BH095_ARATH
ID BH095_ARATH Reviewed; 308 AA.
AC Q9FXA3;
DT 16-DEC-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 16-DEC-2008, sequence version 2.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 120.
DE RecName: Full=Transcription factor bHLH95 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14600211};
DE AltName: Full=Basic helix-loop-helix protein 95 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14600211};
DE Short=AtbHLH95 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14600211};
DE Short=bHLH 95 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14600211};
DE AltName: Full=Protein RETARDED GROWTH OF EMBRYO 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18567831};
DE AltName: Full=Protein ZHOUPI {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18849529};
DE AltName: Full=Transcription factor EN 21;
DE AltName: Full=bHLH transcription factor bHLH095 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14600211};
GN Name=BHLH95 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14600211};
GN Synonyms=EN21, RGE1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18567831},
GN ZOU {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18849529}; OrderedLocusNames=At1g49770;
GN ORFNames=F14J22.2;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11130712; DOI=10.1038/35048500;
RA Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O.,
RA Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E.,
RA Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K., Conn L.,
RA Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P.,
RA Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D.,
RA Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J.,
RA Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L.,
RA Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A.,
RA Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A.,
RA Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M.,
RA Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M.,
RA Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P.,
RA Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D.,
RA Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D.,
RA Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 408:816-820(2000).
RN [2]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 11-308, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, GENE FAMILY, AND
RP NOMENCLATURE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; TISSUE=Flower;
RX PubMed=12679534; DOI=10.1093/molbev/msg088;
RA Heim M.A., Jakoby M., Werber M., Martin C., Weisshaar B., Bailey P.C.;
RT "The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family in plants: a
RT genome-wide study of protein structure and functional diversity.";
RL Mol. Biol. Evol. 20:735-747(2003).
RN [4]
RP GENE FAMILY.
RX PubMed=12897250; DOI=10.1105/tpc.013839;
RA Toledo-Ortiz G., Huq E., Quail P.H.;
RT "The Arabidopsis basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor family.";
RL Plant Cell 15:1749-1770(2003).
RN [5]
RP GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE.
RX PubMed=14600211; DOI=10.1105/tpc.151140;
RA Bailey P.C., Martin C., Toledo-Ortiz G., Quail P.H., Huq E., Heim M.A.,
RA Jakoby M., Werber M., Weisshaar B.;
RT "Update on the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene family in
RT Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant Cell 15:2497-2502(2003).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=18849529; DOI=10.1242/dev.026708;
RA Yang S., Johnston N., Talideh E., Mitchell S., Jeffree C., Goodrich J.,
RA Ingram G.;
RT "The endosperm-specific ZHOUPI gene of Arabidopsis thaliana regulates
RT endosperm breakdown and embryonic epidermal development.";
RL Development 135:3501-3509(2008).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE,
RP AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=18567831; DOI=10.1104/pp.108.118364;
RA Kondou Y., Nakazawa M., Kawashima M., Ichikawa T., Yoshizumi T., Suzuki K.,
RA Ishikawa A., Koshi T., Matsui R., Muto S., Matsui M.;
RT "RETARDED GROWTH OF EMBRYO1, a new basic helix-loop-helix protein,
RT expresses in endosperm to control embryo growth.";
RL Plant Physiol. 147:1924-1935(2008).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=23318634; DOI=10.1242/dev.088898;
RA Xing Q., Creff A., Waters A., Tanaka H., Goodrich J., Ingram G.C.;
RT "ZHOUPI controls embryonic cuticle formation via a signalling pathway
RT involving the subtilisin protease ABNORMAL LEAF-SHAPE1 and the receptor
RT kinases GASSHO1 and GASSHO2.";
RL Development 140:770-779(2013).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=28696222; DOI=10.1105/tpc.17.00016;
RA Moussu S.A., Doll N.M., Chamot S., Brocard L., Creff A., Fourquin C.,
RA Widiez T., Nimchuk Z.L., Ingram G.C.;
RT "ZHOUPI and KERBEROS mediate embryo/endosperm separation by promoting the
RT formation of an extra-cuticular sheath at the embryo surface.";
RL Plant Cell 29:1642-1656(2017).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor that controls embryo growth
CC (PubMed:18567831, PubMed:18849529, PubMed:23318634). Regulates
CC endosperm breakdown and embryonic epidermal development. Regulates the
CC expression of SBT2.4/ALE1 (PubMed:18849529, PubMed:23318634). Involved
CC in embryonic cuticle formation upstream of SBT2.4/ALE1
CC (PubMed:23318634). Does not seem to be a general regulator of endosperm
