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SUV91_BOVIN
ID   SUV91_BOVIN             Reviewed;         412 AA.
AC   Q2NL30;
DT   03-APR-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   07-FEB-2006, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 105.
DE   RecName: Full=Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1;
DE            EC=2.1.1.355 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O43463};
DE   AltName: Full=Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1;
DE            Short=Su(var)3-9 homolog 1;
GN   Name=SUV39H1;
OS   Bos taurus (Bovine).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae;
OC   Bovinae; Bos.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9913;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=Crossbred X Angus; TISSUE=Liver;
RG   NIH - Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project;
RL   Submitted (DEC-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates
CC       'Lys-9' of histone H3 using monomethylated H3 'Lys-9' as substrate. H3
CC       'Lys-9' trimethylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic
CC       transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 (CBX1, CBX3 and/or CBX5)
CC       proteins to methylated histones. Mainly functions in heterochromatin
CC       regions, thereby playing a central role in the establishment of
CC       constitutive heterochromatin at pericentric and telomere regions. H3
CC       'Lys-9' trimethylation is also required to direct DNA methylation at
CC       pericentric repeats. SUV39H1 is targeted to histone H3 via its
CC       interaction with RB1 and is involved in many processes, such as
CC       repression of MYOD1-stimulated differentiation, regulation of the
CC       control switch for exiting the cell cycle and entering differentiation,
CC       repression by the PML-RARA fusion protein, BMP-induced repression,
CC       repression of switch recombination to IgA and regulation of telomere
CC       length. Component of the eNoSC (energy-dependent nucleolar silencing)
CC       complex, a complex that mediates silencing of rDNA in response to
CC       intracellular energy status and acts by recruiting histone-modifying
CC       enzymes. The eNoSC complex is able to sense the energy status of cell:
CC       upon glucose starvation, elevation of NAD(+)/NADP(+) ratio activates
CC       SIRT1, leading to histone H3 deacetylation followed by dimethylation of
CC       H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me2) by SUV39H1 and the formation of silent
CC       chromatin in the rDNA locus. Recruited by the large PER complex to the
CC       E-box elements of the circadian target genes such as PER2 itself or
CC       PER1, contributes to the conversion of local chromatin to a
CC       heterochromatin-like repressive state through H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation
CC       (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=L-lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3 H(+) +
CC         N(6),N(6),N(6)-trimethyl-L-lysyl(9)-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-
CC         homocysteine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:60276, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:15538, Rhea:RHEA-
CC         COMP:15546, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29969, ChEBI:CHEBI:57856,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:59789, ChEBI:CHEBI:61961; EC=2.1.1.355;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O43463, ECO:0000255|PROSITE-
CC         ProRule:PRU00912};
CC   -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Negatively regulated by CCAR2. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with H3 and H4 histones. Interacts with GFI1B,
CC       DNMT3B, CBX1, CBX4, CCAR2, MBD1, RUNX1, RUNX3, MYOD1, SMAD5 and RB1.
CC       Interacts with SBF1 through the SET domain. Interacts with HDAC1 and
CC       HDAC2 through the N-terminus and associates with the core histone
CC       deacetylase complex composed of HDAC1, HDAC2, RBBP4 and RBBP7.
CC       Component of the eNoSC complex, composed of SIRT1, SUV39H1 and RRP8 (By
CC       similarity). Interacts (via SET domain) with MECOM; enhances MECOM
CC       transcriptional repression activity. Interacts with LMNA; the
CC       interaction increases stability of SUV39H1. The large PER complex
CC       involved in the histone methylation is composed of at least PER2, CBX3,
CC       TRIM28, SUV39H1 and/or SUV39H2; CBX3 mediates the formation of the
CC       complex (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus lamina
CC       {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus, nucleoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Chromosome,
CC       centromere {ECO:0000250}. Note=Associates with centromeric constitutive
CC       heterochromatin. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: Although the SET domain contains the active site of enzymatic
CC       activity, both pre-SET and post-SET domains are required for
CC       methyltransferase activity. The SET domain also participates in stable
CC       binding to heterochromatin (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: In the pre-SET domain, Cys residues bind 3 zinc ions that are
CC       arranged in a triangular cluster; some of these Cys residues contribute
CC       to the binding of two zinc ions within the cluster. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- PTM: Phosphorylated on serine residues, and to a lesser degree, on
CC       threonine residues. The phosphorylated form is stabilized by SBF1 and
CC       is less active in its transcriptional repressor function (By
CC       similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- PTM: Acetylated at Lys-266, leading to inhibition of enzyme activity.
