SXL_DROSU
ID SXL_DROSU Reviewed; 354 AA.
AC Q24668; Q24665; Q24666; Q24667;
DT 01-DEC-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-NOV-1999, sequence version 2.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 101.
DE RecName: Full=Protein sex-lethal;
GN Name=Sxl;
OS Drosophila subobscura (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7241;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2; 3; 4 AND 5).
RX PubMed=8978052; DOI=10.1093/genetics/144.4.1653;
RA Penalva L.O.F., Sakamoto H., Navarro-Sabate A., Sakashita E., Granadino B.,
RA Segarra C., Sanchez L.;
RT "Regulation of the gene Sex-lethal: a comparative analysis of Drosophila
RT melanogaster and Drosophila subobscura.";
RL Genetics 144:1653-1664(1996).
RN [2]
RP SEQUENCE REVISION.
RA Penalva L.O.F., Sanchez L.;
RL Submitted (AUG-1999) to UniProtKB.
CC -!- FUNCTION: Sex determination switch protein which controls sexual
CC development by sex-specific splicing. Regulates dosage compensation in
CC females by suppressing hyperactivation of X-linked genes. Expression of
CC the embryo-specific isoform is under the control of primary sex-
CC determining signal, which depends on the ratio of X chromosomes
CC relative to autosomes (X:A ratio). Expression occurs in 2X:2A cells,
CC but not in X:2A cells. The X:A ratio seems to be signaled by the
CC relative concentration of the X-linked transcription factors SIS-A and
CC SIS-B. As a result, the embryo-specific product is expressed early only
CC in female embryos and specifies female-adult specific splicing; in the
CC male where it is not expressed, the default splicing gives rise to a
CC truncated nonfunctional protein. The female-specific isoform specifies
CC the splicing of its own transcript, thereby initiating a positive
CC autoregulatory feedback loop leading to female development pathway. The
CC female-specific isoform controls the sex-specific splicing of
CC transformer (TRA); acts as a translational repressor for male-specific
CC lethal-2 (MSL-2) and prevents male-less (MLE), MSL-1 and MSL-3 proteins
CC from associating with the female X chromosome (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Part of a complex containing fl(2)d, Sxl and vir.
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=5;
CC Comment=Additional isoforms seem to exist.;
CC Name=2; Synonyms=Female-specific;
CC IsoId=Q24668-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=1; Synonyms=Embryo-specific;
CC IsoId=Q24668-2; Sequence=VSP_005887;
CC Name=3; Synonyms=Male-specific;
CC IsoId=Q24668-3; Sequence=VSP_005888, VSP_005889;
CC Name=4; Synonyms=Embryo-specific-8AA;
CC IsoId=Q24668-4; Sequence=VSP_005887, VSP_005890;
CC Name=5; Synonyms=Female-specific-8AA;
CC IsoId=Q24668-5; Sequence=VSP_005890;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: The embryo-specific isoform is not expressed in the
CC pole cells, which are the progenitors of the germline.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: The embryo-specific isoform is expressed during
CC the syncytial blastoderm stage. Expressed only in chromosomal female
CC embryos.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The Gly-Asn rich domain is required for the cooperative
CC interaction with RNA and for regulating the splicing activity.
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=CAA67017.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC Sequence=CAA67019.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; X98370; CAA67016.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; X98371; CAA67017.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; X98371; CAA67018.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; X98371; CAA67019.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q24668; -.
DR SMR; Q24668; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0016371; Dsub\Sxl.
DR GO; GO:1990904; C:ribonucleoprotein complex; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0003723; F:RNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0000380; P:alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0007530; P:sex determination; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0007548; P:sex differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.70.330; -; 2.
DR InterPro; IPR002343; Hud_Sxl_RNA.
DR InterPro; IPR012677; Nucleotide-bd_a/b_plait_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR035979; RBD_domain_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR000504; RRM_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR006546; Sxl.
DR Pfam; PF00076; RRM_1; 2.
DR PRINTS; PR00961; HUDSXLRNA.
DR SMART; SM00360; RRM; 2.
DR SUPFAM; SSF54928; SSF54928; 1.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR01659; sex-lethal; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50102; RRM; 2.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Alternative splicing; Differentiation; Repeat; RNA-binding;
KW Sexual differentiation; Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..354
FT /note="Protein sex-lethal"
FT /id="PRO_0000081968"
FT DOMAIN 127..205
FT /note="RRM 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00176"
FT DOMAIN 213..293
FT /note="RRM 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00176"
FT REGION 1..20
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1..19
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT VAR_SEQ 1..25
FT /note="MYGNNNPGSNNNNGGYPPYGYNKSS -> MDFSFETVTPPCRPHGRRIIISR
FT WQ (in isoform 1 and isoform 4)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:8978052"
FT /id="VSP_005887"
FT VAR_SEQ 26..59
FT /note="GGRGFGMSHSLPSGMSRYAFSPQDTEFSFPSSSS -> SFHSYGVAGVTACP
FT PSKSRNRFRFRQKRKDTRNS (in isoform 3)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:8978052"
FT /id="VSP_005888"
FT VAR_SEQ 41..48
FT /note="Missing (in isoform 4 and isoform 5)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:8978052"
FT /id="VSP_005890"
FT VAR_SEQ 60..354
FT /note="Missing (in isoform 3)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:8978052"
FT /id="VSP_005889"
SQ SEQUENCE 354 AA; 38715 MW; 760347AEF4D87868 CRC64;
MYGNNNPGSN NNNGGYPPYG YNKSSGGRGF GMSHSLPSGM SRYAFSPQDT EFSFPSSSSR
RGYNEFPGGG GIGIGANGGS ANNLGGNMCN LLPMTSNNSL SNLCGLSLGS GGSDDHMMMH
DQRSSNTNLI VNYLPQDMTD RELYALFRAI GPINTCRIMR DYKTGYSFGY AFVDFTSEMD
SQRAIKVLNG ITVRNKRLKV SYARPGGESI KDTNLYVTNL PRTITDDQLD TIFGKYGSIV
QKNILRDKLT GRPRGVAFVR YNKREEAQEA ISALNNVIPE GGSQPLSVRL AQEHGKAKAA
HFMSQIGVPS ANAPPPPPPP PHMAFNNMVH RGRSIKSQQR FQKTHPYFDA QKFI
