SMAD4_PIG
ID SMAD4_PIG Reviewed; 552 AA.
AC Q9GKQ9;
DT 04-MAY-2001, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAR-2001, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 159.
DE RecName: Full=Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4;
DE Short=MAD homolog 4;
DE Short=Mothers against DPP homolog 4;
DE AltName: Full=SMAD family member 4;
DE Short=SMAD 4;
DE Short=Smad4;
GN Name=SMAD4; Synonyms=MADH4;
OS Sus scrofa (Pig).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Suina; Suidae; Sus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9823;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Muscle;
RA Ito Y., Awata T.;
RL Submitted (JAN-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC -!- FUNCTION: Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of
CC signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component
CC of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the
CC nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes
CC binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an
CC activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate
CC transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex
CC which forms at the AP1 promoter site; required for synergistic
CC transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta. Acts synergistically
CC with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated
CC cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs)
CC (5'-GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac
CC activating regions. May act as a tumor suppressor. Positively regulates
CC PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3
CC protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator (By similarity). In
CC muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy
CC and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via
CC phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and
CC subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via
CC phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Monomer; in the absence of TGF-beta activation (By
CC similarity). Heterotrimer; on TGF-beta activation (By similarity).
CC Heterotrimer composed of two molecules of a C-terminally phosphorylated
CC R-SMAD molecule, SMAD2 or SMAD3, and one molecule of SMAD4 to form the
CC transcriptional active SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex (By similarity). Found
CC in a ternary complex composed of SMAD4, STK11/LKB1 and STK11IP. Found
CC in a complex with SMAD1 and YY1. Identified in a complex that contains
CC at least ZNF451, SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD4. Interacts with ATF2, COPS5,
CC DACH1, MSG1, SKI, STK11/LKB1, STK11IP and TRIM33. Associates with
CC ZNF423 or ZNF521 in response to BMP2 leading to activate transcription
CC of BMP target genes. Interacts with USP9X. Interacts with RBPMS.
CC Interacts with WWTR1 (via coiled-coil domain). Interacts with CITED1
CC and CITED2. Interacts with PDPK1 (via PH domain). Interacts with VPS39;
CC this interaction affects heterodimer formation with SMAD3, but not with
CC SMAD2, and leads to inhibition of SMAD3-dependent transcription
CC activation. Interactions with VPS39 and SMAD2 may be mutually
CC exclusive. Interacts (via MH2 domain) with ZNF451 (via N-terminal zinc-
CC finger domains) (By similarity). Interacts with ZC3H3. Interacts weakly
CC with ZNF8. Interacts with NUP93 and IPO7; translocates SMAD4 to the
CC nucleus through the NPC upon BMP7 stimulation resulting in activation
CC of SMAD4 signaling (By similarity). Interacts with CREB3L1, the
CC interaction takes place upon TGFB1 induction and SMAD4 acts as CREB3L1
CC coactivator to induce the expression of genes involved in the assembly
CC of collagen extracellular matrix (By similarity). Interacts with DLX1
CC (By similarity). Interacts with ZBTB7A; the interaction is direct and
CC stimulated by TGFB1 (By similarity). Interacts with CREBBP; the
CC recruitment of this transcriptional coactivator is negatively regulated
CC by ZBTB7A (By similarity). Interacts with EP300; the interaction with
CC this transcriptional coactivator is negatively regulated by ZBTB7A (By
CC similarity). Interacts with HDAC1 (By similarity). Interacts (via MH2
CC domain) with ZMIZ1 (via SP-RING-type domain); in the TGF-beta signaling
CC pathway increases the activity of the SMAD3/SMAD4 transcriptional
CC complex (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O70437,
CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P97471, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485}. Nucleus
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485}. Note=In the cytoplasm in the absence of
CC ligand. Migration to the nucleus when complexed with R-SMAD. PDPK1
CC prevents its nuclear translocation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The MH1 domain is required for DNA binding. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The MH2 domain is required for both homomeric and heteromeric
CC interactions and for transcriptional regulation. Sufficient for nuclear
CC import (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated by PDPK1. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Monoubiquitinated on Lys-519 by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase
CC TRIM33. Monoubiquitination hampers its ability to form a stable complex
CC with activated SMAD2/3 resulting in inhibition of TGF-beta/BMP
CC signaling cascade. Deubiquitination by USP9X restores its competence to
CC mediate TGF-beta signaling (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AB053483; BAB20909.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_999237.1; NM_214072.1.
