T2R19_HUMAN
ID T2R19_HUMAN Reviewed; 299 AA.
AC P59542; Q3MIJ4; Q645X8;
DT 11-APR-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 11-APR-2003, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 144.
DE RecName: Full=Taste receptor type 2 member 19;
DE AltName: Full=Taste receptor type 2 member 23;
DE AltName: Full=Taste receptor type 2 member 48;
DE Short=T2R48;
GN Name=TAS2R19; Synonyms=TAS2R23, TAS2R48;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=12379855; DOI=10.1038/ng1014;
RA Bufe B., Hofmann T., Krautwurst D., Raguse J.-D., Meyerhof W.;
RT "The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-
RT glucopyranosides.";
RL Nat. Genet. 32:397-401(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=15496549; DOI=10.1093/molbev/msi027;
RA Fischer A., Gilad Y., Man O., Paeaebo S.;
RT "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.";
RL Mol. Biol. Evol. 22:432-436(2005).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Brain;
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [4]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=12139982; DOI=10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00345-8;
RA Montmayeur J.-P., Matsunami H.;
RT "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.";
RL Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12:366-371(2002).
RN [5]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=11696554; DOI=10.1074/jbc.r100054200;
RA Margolskee R.F.;
RT "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 277:1-4(2002).
RN [6]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=12581520; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00071-0;
RA Zhang Y., Hoon M.A., Chandrashekar J., Mueller K.L., Cook B., Wu D.,
RA Zuker C.S., Ryba N.J.;
RT "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells
RT sharing similar signaling pathways.";
RL Cell 112:293-301(2003).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness
CC and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical
CC composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this
CC receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation
CC and lead to the gating of TRPM5 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC P59542; Q9UIQ6-2: LNPEP; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-12847034, EBI-12133176;
CC P59542; Q8N4V1: MMGT1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-12847034, EBI-6163737;
CC P59542; O15173: PGRMC2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-12847034, EBI-1050125;
CC P59542; P15151: PVR; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-12847034, EBI-3919694;
CC P59542; Q9NUH8: TMEM14B; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-12847034, EBI-8638294;
CC P59542; Q9NRX6: TMEM167B; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-12847034, EBI-17684533;
CC P59542; Q6NUM6: TYW1B; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-12847034, EBI-12847032;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the
CC tongue and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Most taste cells may be activated by a limited number of
CC bitter compounds; individual taste cells can discriminate among bitter
CC stimuli.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AF494234; AAM19325.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY724939; AAU21141.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BC101804; AAI01805.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC111998; AAI11999.1; -; mRNA.
DR CCDS; CCDS8640.1; -.
DR RefSeq; NP_795369.1; NM_176888.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P59542; -.
DR SMR; P59542; -.
DR BioGRID; 129249; 34.
DR IntAct; P59542; 7.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000375091; -.
DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL4523255; -.
DR TCDB; 9.A.14.17.1; the g-protein-coupled receptor (gpcr) family.
DR GlyGen; P59542; 1 site.
DR iPTMnet; P59542; -.
DR BioMuta; TAS2R19; -.
DR DMDM; 29839480; -.
DR jPOST; P59542; -.
DR PaxDb; P59542; -.
DR PeptideAtlas; P59542; -.
DR PRIDE; P59542; -.
DR Antibodypedia; 23421; 34 antibodies from 13 providers.
DR DNASU; 259294; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000390673.2; ENSP00000375091.2; ENSG00000212124.2.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000573562.1; ENSP00000461533.1; ENSG00000263028.1.
DR GeneID; 259294; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:259294; -.
DR MANE-Select; ENST00000390673.2; ENSP00000375091.2; NM_176888.2; NP_795369.1.
DR UCSC; uc010shj.3; human.
DR CTD; 259294; -.
DR DisGeNET; 259294; -.
DR GeneCards; TAS2R19; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:19108; TAS2R19.
DR HPA; ENSG00000212124; Low tissue specificity.
DR MIM; 613961; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_P59542; -.
DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000212124; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000212124; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502TE6U; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00960000186648; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_072337_2_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P59542; -.
DR OMA; MCFLLII; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1339037at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; P59542; -.
DR TreeFam; TF335891; -.
DR PathwayCommons; P59542; -.
DR Reactome; R-HSA-418594; G alpha (i) signalling events.
DR Reactome; R-HSA-420499; Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors).
DR SignaLink; P59542; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 259294; 15 hits in 998 CRISPR screens.
DR GeneWiki; TAS2R19; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 259294; -.
DR Pharos; P59542; Tchem.
DR PRO; PR:P59542; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 12.
DR RNAct; P59542; protein.
DR Bgee; ENSG00000212124; Expressed in adrenal tissue and 101 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; TAS:Reactome.
DR GO; GO:0004930; F:G protein-coupled receptor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0050909; P:sensory perception of taste; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR007960; TAS2R.
DR Pfam; PF05296; TAS2R; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW G-protein coupled receptor; Glycoprotein; Membrane; Receptor;
KW Reference proteome; Sensory transduction; Taste; Transducer; Transmembrane;
KW Transmembrane helix.
FT CHAIN 1..299
FT /note="Taste receptor type 2 member 19"
FT /id="PRO_0000082328"
FT TOPO_DOM 1
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 2..22
FT /note="Helical; Name=1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 23..55
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 56..76
FT /note="Helical; Name=2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 77..87
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 88..108
FT /note="Helical; Name=3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 109..127
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 128..148
FT /note="Helical; Name=4"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 149..181
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 182..202
FT /note="Helical; Name=5"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 203..226
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 227..247
FT /note="Helical; Name=6"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 248..259
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 260..280
FT /note="Helical; Name=7"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 281..299
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 161
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT VARIANT 126
FT /note="K -> Q (in dbSNP:rs12424373)"
FT /id="VAR_053354"
FT VARIANT 299
FT /note="R -> C (in dbSNP:rs10772420)"
FT /id="VAR_053355"
SQ SEQUENCE 299 AA; 33908 MW; 843EAEF42105EBE0 CRC64;
MMCFLLIISS ILVVFAFVLG NVANGFIALV NVIDWVNTRK ISSAEQILTA LVVSRIGLLW
VMLFLWYATV FNSALYGLEV RIVASNAWAV TNHFSMWLAA SLSIFCLLKI ANFSNLISLH
LKKRIKSVVL VILLGPLVFL ICNLAVITMD ERVWTKEYEG NVTWKIKLRN AIHLSSLTVT
TLANLIPFTL SLICFLLLIC SLCKHLKKMR LHSKGSQDPS TKVHIKALQT VTSFLMLFAI
YFLCIITSTW NLRTQQSKLV LLLCQTVAIM YPSFHSFILI MGSRKLKQTF LSVLWQMTR