CC patterning. May control specific signaling pathways that coordinate
CC embryo invasion and breakdown of surrounding endosperm tissues
CC (PubMed:18849529). Required for the production the embryo sheath, an
CC extracuticular endosperm-derived structure at the surface of the
CC embryo. Acts upstream of KRS (PubMed:28696222).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18567831, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18849529,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23318634, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28696222}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00981,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18567831}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Siliques. Not detected in roots, rosette leaves or
CC flowers. Expressed in endosperm cells. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12679534,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18567831}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed during seed development
CC (PubMed:18567831). Exclusively expressed in the endosperm of developing
CC seeds (PubMed:18849529). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18567831,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18849529}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Small and shriveled seeds. Retarded growth of the
CC embryo after the heart stage, but normal morphogenesis and pattern
CC formation of the embryo and endosperm (PubMed:18567831). Shrivelled
CC collapsed seeds (PubMed:18849529). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18567831,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18849529}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAG13058.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; AC011807; AAG13058.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002684; AEE32474.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF488623; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; D96534; D96534.
DR RefSeq; NP_175399.2; NM_103864.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9FXA3; -.
DR SMR; Q9FXA3; -.
DR BioGRID; 26625; 3.
DR STRING; 3702.AT1G49770.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9FXA3; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9FXA3; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT1G49770.1; AT1G49770.1; AT1G49770.
DR GeneID; 841400; -.
DR Gramene; AT1G49770.1; AT1G49770.1; AT1G49770.
DR KEGG; ath:AT1G49770; -.
DR Araport; AT1G49770; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2012146; AT1G49770.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QSD0; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_024956_1_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9FXA3; -.
DR OMA; FMIHARA; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1188861at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9FXA3; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9FXA3; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 1.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9FXA3; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; ISS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0046983; F:protein dimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0009793; P:embryo development ending in seed dormancy; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009960; P:endosperm development; IGI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010115; P:regulation of abscisic acid biosynthetic process; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0006355; P:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; TAS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010162; P:seed dormancy process; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0048317; P:seed morphogenesis; IMP:TAIR.
DR CDD; cd11393; bHLH_AtbHLH_like; 1.
DR Gene3D; 4.10.280.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR044278; BHLH95-like.
DR InterPro; IPR045239; bHLH95_bHLH.
DR InterPro; IPR011598; bHLH_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR036638; HLH_DNA-bd_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR46772; PTHR46772; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00010; HLH; 1.
DR SMART; SM00353; HLH; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47459; SSF47459; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50888; BHLH; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Developmental protein; DNA-binding; Nucleus; Reference proteome;
KW Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..308
FT /note="Transcription factor bHLH95"
FT /id="PRO_0000358786"
FT DOMAIN 69..119
FT /note="bHLH"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00981"
FT REGION 1..76
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 59..76
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 13..16
FT /note="MWGI -> YVGL (in Ref. 3; AF488623)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 308 AA; 34183 MW; F302E5425DEA5220 CRC64;
MTNAQELGQE GFMWGISNSD DSGGGCKRIE KEPLPSHPSH PSPEIQTTTV KKGKKRTKRN
DKNHEEESPD HEIHIWTERE RRKKMRDMFS KLHALLPQLP PKADKSTIVD EAVSSIKSLE
QTLQKLEMQK LEKLQYSSAS TNTTPTTTFA YAPSSSSSPT ALLTPISNHP IDATATDSYP
RAAFLADQVS SSSAAAANLP YPCNDPIVNF DTWSSRNVVL TICGNEAFFN LCVPKHKPGV
FTSVCYLFEK YNMEVLFANV SSNVFWSTYV IQAQVNPSCE NQLLGNGLGV VDVFKQVSQE
LVLYFSSL
