SPD3_CAEEL
ID SPD3_CAEEL Reviewed; 478 AA.
AC Q9TYY7;
DT 02-DEC-2020, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAY-2000, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 95.
DE RecName: Full=Spindle defective protein 3 {ECO:0000312|WormBase:H34C03.1};
GN Name=spd-3 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9649522, ECO:0000312|WormBase:H34C03.1};
GN ORFNames=H34C03.1 {ECO:0000312|WormBase:H34C03.1};
OS Caenorhabditis elegans.
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida;
OC Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae;
OC Caenorhabditis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=6239 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940};
RN [1] {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940};
RX PubMed=9851916; DOI=10.1126/science.282.5396.2012;
RG The C. elegans sequencing consortium;
RT "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating
RT biology.";
RL Science 282:2012-2018(1998).
RN [2] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LEU-130.
RX PubMed=9649522; DOI=10.1093/genetics/149.3.1303;
RA O'Connell K.F., Leys C.M., White J.G.;
RT "A genetic screen for temperature-sensitive cell-division mutants of
RT Caenorhabditis elegans.";
RL Genetics 149:1303-1321(1998).
RN [3] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF
RP LEU-130.
RX PubMed=17947426; DOI=10.1534/genetics.107.078386;
RA Dinkelmann M.V., Zhang H., Skop A.R., White J.G.;
RT "SPD-3 is required for spindle alignment in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos
RT and localizes to mitochondria.";
RL Genetics 177:1609-1620(2007).
RN [4] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF 417-HIS--GLU-478.
RX PubMed=23671424; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1003497;
RA Labrador L., Barroso C., Lightfoot J., Mueller-Reichert T., Flibotte S.,
RA Taylor J., Moerman D.G., Villeneuve A.M., Martinez-Perez E.;
RT "Chromosome movements promoted by the mitochondrial protein SPD-3 are
RT required for homology search during Caenorhabditis elegans meiosis.";
RL PLoS Genet. 9:e1003497-e1003497(2013).
CC -!- FUNCTION: In the first mitotic division in embryos, required for
CC mitotic spindle alignment and asymmetric cell division (PubMed:9649522,
CC PubMed:17947426). Required for motor-driven chromosome movement and
CC homolog searching within the nucleus, and subsequently ensures
CC homologous chromosome pairing during the prophase stage of meiosis
CC (PubMed:23671424). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17947426,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23671424, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9649522}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17947426,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23671424}. Mitochondrion outer membrane
CC {ECO:0000305|PubMed:17947426}; Multi-pass membrane protein
CC {ECO:0000255}. Note=Localizes to mitochondria throughout interphase and
CC mitosis (PubMed:17947426, PubMed:23671424). Localizes to mitochondria
CC in the pachytene and transition zone regions of the germ cells
CC (PubMed:23671424). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17947426,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23671424}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in embryos.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17947426}.
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DR EMBL; BX284604; CCD65006.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; T33735; T33735.
DR RefSeq; NP_501036.1; NM_068635.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9TYY7; -.
DR STRING; 6239.H34C03.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9TYY7; -.
DR DNASU; 177438; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; H34C03.1.1; H34C03.1.1; WBGene00004954.
DR GeneID; 177438; -.
DR KEGG; cel:CELE_H34C03.1; -.
DR CTD; 177438; -.
DR WormBase; H34C03.1; CE19499; WBGene00004954; spd-3.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502TH1Z; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_571398_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9TYY7; -.
DR OMA; AFYTEEM; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1237739at2759; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000001940; Chromosome IV.
DR Bgee; WBGene00004954; Expressed in germ line (C elegans) and 4 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005741; C:mitochondrial outer membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0090220; P:chromosome localization to nuclear envelope involved in homologous chromosome segregation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009792; P:embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching; IMP:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0007129; P:homologous chromosome pairing at meiosis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000226; P:microtubule cytoskeleton organization; IMP:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0040025; P:vulval development; IMP:WormBase.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Membrane; Mitochondrion; Mitochondrion outer membrane; Reference proteome;
KW Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix.