DR RefSeq; XP_005654486.1; XM_005654429.2.
DR RefSeq; XP_013840780.1; XM_013985326.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9GKQ9; -.
DR SMR; Q9GKQ9; -.
DR STRING; 9823.ENSSSCP00000004879; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9GKQ9; -.
DR PeptideAtlas; Q9GKQ9; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9GKQ9; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00000004997; ENSSSCP00000004879; ENSSSCG00000004524.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00005056447; ENSSSCP00005034747; ENSSSCG00005035405.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00005056485; ENSSSCP00005034770; ENSSSCG00005035405.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00005056577; ENSSSCP00005034822; ENSSSCG00005035405.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00015025353; ENSSSCP00015009898; ENSSSCG00015019009.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00025051229; ENSSSCP00025021863; ENSSSCG00025037625.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00030080575; ENSSSCP00030036931; ENSSSCG00030057715.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00035082257; ENSSSCP00035034107; ENSSSCG00035061214.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00040069956; ENSSSCP00040029823; ENSSSCG00040050916.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00040070046; ENSSSCP00040029859; ENSSSCG00040050916.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00045037724; ENSSSCP00045026219; ENSSSCG00045022054.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00050088108; ENSSSCP00050037783; ENSSSCG00050064683.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00055010846; ENSSSCP00055008581; ENSSSCG00055005534.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00060051837; ENSSSCP00060022059; ENSSSCG00060038335.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00065065919; ENSSSCP00065028560; ENSSSCG00065048170.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00070033293; ENSSSCP00070027806; ENSSSCG00070016851.
DR Ensembl; ENSSSCT00070033301; ENSSSCP00070027813; ENSSSCG00070016851.
DR GeneID; 397142; -.
DR KEGG; ssc:397142; -.
DR CTD; 4089; -.
DR VGNC; VGNC:93218; SMAD4.
DR eggNOG; KOG3701; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000157435; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_026736_1_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9GKQ9; -.
DR OrthoDB; 905048at2759; -.
DR TreeFam; TF314923; -.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-1181150; Signaling by NODAL.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-1502540; Signaling by Activin.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-201451; Signaling by BMP.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-2173789; TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-2173795; Downregulation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 transcriptional activity.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-2173796; SMAD2/SMAD3:SMAD4 heterotrimer regulates transcription.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-5689880; Ub-specific processing proteases.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-8941326; RUNX2 regulates bone development.
DR Reactome; R-SSC-9617828; FOXO-mediated transcription of cell cycle genes.
DR Proteomes; UP000008227; Chromosome 1.
DR Proteomes; UP000314985; Chromosome 1.
DR Bgee; ENSSSCG00000004524; Expressed in granulosa cell and 43 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9GKQ9; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9GKQ9; SS.
DR GO; GO:0032444; C:activin responsive factor complex; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0005813; C:centrosome; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0000785; C:chromatin; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0071144; C:heteromeric SMAD protein complex; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0003682; F:chromatin binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0005518; F:collagen binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001228; F:DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0070411; F:I-SMAD binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0042803; F:protein homodimerization activity; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0070412; F:R-SMAD binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0061629; F:RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0043199; F:sulfate binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001223; F:transcription coactivator binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0009653; P:anatomical structure morphogenesis; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0036302; P:atrioventricular canal development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0003190; P:atrioventricular valve formation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0007411; P:axon guidance; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0030509; P:BMP signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0003360; P:brainstem development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001658; P:branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0008283; P:cell population proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0006879; P:cellular iron ion homeostasis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0048589; P:developmental growth; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0042733; P:embryonic digit morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0060956; P:endocardial cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0042118; P:endothelial cell activation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0003198; P:epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0061040; P:female gonad morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0048859; P:formation of anatomical boundary; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001702; P:gastrulation with mouth forming second; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001701; P:in utero embryonic development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0070102; P:interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0035556; P:intracellular signal transduction; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0003220; P:left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0048382; P:mesendoderm development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0072133; P:metanephric