SIGM_BACSU
ID SIGM_BACSU Reviewed; 163 AA.
AC O07582; Q796X2;
DT 04-JAN-2005, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JUL-1997, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 131.
DE RecName: Full=ECF RNA polymerase sigma factor SigM;
DE Short=ECF sigma factor SigM;
GN Name=sigM; Synonyms=yhdM; OrderedLocusNames=BSU09520;
OS Bacillus subtilis (strain 168).
OC Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Bacillales; Bacillaceae; Bacillus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=224308;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=168;
RX PubMed=9579061; DOI=10.1099/00221287-144-4-859;
RA Noback M.A., Holsappel S., Kiewiet R., Terpstra P., Wambutt R., Wedler H.,
RA Venema G., Bron S.;
RT "The 172 kb prkA-addAB region from 83 degrees to 97 degrees of the Bacillus
RT subtilis chromosome contains several dysfunctional genes, the glyB marker,
RT many genes encoding transporter proteins, and the ubiquitous hit gene.";
RL Microbiology 144:859-875(1998).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=168;
RX PubMed=9384377; DOI=10.1038/36786;
RA Kunst F., Ogasawara N., Moszer I., Albertini A.M., Alloni G., Azevedo V.,
RA Bertero M.G., Bessieres P., Bolotin A., Borchert S., Borriss R.,
RA Boursier L., Brans A., Braun M., Brignell S.C., Bron S., Brouillet S.,
RA Bruschi C.V., Caldwell B., Capuano V., Carter N.M., Choi S.-K.,
RA Codani J.-J., Connerton I.F., Cummings N.J., Daniel R.A., Denizot F.,
RA Devine K.M., Duesterhoeft A., Ehrlich S.D., Emmerson P.T., Entian K.-D.,
RA Errington J., Fabret C., Ferrari E., Foulger D., Fritz C., Fujita M.,
RA Fujita Y., Fuma S., Galizzi A., Galleron N., Ghim S.-Y., Glaser P.,
RA Goffeau A., Golightly E.J., Grandi G., Guiseppi G., Guy B.J., Haga K.,
RA Haiech J., Harwood C.R., Henaut A., Hilbert H., Holsappel S., Hosono S.,
RA Hullo M.-F., Itaya M., Jones L.-M., Joris B., Karamata D., Kasahara Y.,
RA Klaerr-Blanchard M., Klein C., Kobayashi Y., Koetter P., Koningstein G.,
RA Krogh S., Kumano M., Kurita K., Lapidus A., Lardinois S., Lauber J.,
RA Lazarevic V., Lee S.-M., Levine A., Liu H., Masuda S., Mauel C.,
RA Medigue C., Medina N., Mellado R.P., Mizuno M., Moestl D., Nakai S.,
RA Noback M., Noone D., O'Reilly M., Ogawa K., Ogiwara A., Oudega B.,
RA Park S.-H., Parro V., Pohl T.M., Portetelle D., Porwollik S.,
RA Prescott A.M., Presecan E., Pujic P., Purnelle B., Rapoport G., Rey M.,
RA Reynolds S., Rieger M., Rivolta C., Rocha E., Roche B., Rose M., Sadaie Y.,
RA Sato T., Scanlan E., Schleich S., Schroeter R., Scoffone F., Sekiguchi J.,
RA Sekowska A., Seror S.J., Serror P., Shin B.-S., Soldo B., Sorokin A.,
RA Tacconi E., Takagi T., Takahashi H., Takemaru K., Takeuchi M.,
RA Tamakoshi A., Tanaka T., Terpstra P., Tognoni A., Tosato V., Uchiyama S.,
RA Vandenbol M., Vannier F., Vassarotti A., Viari A., Wambutt R., Wedler E.,
RA Wedler H., Weitzenegger T., Winters P., Wipat A., Yamamoto H., Yamane K.,
RA Yasumoto K., Yata K., Yoshida K., Yoshikawa H.-F., Zumstein E.,
RA Yoshikawa H., Danchin A.;
RT "The complete genome sequence of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus
RT subtilis.";
RL Nature 390:249-256(1997).
RN [3]
RP INDUCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=168;
RX PubMed=10216858; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01323.x;
RA Horsburgh M.J., Moir A.;
RT "Sigma M, an ECF RNA polymerase sigma factor of Bacillus subtilis 168, is
RT essential for growth and survival in high concentrations of salt.";
RL Mol. Microbiol. 32:41-50(1999).
RN [4]
RP PUTATIVE FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=12775685; DOI=10.1128/jb.185.12.3491-3498.2003;
RA Thackray P.D., Moir A.;
RT "SigM, an extracytoplasmic function sigma factor of Bacillus subtilis, is
RT activated in response to cell wall antibiotics, ethanol, heat, acid, and
RT superoxide stress.";
RL J. Bacteriol. 185:3491-3498(2003).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH YHDL.
RX PubMed=14993308; DOI=10.1099/mic.0.26712-0;
RA Yoshimura M., Asai K., Sadaie Y., Yoshikawa H.;
RT "Interaction of Bacillus subtilis extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma
RT factors with the N-terminal regions of their potential anti-sigma
RT factors.";
RL Microbiology 150:591-599(2004).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, AND REGULON.
RC STRAIN=168 / 1604;
RX PubMed=17434969; DOI=10.1128/jb.00130-07;
RA Jervis A.J., Thackray P.D., Houston C.W., Horsburgh M.J., Moir A.;
RT "SigM-responsive genes of Bacillus subtilis and their promoters.";
RL J. Bacteriol. 189:4534-4538(2007).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND SUBUNIT.
