TA2R4_HUMAN
ID TA2R4_HUMAN Reviewed; 299 AA.
AC Q9NYW5; Q645W5; Q75MV8;
DT 11-APR-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-OCT-2000, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 157.
DE RecName: Full=Taste receptor type 2 member 4;
DE Short=T2R4;
GN Name=TAS2R4;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND TOPOLOGY.
RX PubMed=10761934; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80705-9;
RA Adler E., Hoon M.A., Mueller K.L., Chandrashekar J., Ryba N.J.P.,
RA Zuker C.S.;
RT "A novel family of mammalian taste receptors.";
RL Cell 100:693-702(2000).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=15496549; DOI=10.1093/molbev/msi027;
RA Fischer A., Gilad Y., Man O., Paeaebo S.;
RT "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.";
RL Mol. Biol. Evol. 22:432-436(2005).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=12853948; DOI=10.1038/nature01782;
RA Hillier L.W., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Graves T.A., Pepin K.H.,
RA Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Maas J., Jaeger S., Walker R., Wylie K.,
RA Sekhon M., Becker M.C., O'Laughlin M.D., Schaller M.E., Fewell G.A.,
RA Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Cordes M., Du H., Sun H.,
RA Edwards J., Bradshaw-Cordum H., Ali J., Andrews S., Isak A., Vanbrunt A.,
RA Nguyen C., Du F., Lamar B., Courtney L., Kalicki J., Ozersky P.,
RA Bielicki L., Scott K., Holmes A., Harkins R., Harris A., Strong C.M.,
RA Hou S., Tomlinson C., Dauphin-Kohlberg S., Kozlowicz-Reilly A., Leonard S.,
RA Rohlfing T., Rock S.M., Tin-Wollam A.-M., Abbott A., Minx P., Maupin R.,
RA Strowmatt C., Latreille P., Miller N., Johnson D., Murray J.,
RA Woessner J.P., Wendl M.C., Yang S.-P., Schultz B.R., Wallis J.W.,
RA Spieth J., Bieri T.A., Nelson J.O., Berkowicz N., Wohldmann P.E.,
RA Cook L.L., Hickenbotham M.T., Eldred J., Williams D., Bedell J.A.,
RA Mardis E.R., Clifton S.W., Chissoe S.L., Marra M.A., Raymond C., Haugen E.,
RA Gillett W., Zhou Y., James R., Phelps K., Iadanoto S., Bubb K., Simms E.,
RA Levy R., Clendenning J., Kaul R., Kent W.J., Furey T.S., Baertsch R.A.,
RA Brent M.R., Keibler E., Flicek P., Bork P., Suyama M., Bailey J.A.,
RA Portnoy M.E., Torrents D., Chinwalla A.T., Gish W.R., Eddy S.R.,
RA McPherson J.D., Olson M.V., Eichler E.E., Green E.D., Waterston R.H.,
RA Wilson R.K.;
RT "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7.";
RL Nature 424:157-164(2003).
RN [4]
RP CHARACTERIZATION.
RX PubMed=10761935; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80706-0;
RA Chandrashekar J., Mueller K.L., Hoon M.A., Adler E., Feng L., Guo W.,
RA Zuker C.S., Ryba N.J.P.;
RT "T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors.";
RL Cell 100:703-711(2000).
RN [5]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=12139982; DOI=10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00345-8;
RA Montmayeur J.-P., Matsunami H.;
RT "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.";
RL Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12:366-371(2002).
RN [6]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=11696554; DOI=10.1074/jbc.r100054200;
RA Margolskee R.F.;
RT "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 277:1-4(2002).
RN [7]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=12581520; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00071-0;
RA Zhang Y., Hoon M.A., Chandrashekar J., Mueller K.L., Cook B., Wu D.,
RA Zuker C.S., Ryba N.J.;
RT "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells
RT sharing similar signaling pathways.";
RL Cell 112:293-301(2003).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=19628819; DOI=10.1126/science.1173869;
RA Shah A.S., Ben-Shahar Y., Moninger T.O., Kline J.N., Welsh M.J.;
RT "Motile cilia of human airway epithelia are chemosensory.";
RL Science 325:1131-1134(2009).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Gustducin-coupled receptor for denatonium and N(6)-propyl-2-
CC thiouracil implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral
CC cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the
CC calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5. In airway epithelial cells,
CC binding of denatonium increases the intracellular calcium ion
CC concentration and stimulates ciliary beat frequency.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19628819}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19628819}; Multi-
CC pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19628819}. Cell projection,
CC cilium membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19628819}. Note=In airway
CC epithelial cells, localizes to motile cilia.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the
CC tongue and palate epithelium and exclusively in gustducin-positive
CC cells. Expressed on airway ciliated epithelium.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19628819}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single
CC taste receptor cell.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Protein Spotlight; Note=A tail of protection - Issue
CC 119 of July 2010;
CC URL="https://web.expasy.org/spotlight/back_issues/119";
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DR EMBL; AF227131; AAF43904.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY724958; AAU21154.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AC004979; AAS02039.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR CCDS; CCDS5868.1; -.
