STAD2_OPHAA
ID STAD2_OPHAA Reviewed; 376 AA.
AC E3PZS3;
DT 16-MAY-2012, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 11-JAN-2011, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 32.
DE RecName: Full=Palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 4-desaturase 2, chloroplastic;
DE EC=1.14.19.11 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E3PZS2};
DE AltName: Full=Acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] desaturase 2;
DE AltName: Full=Stearoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 9-desaturase 2;
DE Short=Stearoyl-ACP desaturase 2;
DE EC=1.14.19.2 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E3PZS2};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=SAD2;
OS Ophrys arachnitiformis subsp. archipelagi (Orchid) (Ophrys exaltata subsp.
OS archipelagi).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Asparagales; Orchidaceae;
OC Orchidoideae; Orchideae; Orchidinae; Ophrys.
OX NCBI_TaxID=884019;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC TISSUE=Flower;
RX PubMed=21436056; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1013313108;
RA Schlueter P.M., Xu S., Gagliardini V., Whittle E., Shanklin J.,
RA Grossniklaus U., Schiestl F.P.;
RT "Stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturases are associated with floral
RT isolation in sexually deceptive orchids.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:5696-5701(2011).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Converts stearoyl-ACP to oleoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis
CC double bond between carbons 9 and 10 of the acyl chain. Converts
CC palmitoyl-ACP to (4Z)-hexadec-4-enoyl-ACP by introduction of a cis
CC double bond between carbons 4 and 5 of the acyl chain. Catalyzes the
CC desaturation of saturated fatty acid 18:0 and 16:0 to generate 18:1
CC (delta-9) and 16:1 (delta-4) intermediates, expected to give rise to 9-
CC alkenes and 12-alkenes, respectively. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E3PZS2}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=2 H(+) + hexadecanoyl-[ACP] + O2 + 2 reduced [2Fe-2S]-
CC [ferredoxin] = (4Z)-hexadecenoyl-[ACP] + 2 H2O + 2 oxidized [2Fe-2S]-
CC [ferredoxin]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38043, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9652, Rhea:RHEA-
CC COMP:10000, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10001, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11488,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:33737, ChEBI:CHEBI:33738, ChEBI:CHEBI:78483,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:85919; EC=1.14.19.11;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E3PZS2};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=2 H(+) + O2 + octadecanoyl-[ACP] + 2 reduced [2Fe-2S]-
CC [ferredoxin] = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-[ACP] + 2 H2O + 2 oxidized [2Fe-2S]-
CC [ferredoxin]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11776, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9656, Rhea:RHEA-
CC COMP:9924, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10000, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10001,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:33737, ChEBI:CHEBI:33738, ChEBI:CHEBI:78495,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:78783; EC=1.14.19.2;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E3PZS2};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=Fe(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29033;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337};
CC Note=Binds 2 Fe(2+) ions per subunit. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337};
CC -!- PATHWAY: Lipid metabolism; fatty acid metabolism.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Preferentially expressed in the flower labellum.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21436056}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 2 family.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; FR688110; CBW95567.1; -; mRNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; E3PZS3; -.
DR SMR; E3PZS3; -.
DR UniPathway; UPA00199; -.
DR GO; GO:0009570; C:chloroplast stroma; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0045300; F:acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] desaturase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0102786; F:stearoyl-[acp] desaturase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR GO; GO:0006633; P:fatty acid biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR CDD; cd01050; Acyl_ACP_Desat; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.620.20; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR005067; Fatty_acid_desaturase-2.
DR InterPro; IPR009078; Ferritin-like_SF.
DR InterPro; IPR012348; RNR-like.
DR PANTHER; PTHR31155; PTHR31155; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03405; FA_desaturase_2; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF000346; Dlt9_acylACP_des; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47240; SSF47240; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Chloroplast; Fatty acid biosynthesis; Fatty acid metabolism; Iron;
KW Lipid biosynthesis; Lipid metabolism; Metal-binding; Oxidoreductase;
KW Plastid; Transit peptide.
FT TRANSIT 1..33
FT /note="Chloroplast"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 34..376
FT /note="Palmitoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] 4-desaturase 2,
FT chloroplastic"
FT /id="PRO_0000417066"
FT BINDING 114
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
FT BINDING 149
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
FT BINDING 149
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
FT BINDING 152
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
FT BINDING 202
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
FT BINDING 235
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
FT BINDING 235
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
FT BINDING 238
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /ligand_label="2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22337"
SQ SEQUENCE 376 AA; 42465 MW; 64F9EEAB060AA385 CRC64;
MELHLALRAS PLPAADPGRR PPPPRGNFAT NCTAAINSTH ISQEKFRSLD SWVEHNMLTF
LKPVEKCWQP QDFLPDPSHL SAEELGDAVR EIHERAAEIP DEVWVCMVGN MVTEEALPTY
QSLISSVLGG TVAGSTPWDR WIRGWSAEEN RHGDLLNKYL YLTGRLDMRQ VEKTIQYLIG
SGMDVGVGNS ILCGFIYTCF QEKATFIPHG NTARLAKHHG DTTLAKICGL VAADEKRHAA
AYTNLMRKLF EVDPNESMLA FAHVMQARVT MPASRMFDGR DPHLFTHFSD VSQKIGVYTV
GDYSEMLDFF LKEWDISAIV DGLSPEGRRV QEYVCGLPEV MRKLAERADD RRKKLVNVGE
PRYIPFSWIF NKQVRV
