ID   SPT31_RAT               Reviewed;        1048 AA.
AC   B6VQA5; Q5U2N7; Q7TSL1;
DT   09-JAN-2013, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   16-DEC-2008, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 66.
DE   RecName: Full=Spermatogenesis-associated protein 31;
DE   AltName: Full=Acrosome-expressed protein 1;
GN   Name=Spata31; Synonyms=Aep1, Vad1.3;
OS   Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC   Murinae; Rattus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10116;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=Brown Norway;
RX   PubMed=15057822; DOI=10.1038/nature02426;
RA   Gibbs R.A., Weinstock G.M., Metzker M.L., Muzny D.M., Sodergren E.J.,
RA   Scherer S., Scott G., Steffen D., Worley K.C., Burch P.E., Okwuonu G.,
RA   Hines S., Lewis L., Deramo C., Delgado O., Dugan-Rocha S., Miner G.,
RA   Morgan M., Hawes A., Gill R., Holt R.A., Adams M.D., Amanatides P.G.,
RA   Baden-Tillson H., Barnstead M., Chin S., Evans C.A., Ferriera S.,
RA   Fosler C., Glodek A., Gu Z., Jennings D., Kraft C.L., Nguyen T.,
RA   Pfannkoch C.M., Sitter C., Sutton G.G., Venter J.C., Woodage T., Smith D.,
RA   Lee H.-M., Gustafson E., Cahill P., Kana A., Doucette-Stamm L.,
RA   Weinstock K., Fechtel K., Weiss R.B., Dunn D.M., Green E.D.,
RA   Blakesley R.W., Bouffard G.G., De Jong P.J., Osoegawa K., Zhu B., Marra M.,
RA   Schein J., Bosdet I., Fjell C., Jones S., Krzywinski M., Mathewson C.,
RA   Siddiqui A., Wye N., McPherson J., Zhao S., Fraser C.M., Shetty J.,
RA   Shatsman S., Geer K., Chen Y., Abramzon S., Nierman W.C., Havlak P.H.,
RA   Chen R., Durbin K.J., Egan A., Ren Y., Song X.-Z., Li B., Liu Y., Qin X.,
RA   Cawley S., Cooney A.J., D'Souza L.M., Martin K., Wu J.Q.,
RA   Gonzalez-Garay M.L., Jackson A.R., Kalafus K.J., McLeod M.P.,
RA   Milosavljevic A., Virk D., Volkov A., Wheeler D.A., Zhang Z., Bailey J.A.,
RA   Eichler E.E., Tuzun E., Birney E., Mongin E., Ureta-Vidal A., Woodwark C.,
RA   Zdobnov E., Bork P., Suyama M., Torrents D., Alexandersson M., Trask B.J.,
RA   Young J.M., Huang H., Wang H., Xing H., Daniels S., Gietzen D., Schmidt J.,
RA   Stevens K., Vitt U., Wingrove J., Camara F., Mar Alba M., Abril J.F.,
RA   Guigo R., Smit A., Dubchak I., Rubin E.M., Couronne O., Poliakov A.,
RA   Huebner N., Ganten D., Goesele C., Hummel O., Kreitler T., Lee Y.-A.,
RA   Monti J., Schulz H., Zimdahl H., Himmelbauer H., Lehrach H., Jacob H.J.,
RA   Bromberg S., Gullings-Handley J., Jensen-Seaman M.I., Kwitek A.E.,
RA   Lazar J., Pasko D., Tonellato P.J., Twigger S., Ponting C.P., Duarte J.M.,
RA   Rice S., Goodstadt L., Beatson S.A., Emes R.D., Winter E.E., Webber C.,
RA   Brandt P., Nyakatura G., Adetobi M., Chiaromonte F., Elnitski L.,
RA   Eswara P., Hardison R.C., Hou M., Kolbe D., Makova K., Miller W.,
RA   Nekrutenko A., Riemer C., Schwartz S., Taylor J., Yang S., Zhang Y.,
RA   Lindpaintner K., Andrews T.D., Caccamo M., Clamp M., Clarke L., Curwen V.,
RA   Durbin R.M., Eyras E., Searle S.M., Cooper G.M., Batzoglou S., Brudno M.,
RA   Sidow A., Stone E.A., Payseur B.A., Bourque G., Lopez-Otin C., Puente X.S.,
RA   Chakrabarti K., Chatterji S., Dewey C., Pachter L., Bray N., Yap V.B.,
RA   Caspi A., Tesler G., Pevzner P.A., Haussler D., Roskin K.M., Baertsch R.,
RA   Clawson H., Furey T.S., Hinrichs A.S., Karolchik D., Kent W.J.,
RA   Rosenbloom K.R., Trumbower H., Weirauch M., Cooper D.N., Stenson P.D.,
RA   Ma B., Brent M., Arumugam M., Shteynberg D., Copley R.R., Taylor M.S.,
RA   Riethman H., Mudunuri U., Peterson J., Guyer M., Felsenfeld A., Old S.,
RA   Mockrin S., Collins F.S.;
RT   "Genome sequence of the Brown Norway rat yields insights into mammalian
