPPFYSR
NTAEMYDNIL NKPLQLKPNI TNSARHLLEG LLQKDRMKRL GAKDDFMEIK SHVFFSLINW
DDLINKKITP PFNPNVSGPN DLRHFDPEFT EEPVPNSIGK SPDSILVTAS VKEAAETFLG
FSYAPPTDSF L
