SOLH2_MOUSE
ID SOLH2_MOUSE Reviewed; 467 AA.
AC Q9D489; Q4JI40;
DT 15-JAN-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 15-JAN-2008, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 130.
DE RecName: Full=Spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix-containing protein 2;
GN Name=Sohlh2; Synonyms=Tohlh2;
OS Mus musculus (Mouse).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC Murinae; Mus; Mus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=10090;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND
RP DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=C57BL/6J;
RX PubMed=16765102; DOI=10.1016/j.modgep.2006.04.007;
RA Ballow D.J., Xin Y., Choi Y., Pangas S.A., Rajkovic A.;
RT "Sohlh2 is a germ cell-specific bHLH transcription factor.";
RL Gene Expr. Patterns 6:1014-1018(2006).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=C57BL/6J; TISSUE=Testis;
RX PubMed=16141072; DOI=10.1126/science.1112014;
RA Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N.,
RA Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K.,
RA Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J.,
RA Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R.,
RA Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T.,
RA Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A.,
RA Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B.,
RA Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M.,
RA Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S.,
RA Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E.,
RA Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D.,
RA Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M.,
RA Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H.,
RA Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V.,
RA Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S.,
RA Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H.,
RA Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N.,
RA Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F.,
RA Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G.,
RA Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z.,
RA Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C.,
RA Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y.,
RA Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S.,
RA Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K.,
RA Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R.,
RA van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H.,
RA Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M.,
RA Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C.,
RA Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S.,
RA Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K.,
RA Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M.,
RA Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C.,
RA Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A.,
RA Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.;
RT "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome.";
RL Science 309:1559-1563(2005).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [4]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=16564520; DOI=10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.02.027;
RA Ballow D., Meistrich M.L., Matzuk M., Rajkovic A.;
RT "Sohlh1 is essential for spermatogonial differentiation.";
RL Dev. Biol. 294:161-167(2006).
RN [5]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY, FUNCTION, AND SUBUNIT.
RX PubMed=22056784; DOI=10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.10.027;
RA Suzuki H., Ahn H.W., Chu T., Bowden W., Gassei K., Orwig K., Rajkovic A.;
RT "SOHLH1 and SOHLH2 coordinate spermatogonial differentiation.";
RL Dev. Biol. 361:301-312(2012).
RN [6]
RP DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND DEVELOPMENTAL
RP STAGE.
RX PubMed=28504655; DOI=10.1172/jci90281;
RA Shin Y.H., Ren Y., Suzuki H., Golnoski K.J., Ahn H.W., Mico V.,
RA Rajkovic A.;
RT "Transcription factors SOHLH1 and SOHLH2 coordinate oocyte differentiation
RT without affecting meiosis I.";
RL J. Clin. Invest. 127:2106-2117(2017).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription regulator of both male and female germline
CC differentiation. Suppresses genes involved in spermatogonial stem cells
CC maintenance, and induces genes important for spermatogonial
CC differentiation (PubMed:22056784). Coordinates oocyte differentiation
CC without affecting meiosis I (PubMed:28504655).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22056784, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28504655}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Forms both hetero- and homodimers with SOHLH1.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22056784}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00981,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16765102, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28504655}. Cytoplasm
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28504655}. Note=Translocates from the cytoplasm
CC into the nucleus and the translocation is dependent on SOHLH1 protein
CC expression. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28504655}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Preferentially expressed in the adult ovary and
CC testis. Expressed in the majority of spermatogonia in adult animals,
CC but not in the most undifferentiated spermatogonial population
CC (PubMed:22056784). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22056784}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: In the embryonic gonads it is expressed as early
CC as 13.5 dpc and later. In 3-day-old postnatal ovaries, it is expressed
CC within oocytes in germ cell clusters and primordial follicles. In the
CC adult, it is expressed only in small follicles, primary primordial and
CC primary follicles. In testis, it is exclusively present in
CC spermatogonia. Present at postnatal day 5, when spermatogonia stem
CC cells differentiate into type A spermatogonia. Absent in Sertoli cells
CC or spermatocytes (at protein level). Expressed in the germline as early
CC as 12.5 dpc and precedes SOHLH1 protein expression, which occurred
CC circa 15.5 dpc. SOHLH1 appearance at 15.5 dpc correlates with SOHLH2
CC translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus (PubMed:28504655).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16765102, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28504655}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated in mice lacking Sohlh1.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Knockout mice are infertile. Infertility could
CC not be rescued by SOHLH1 or SOHLH2 transgene expression due to a lack
CC of expression of either genes in rescued animals.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28504655}.