mesenchyme morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0010614; P:negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:1905305; P:negative regulation of cardiac myofibril assembly; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0060548; P:negative regulation of cell death; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0030308; P:negative regulation of cell growth; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0008285; P:negative regulation of cell population proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0070373; P:negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0000122; P:negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0072134; P:nephrogenic mesenchyme morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0014033; P:neural crest cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0048663; P:neuron fate commitment; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0003148; P:outflow tract septum morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001541; P:ovarian follicle development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0030513; P:positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0003251; P:positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0010718; P:positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0046881; P:positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0051571; P:positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:2000617; P:positive regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0033686; P:positive regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:1902895; P:positive regulation of miRNA transcription; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0010862; P:positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0060391; P:positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0030511; P:positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0051098; P:regulation of binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0051797; P:regulation of hair follicle development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0032909; P:regulation of transforming growth factor beta2 production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001666; P:response to hypoxia; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0048733; P:sebaceous gland development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0062009; P:secondary palate development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0072520; P:seminiferous tubule development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0007338; P:single fertilization; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0007183; P:SMAD protein complex assembly; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0060395; P:SMAD protein signal transduction; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0032525; P:somite rostral/caudal axis specification; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0007283; P:spermatogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0006366; P:transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0007179; P:transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0060065; P:uterus development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0060412; P:ventricular septum morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR Gene3D; 2.60.200.10; -; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.90.520.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR013790; Dwarfin.
DR InterPro; IPR003619; MAD_homology1_Dwarfin-type.
DR InterPro; IPR013019; MAD_homology_MH1.
DR InterPro; IPR017855; SMAD-like_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR001132; SMAD_dom_Dwarfin-type.
DR InterPro; IPR008984; SMAD_FHA_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR036578; SMAD_MH1_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR13703; PTHR13703; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03165; MH1; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03166; MH2; 1.
DR SMART; SM00523; DWA; 1.
DR SMART; SM00524; DWB; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF49879; SSF49879; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF56366; SSF56366; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51075; MH1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51076; MH2; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Acetylation; Cytoplasm; DNA-binding; Isopeptide bond; Metal-binding;
KW Nucleus; Reference proteome; Transcription; Transcription regulation;
KW Ubl conjugation; Zinc.
FT CHAIN 1..552
FT /note="Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4"
FT /id="PRO_0000090863"
FT DOMAIN 18..142
FT /note="MH1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00438"
FT DOMAIN 323..552
FT /note="MH2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00439"
FT REGION 1..322
FT /note="Mediates interaction with ZBTB7A"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485"
FT REGION 264..297
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 275..320
FT /note="SAD"
FT BINDING 71
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 115
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 127
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 132
FT /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT SITE 515
FT /note="Necessary for heterotrimerization"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT MOD_RES 37
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485"
FT MOD_RES 428
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485"
FT MOD_RES 507
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485"
FT CROSSLNK 113
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in SUMO2)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485"
FT CROSSLNK 519
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q13485"
SQ SEQUENCE 552 AA; 60415 MW; 4304796DE7571CB3 CRC64;
MDNMSITNTP TSNDACLSIV HSLMCHRQGG ESETFAKRAI ESLVKKLKEK KDELDSLITA
ITTNGAHPSK CVTIQRTLDG RLQVAGRKGF PHVIYARLWR WPDLHKNELK HVKYCQYAFD
LKCDSVCVNP YHYERVVSPG IDLSGLTLQS NAPSGMLVKD EYVHDFEGQP SLATEGHSIQ
TIQHPPSNRA STETYSTPAL LAPSESNATS TTNFPNIPVA STSQPASILA GSHSEGLLQI
ASGPQPGQQQ NGFTGQPATY HHNSTTTWTG SRTAPYPPNL PHHQNGHLQH HPPMPPHPGH
YWPVHNELAF QPPISNHPAP EYWCSIAYFE MDVQVGETFK VPSSCPIVTV DGYVDPSGGD
RFCLGQLSNV HRTEAIERAR LHIGKGVQLE CKGEGDVWVR CLSDHAVFVQ SYYLDREAGR
APGDAVHKIY PSAYIKVFDL RQCHRQMQQQ AATAQAAAAA QAAAVAGNIP GPGSVGGIAP
AISLSAAAGI GVDDLRRLCI LRMSFVKGWG PDYPRQSIKE TPCWIEIHLH RALQLLDEVL
HTMPIADPQP LD