FT CHAIN 1..478
FT /note="Spindle defective protein 3"
FT /id="PRO_0000451404"
FT TOPO_DOM 1..24
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 25..45
FT /note="Helical; Name=1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 46..52
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TRANSMEM 53..73
FT /note="Helical; Name=2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 74..478
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT MUTAGEN 130
FT /note="L->F: In oj35; reduces growth rate and results in
FT vulval defects. Produces dead eggs at a restrictive
FT temperature. Defective cell division and cytokinesis during
FT embryogenesis. Fails to extrude extra maternal pronuclei
FT and displays abnormally large polar bodies following
FT alignment of the meiotic spindle. Delayed maternal
FT pronuclear migration, and paternal pronuclear envelope
FT decay near the posterior cortex prior to the pronuclei
FT meeting. Defective orientation of the first mitotic spindle
FT where the mitotic spindle aligns transversely to the
FT anterior-posterior axis. This leads to a mispositioned
FT cleavage plane that does not coordinate with the polarity
FT axis, and results in a failure of the asymmetric division.
FT Astral microtubules are excessive in length as compared to
FT wild-type and make contact with the cortex and continue to
FT grow along it. Embryonic localization of dnc-1 to the
FT centrosomes, along spindle microtubules, and to the plus
FT ends of astral microtubules is similar to wild-type, but it
FT is enriched at posterior structures resembling P granules.
FT In addition, dnc-2 is enriched in the pericentriolar
FT region, the mitotic spindle and cytoplasm. 40% increase in
FT ATP concentration compared to wild-type. The egg lethality
FT and spindle rotation defects are suppressed in a smg-1 RNAi
FT mutant background."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17947426,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9649522"
FT MUTAGEN 417..478
FT /note="Missing: In me85; late onset mitotic defects where
FT old adults display enlarged nuclei in the mitotic region of
FT the germ line. The number of these enlarged nuclei
FT increases with age. Defective homologous chromosome pairing
FT evident by nuclei with variable degrees of chromosome
FT clustering persisting into the pachytene region. Diakinesis
FT oocytes do form chiasmata as in wild-type, but in contrast
FT to wild-type, the number of chiasmata decreases with age.
FT X-chromosomes are frequently involved in non-homologous
FT synapses. Increases the number of sun-1-positive foci in
FT transition zone nuclei during meiotic prophase, but these
FT foci fail to form large aggregates, have reduced movement
FT and reduced number of fusion events. Lower basal rate of
FT oxygen consumption."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:23671424"
SQ SEQUENCE 478 AA; 54418 MW; 3874000F2F0D599F CRC64;
MDQMTVEEKI LEHQELEDGS SSFRWLVSST VIAIGGATVA LYISGKIDWK IPAIEAGLAL
TAGGTITCGY LWFKKRVKTV RKLILQMNKT RSALRKRRQI FFSISMCMPR HRHPSILRAC
RLTVSAIECL TEETKSLNNG TTWQDLYTDE IREIISRSTV DSQLLKIEEI QEGDNDKMDF
EQVFETLISI FKLHASEYSR VVILNFLNSP VFESKKVSKF FETLGRLQEL MYNLESVERL
ALKTETKLSR NERKMDGKMK NKSLLELGWK QQTALALEAI LERLESESVT QSEVESALHK
TFLVVKAEPA FPQPVKKIDV EVKNQDQKNP EVIVIEKGTG ERTDIDMVFE GTPLSEADKL
SASKSAVARD VLLDGSEGRC HEASLFGELK MVLEPRRTDF AKRERTALAK FYGVDEHQLE
QKEDEETFEA IASGDGEDPD PYDWRKDAEM SAGIHHDANN DDFLKSLKLR RVDDDIIE