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DR EMBL; DQ086115; AAY86077.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AK016704; BAB30389.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC120917; AAI20918.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC120918; AAI20919.1; -; mRNA.
DR CCDS; CCDS17358.1; -.
DR RefSeq; NP_083213.2; NM_028937.3.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9D489; -.
DR SMR; Q9D489; -.
DR STRING; 10090.ENSMUSP00000029369; -.
DR PhosphoSitePlus; Q9D489; -.
DR MaxQB; Q9D489; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9D489; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9D489; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 261602; -.
DR DNASU; 74434; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSMUST00000029369; ENSMUSP00000029369; ENSMUSG00000027794.
DR GeneID; 74434; -.
DR KEGG; mmu:74434; -.
DR UCSC; uc008pgi.2; mouse.
DR CTD; 54937; -.
DR MGI; MGI:1921684; Sohlh2.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMUSG00000027794; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502S71C; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000016050; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_056118_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9D489; -.
DR OMA; NIVVKYW; -.
DR OrthoDB; 643083at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9D489; -.
DR TreeFam; TF336841; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 74434; 2 hits in 72 CRISPR screens.
DR PRO; PR:Q9D489; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000589; Chromosome 3.
DR RNAct; Q9D489; protein.
DR Bgee; ENSMUSG00000027794; Expressed in ectoplacental cone and 26 other tissues.
DR Genevisible; Q9D489; MM.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0001228; F:DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IDA:NTNU_SB.
DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0042802; F:identical protein binding; IPI:MGI.
DR GO; GO:0046982; F:protein heterodimerization activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0042803; F:protein homodimerization activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0000977; F:RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:NTNU_SB.
DR GO; GO:1990837; F:sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding; ISO:MGI.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009994; P:oocyte differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:NTNU_SB.
DR GO; GO:0001545; P:primary ovarian follicle growth; IMP:MGI.
DR GO; GO:0010468; P:regulation of gene expression; IMP:MGI.
DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0007283; P:spermatogenesis; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR Gene3D; 4.10.280.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR011598; bHLH_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR036638; HLH_DNA-bd_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR032669; SOHLH2.
DR PANTHER; PTHR16223:SF16; PTHR16223:SF16; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00010; HLH; 1.
DR SMART; SM00353; HLH; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47459; SSF47459; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50888; BHLH; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Cytoplasm; Developmental protein; Differentiation; DNA-binding; Nucleus;
KW Oogenesis; Reference proteome; Spermatogenesis; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..467
FT /note="Spermatogenesis- and oogenesis-specific basic helix-
FT loop-helix-containing protein 2"
FT /id="PRO_0000315701"
FT DOMAIN 200..251
FT /note="bHLH"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00981"
FT REGION 443..467
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 13..14
FT /note="RP -> SV (in Ref. 2; BAB30389)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 467 AA; 51325 MW; AC29D2ACA2EDD0AE CRC64;
MADRISTGEL GRRPGQGRVN LLLVGDATRY FLAGSMQKFF PSTAQITLTI SNVKKVAVLL
AANSFDIIFL KVTSTLTAEE QEAAKLIRSG KKKNTHLLFA FVIPERLKGY VSEYGADISF
SEPLTLEKVN TVIHYWKTYF TNTDMENTEL PPECRLYFQT SRSELGGRFS TDMFLCSELL
KNDARLGLKA PLSSLDKSKQ ASFLHSTKEK LRRERIKSCC EQLRTLLPYV KGRKSDVASV
IEATVDYVKQ VRESLSPAIM AQVTEAIQNN RRFSKRQMPI ELFLPFSATS QREDAMLTSA
FSPVQEIQLL ADRGLNVYSM TAAGGALEGA VRGQPGSVSE SSIEDLYKTR VPSTARSLNS
FHSVKYTSGT VSPHEAAART NQNISTYLPP TAPSVSNFIP QHCNAMLCPA RPTSPNCLCT
PGHELAASSR AASASIFRGF RAASASDHQA SQPPALPSPQ PHDSSYF