RC STRAIN=168;
RX PubMed=21710567; DOI=10.1002/pmic.201000790;
RA Delumeau O., Lecointe F., Muntel J., Guillot A., Guedon E., Monnet V.,
RA Hecker M., Becher D., Polard P., Noirot P.;
RT "The dynamic protein partnership of RNA polymerase in Bacillus subtilis.";
RL Proteomics 11:2992-3001(2011).
RN [8]
RP INDUCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=168;
RX PubMed=22211522; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07953.x;
RA Luo Y., Helmann J.D.;
RT "Analysis of the role of Bacillus subtilis sigma(M) in beta-lactam
RT resistance reveals an essential role for c-di-AMP in peptidoglycan
RT homeostasis.";
RL Mol. Microbiol. 83:623-639(2012).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the
CC attachment of RNA polymerase (RNAP) to specific initiation sites and
CC are then released. Extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors are
CC held in an inactive form by a cognate anti-sigma factor (YhdL) until
CC released (PubMed:14993308). This sigma factor is involved in the
CC maintenance of membrane and cell wall integrity in response to
CC environmental stresses including salt, acid, ethanol and antibiotics
CC stress (PubMed:22211522, PubMed:12775685). Partially regulates
CC transcription from a number of genes including disA (PubMed:17434969).
CC Associates with RNAP core under all growth phases (PubMed:21710567).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12775685, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17434969,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:21710567, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22211522,
CC ECO:0000305|PubMed:14993308}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with the N-terminus of YhdL, which is probably its
CC anti-sigma factor (PubMed:14993308). Interacts transiently with the
CC RNAP core (Probable). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14993308,
CC ECO:0000305|PubMed:21710567}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Forms an operon with yhdL and yhdK, maximally expressed
CC during early to mid-exponential growth phases (PubMed:10216858).
CC Transcription decreases during late exponential growth; positively
CC autoregulated (PubMed:10216858). Negatively regulated by yhdL and yhdK
CC (PubMed:10216858). Induced by 5% ethanol, 80 uM paraquat, pH 4.3, the
CC antibiotics, inhibitors of cell wall, bacitracin, vancomycin and
CC phosphomycin, heat shock of 10 minutes at 50 degrees Celsius
CC (PubMed:12775685). No induction was observed with pH 9, H(2)O(2),
CC monensin, and the detergents Triton X-100 and Tween 20
CC (PubMed:12775685). Induced 3-fold by the beta-lactam antibiotic
CC cefuroxime (PubMed:22211522). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10216858,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12775685, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22211522}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Strains insertionally inactivated in the sigM
CC gene form aberrantly shaped cells that swell and lyse in medium
CC containing high levels of different salts (PubMed:10216858). 70-fold
CC increased sensitivity to the beta-lactam antibiotic cefuroxime (CEF),
CC double sigM-sigX mutants have 130-fold increased sensitivity to CEF
CC (PubMed:22211522). Also sensitive to other antibiotics
CC (PubMed:22211522). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10216858,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:22211522}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sigma-70 factor family. ECF subfamily.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; Y14082; CAA74497.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL009126; CAB12791.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; C69826; C69826.
DR RefSeq; NP_388833.1; NC_000964.3.
DR RefSeq; WP_003224177.1; NZ_JNCM01000035.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; O07582; -.
DR SMR; O07582; -.
DR IntAct; O07582; 1.
DR STRING; 224308.BSU09520; -.
DR PaxDb; O07582; -.
DR PRIDE; O07582; -.
DR EnsemblBacteria; CAB12791; CAB12791; BSU_09520.
DR GeneID; 64302825; -.
DR GeneID; 936267; -.
DR KEGG; bsu:BSU09520; -.
DR PATRIC; fig|224308.179.peg.1025; -.
DR eggNOG; COG1595; Bacteria.
DR InParanoid; O07582; -.
DR OMA; IQIIHTL; -.
DR PhylomeDB; O07582; -.
DR BioCyc; BSUB:BSU09520-MON; -.
DR PRO; PR:O07582; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000001570; Chromosome.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0016987; F:sigma factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006352; P:DNA-templated transcription, initiation; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0006950; P:response to stress; IEA:UniProt.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.10.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR039425; RNA_pol_sigma-70-like.
DR InterPro; IPR014284; RNA_pol_sigma-70_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR014296; RNA_pol_sigma-M_bacilli.
DR InterPro; IPR000838; RNA_pol_sigma70_ECF_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR007627; RNA_pol_sigma70_r2.
DR InterPro; IPR013249; RNA_pol_sigma70_r4_t2.
DR InterPro; IPR013325; RNA_pol_sigma_r2.
DR InterPro; IPR013324; RNA_pol_sigma_r3/r4-like.
DR InterPro; IPR036388; WH-like_DNA-bd_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR43133; PTHR43133; 1.
DR Pfam; PF04542; Sigma70_r2; 1.
DR Pfam; PF08281; Sigma70_r4_2; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF88659; SSF88659; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF88946; SSF88946; 1.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR02950; SigM_subfam; 1.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR02937; sigma70-ECF; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS01063; SIGMA70_ECF; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW DNA-binding; Reference proteome; Sigma factor; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..163
FT /note="ECF RNA polymerase sigma factor SigM"
FT /id="PRO_0000094014"
FT DNA_BIND 127..146
FT /note="H-T-H motif"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT MOTIF 30..43
FT /note="Polymerase core binding"
SQ SEQUENCE 163 AA; 19407 MW; C670126843150604 CRC64;
MTIDEIYQMY MNDVYRFLLS MTKDKHLAED LLQETFMRAY IHIHSYDHSK VKPWLFQVAR
NAFIDYVRKH KKEVTISDDL IGSLFQNAVQ SPAHQVEIKE VLTGYMSELP DNYREALTLY
YLKELNYKEA SHIMNISEAN FKSVLFRARQ RLKALYNRGV NDE