CC       SIRT1-mediated deacetylation relieves this inhibition (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase
CC       superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. Suvar3-9
CC       subfamily. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00912}.
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DR   EMBL; BC111156; AAI11157.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001039729.1; NM_001046264.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q2NL30; -.
DR   SMR; Q2NL30; -.
DR   STRING; 9913.ENSBTAP00000006178; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q2NL30; -.
DR   PRIDE; Q2NL30; -.
DR   GeneID; 523047; -.
DR   KEGG; bta:523047; -.
DR   CTD; 6839; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG1082; Eukaryota.
DR   InParanoid; Q2NL30; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 753093at2759; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000009136; Unplaced.
DR   GO; GO:0000775; C:chromosome, centromeric region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0000792; C:heterochromatin; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005652; C:nuclear lamina; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0046974; F:histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K9 specific); ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0000976; F:transcription cis-regulatory region binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0008270; F:zinc ion binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0007049; P:cell cycle; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006325; P:chromatin organization; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0036123; P:histone H3-K9 dimethylation; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0036124; P:histone H3-K9 trimethylation; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0042754; P:negative regulation of circadian rhythm; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0048511; P:rhythmic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006364; P:rRNA processing; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   Gene3D; 2.170.270.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR016197; Chromo-like_dom_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR000953; Chromo/chromo_shadow_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR023780; Chromo_domain.
DR   InterPro; IPR023779; Chromodomain_CS.
DR   InterPro; IPR011381; Histone_H3-K9_MeTrfase.
DR   InterPro; IPR003616; Post-SET_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR007728; Pre-SET_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR001214; SET_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR046341; SET_dom_sf.
DR   Pfam; PF00385; Chromo; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF05033; Pre-SET; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00856; SET; 1.
DR   PIRSF; PIRSF009343; SUV39_SET; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00298; CHROMO; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00508; PostSET; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00468; PreSET; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00317; SET; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF54160; SSF54160; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF82199; SSF82199; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00598; CHROMO_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50013; CHROMO_2; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50868; POST_SET; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50867; PRE_SET; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS51579; SAM_MT43_SUVAR39_3; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50280; SET; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Acetylation; Biological rhythms; Cell cycle; Centromere;
KW   Chromatin regulator; Chromosome; Differentiation; Metal-binding;
KW   Methyltransferase; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Repressor;
KW   rRNA processing; S-adenosyl-L-methionine; Transcription;
KW   Transcription regulation; Transferase; Zinc.
FT   CHAIN           1..412
FT                   /note="Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SUV39H1"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000281809"
FT   DOMAIN          43..101
FT                   /note="Chromo"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00053"
FT   DOMAIN          179..240
FT                   /note="Pre-SET"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00157"
FT   DOMAIN          243..366
FT                   /note="SET"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00190"
FT   DOMAIN          396..412
FT                   /note="Post-SET"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00155"
FT   REGION          1..89
FT                   /note="Interaction with SIRT1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   REGION          255..377
FT                   /note="Mediates interaction with MECOM"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         181
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         181
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         183
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         186
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         186
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         194
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         195
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         195
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         222
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         222
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         226
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         228
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         232
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         254..256
FT                   /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         297
FT                   /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00190"
FT   BINDING         323..324
FT                   /ligand="S-adenosyl-L-methionine"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:59789"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         326
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         400
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         402
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   BINDING         407
FT                   /ligand="Zn(2+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29105"
FT                   /ligand_label="4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         266
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O43463"
FT   MOD_RES         391
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O43463"
SQ   SEQUENCE   412 AA;  47846 MW;  723990F42CDFAFC2 CRC64;
     MAESLKGCSV CCKSSWNQLQ DLCRLAKLSC PALGISKRNL YDFEVEYLCD YKKIREQEYY
     LVKWRGYPDS ESTWEPRQNL KCVRILKQFH KDLERELLRR HHRSKPPRHL DPSLANYLVQ
     KAKQRRALRR WEQELNAKRS HLGRITVENE VDLDGPPRAF VYINEYRVGE GITLNQVAVG
     CECQDCLWAP AGGCCPGASL HKFAYNDQGQ VRLRAGLPIY ECNSRCRCGY DCPNRVVQKG
     IRYDLCIFRT DDGRGWGVRT LEKIRKNSFV MEYVGEIITS EEAERRGQIY DRQGATYLFD
     LDYVEDVYTV DAAYYGNISH FVNHSCDPNL QVYNVFIDNL DERLPRIAFF ATRTIRAGEE
     LTFDYNMQVD PVDMESTRMD SNFGLAGLPG SPKKRVRIEC KCGTESCRKY LF
 
 
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