RT   evolution.";
RL   Nature 428:493-521(2004).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Testis;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 20-1048, FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION,
RP   INTERACTION WITH ACTB, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC   STRAIN=Sprague-Dawley; TISSUE=Testis;
RX   PubMed=16924657; DOI=10.1002/jcp.20746;
RA   Luk J.M., Lee N.P., Shum C.K., Lam B.Y., Siu A.F., Che C.M., Tam P.C.,
RA   Cheung A.N., Yang Z.M., Lin Y.N., Matzuk M.M., Lee K.F., Yeung W.S.;
RT   "Acrosome-specific gene AEP1: identification, characterization and roles in
RT   spermatogenesis.";
RL   J. Cell. Physiol. 209:755-766(2006).
RN   [4]
RP   IDENTIFICATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   PubMed=12878178; DOI=10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01250-6;
RA   Luk J.M., Mok B.W., Shum C.K., Yeung W.S., Tam P.C., Tse J.Y., Chow J.F.,
RA   Woo J., Kam K., Lee K.F.;
RT   "Identification of novel genes expressed during spermatogenesis in stage-
RT   synchronized rat testes by differential display.";
RL   Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 307:782-790(2003).
RN   [5]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INTERACTION WITH ACTB AND SYNTAXIN.
RX   PubMed=20850414; DOI=10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.09.049;
RA   Zuo Y., Gao J., Yeung W.S., Lee K.F.;
RT   "The testis-specific VAD1.3/AEP1 interacts with ?-actin and syntaxin 1 and
RT   directs peri-nuclear/Golgi expression with bipartite nucleus localization
RT   (BNL) sequence.";
RL   Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 401:275-280(2010).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: May play a role in spermatogenesis.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16924657}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: May interact with ACTB and the syntaxin STX1A and/or STX1B.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome
CC       membrane {ECO:0000305}; Single-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000305}.
CC       Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome lumen
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16924657, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20850414}.
CC       Note=Localizes to the inner and outer membranes as well as to the
CC       matrix of the acrosome.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Specifically expressed in testis by haploid germ
CC       cells. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12878178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16924657}.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: First detected at day 25 postpartum, the
CC       expression increases until day 35 and remains identical till adulthood.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16924657}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPATA31 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=AAP42847.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC   Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   EMBL; BC085936; AAH85936.2; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AF511042; AAP42847.2; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001008360.2; NM_001008359.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; B6VQA5; -.
DR   STRING; 10116.ENSRNOP00000024504; -.
DR   iPTMnet; B6VQA5; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; B6VQA5; -.
DR   PaxDb; B6VQA5; -.
DR   PRIDE; B6VQA5; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENSRNOT00000024504; ENSRNOP00000024504; ENSRNOG00000018202.
DR   GeneID; 353306; -.