DR RefSeq; NP_058640.1; NM_016944.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9NYW5; -.
DR SMR; Q9NYW5; -.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000247881; -.
DR BindingDB; Q9NYW5; -.
DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL3309107; -.
DR GlyGen; Q9NYW5; 3 sites.
DR BioMuta; TAS2R4; -.
DR DMDM; 29839665; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9NYW5; -.
DR PeptideAtlas; Q9NYW5; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9NYW5; -.
DR Antibodypedia; 32508; 38 antibodies from 17 providers.
DR DNASU; 50832; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000247881.4; ENSP00000247881.3; ENSG00000127364.4.
DR GeneID; 50832; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:50832; -.
DR MANE-Select; ENST00000247881.4; ENSP00000247881.3; NM_016944.2; NP_058640.1.
DR UCSC; uc003vwq.2; human.
DR CTD; 50832; -.
DR DisGeNET; 50832; -.
DR GeneCards; TAS2R4; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:14911; TAS2R4.
DR HPA; ENSG00000127364; Tissue enhanced (brain).
DR MIM; 604869; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_Q9NYW5; -.
DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000127364; -.
DR PharmGKB; PA37923; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000127364; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502S2SI; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00960000186638; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_072337_3_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9NYW5; -.
DR OMA; GAMKLMI; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1010573at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9NYW5; -.
DR TreeFam; TF335891; -.
DR PathwayCommons; Q9NYW5; -.
DR Reactome; R-HSA-418594; G alpha (i) signalling events.
DR Reactome; R-HSA-420499; Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors).
DR Reactome; R-HSA-9717207; Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 50832; 2 hits in 1066 CRISPR screens.
DR GeneWiki; TAS2R4; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 50832; -.
DR Pharos; Q9NYW5; Tchem.
DR PRO; PR:Q9NYW5; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 7.
DR RNAct; Q9NYW5; protein.
DR Bgee; ENSG00000127364; Expressed in sural nerve and 101 other tissues.
DR Genevisible; Q9NYW5; HS.
DR GO; GO:0060170; C:ciliary membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; TAS:Reactome.
DR GO; GO:0033038; F:bitter taste receptor activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0004930; F:G protein-coupled receptor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0008527; F:taste receptor activity; TAS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0001580; P:detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007585; P:respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system; IEA:Ensembl.
DR InterPro; IPR007960; TAS2R.
DR InterPro; IPR030055; TAS2R4.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11394:SF55; PTHR11394:SF55; 1.
DR Pfam; PF05296; TAS2R; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Cell membrane; Cell projection; Cilium; G-protein coupled receptor;
KW Glycoprotein; Membrane; Receptor; Reference proteome; Sensory transduction;
KW Taste; Transducer; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix.
FT CHAIN 1..299
FT /note="Taste receptor type 2 member 4"
FT /id="PRO_0000082205"
FT TOPO_DOM 1..9
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 10..30
FT /note="Helical; Name=1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 31..46
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 47..67
FT /note="Helical; Name=2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 68..81
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 82..102
FT /note="Helical; Name=3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 103..131
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 132..152
FT /note="Helical; Name=4"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 153..172
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 173..193
FT /note="Helical; Name=5"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 194..230
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 231..251
FT /note="Helical; Name=6"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 252..262
FT /note="Extracellular"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 263..283
FT /note="Helical; Name=7"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TOPO_DOM 284..299
FT /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 164
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 165
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 169
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT VARIANT 3
FT /note="R -> Q (in dbSNP:rs2233995)"
FT /id="VAR_034535"
FT VARIANT 7
FT /note="F -> S (in dbSNP:rs2233998)"
FT /id="VAR_034536"
FT VARIANT 62
FT /note="F -> L (in dbSNP:rs2233999)"
FT /id="VAR_053341"
FT VARIANT 74
FT /note="T -> M (in dbSNP:rs2234000)"
FT /id="VAR_020200"
FT VARIANT 96
FT /note="V -> L (in dbSNP:rs2234001)"
FT /id="VAR_020201"
FT VARIANT 171
FT /note="S -> N (in dbSNP:rs2234002)"
FT /id="VAR_020202"
FT VARIANT 191
FT /note="I -> V (in dbSNP:rs2234003)"
FT /id="VAR_053342"
SQ SEQUENCE 299 AA; 33841 MW; 8265610092B19945 CRC64;
MLRLFYFSAI IASVILNFVG IIMNLFITVV NCKTWVKSHR ISSSDRILFS LGITRFLMLG
LFLVNTIYFV SSNTERSVYL SAFFVLCFMF LDSSSVWFVT LLNILYCVKI TNFQHSVFLL
LKRNISPKIP RLLLACVLIS AFTTCLYITL SQASPFPELV TTRNNTSFNI SEGILSLVVS
LVLSSSLQFI INVTSASLLI HSLRRHIQKM QKNATGFWNP QTEAHVGAMK LMVYFLILYI
PYSVATLVQY LPFYAGMDMG TKSICLIFAT LYSPGHSVLI IITHPKLKTT AKKILCFKK