DR   KEGG; rno:353306; -.
DR   UCSC; RGD:727950; rat.
DR   CTD; 727905; -.
DR   RGD; 727950; Spata31.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG502RU0E; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00950000183043; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_005668_2_1_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; B6VQA5; -.
DR   OMA; IQHPEWP; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1095565at2759; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF338531; -.
DR   PRO; PR:B6VQA5; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002494; Chromosome 17.
DR   Bgee; ENSRNOG00000018202; Expressed in testis and 1 other tissue.
DR   Genevisible; B6VQA5; RN.
DR   GO; GO:0043160; C:acrosomal lumen; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0002080; C:acrosomal membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0001669; C:acrosomal vesicle; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0003779; F:actin binding; IPI:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0007283; P:spermatogenesis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   InterPro; IPR039509; SPATA31/FAM205.
DR   Pfam; PF14650; FAM75; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Cytoplasmic vesicle; Differentiation; Membrane; Reference proteome;
KW   Spermatogenesis; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix.
FT   CHAIN           1..1048
FT                   /note="Spermatogenesis-associated protein 31"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000420573"
FT   TRANSMEM        22..42
FT                   /note="Helical"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   REGION          858..887
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        869..884
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ   SEQUENCE   1048 AA;  119551 MW;  6917B272715EAC8D CRC64;
     MENLPSLLES IYTTWLSLSS TIWAMDMILA FVCGLGLYLL LLPFLESHLS SSPSDINFTR
     KPQIQMTWQS QYMKKFRNHC RNDAKAWEEC LKKLKEKEKD ELFLEEMSPG HHLNSLGNMF
     NSASAKQDST TLSPFWNLKE KSEEQMATQK LSYPKISGDH LQEKYDQLYW GLPSLHSESL
     VAAAWIPQTT STLPSPFFLF NVISSVYPIH LQDKMSPVLP HTHPLSYLDL QPPPLILSPL
     EFQSPALNQV HFQSPLPVLL PSSLPYSRDS GACYSQSQSK PHCPTTEIQY RERPLVTKQL
     ESRLTLPLMV QKDAYSILAS NPSHDWAVPI FPDNFPISCE LRDKLEQHIQ KWFIQHQWYF
     PPEIQESEEV MGLQNSVTGN YQIRDQPCTS QAHMSTGEHN KQGQKVKFQL ENESCKNLGP
     ILGKGPKDPV KGLEKNVVKV QGANILEPER NLVKHFKSDS RNDSSNYIDE DLENNWKANF
     GTKSGQINQG LTPLSMRQSW LAMNDSFCDT DIHMETRNLT AIKSSEKFMC SREKLAFLNP
     ETRQTLEEHV VRFWVKHRWG LPLKMLKPIN LFKLKSTESL PLTLCTQPSS TNSVHRTNSA
     VEVVRFLGKP CLRQIIIKDS SPPPGNLLLV SSPSCKRAAI RRPPSGVDHE PSVALPNKPQ
     SAYLAETLAY NFMETPTQSG GVLKDEMETE EVLLLPRMTC APNLRAHNPQ AKVVSEYPYN
     VETELTGQPQ IYTTSVLLPK HSRSMPLPVD TLTSNALGDI VMVDGGNGLV QQRPSTPKHQ
     VSQKGQIKML VPTYQGEDTK RQSERKYEDM SKFSPVTERK NNFENQYYQT LPKTTQVLPE
     SLFQRLLSRF LPRVHPKKTI KGQECHPQKD NPTAATAQNQ RRQVRKQPYM DDNVTEAQKL
     MTTVGQMLEK KMMQHQHHAS KVNQPRVVPP GPTSWFSHGH MPVSCLKRRR PPSYPANSLC
     QRRYIQGRHN RGQLPQKSVQ FSQKPQILRN PRHMYPKSAL NVVNSSQNRT TVPRTPNQHL
     CCPRHCAFQR NVCRELGHPS VAFPNRKT