TAT_BIV29
ID TAT_BIV29 Reviewed; 103 AA.
AC P19564; P19565; Q65602;
DT 01-FEB-1991, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 2.
DT 29-SEP-2021, entry version 101.
DE RecName: Full=Protein Tat;
DE AltName: Full=S ORF;
DE AltName: Full=Transactivating regulatory protein;
DE AltName: Full=bTat;
GN Name=tat;
OS Bovine immunodeficiency virus (strain R29) (BIV) (Bovine
OS immunodeficiency-like virus).
OC Viruses; Riboviria; Pararnavirae; Artverviricota; Revtraviricetes;
OC Ortervirales; Retroviridae; Orthoretrovirinae; Lentivirus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=417296;
OH NCBI_TaxID=9913; Bos taurus (Bovine).
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA].
RC STRAIN=Isolate R29-106, and Isolate R29-127;
RX PubMed=2183467; DOI=10.1016/0042-6822(90)90424-p;
RA Garvey K.J., Oberste M.S., Elser J.E., Braun M.J., Gonda M.A.;
RT "Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of biologically active
RT proviruses of the bovine immunodeficiency-like virus.";
RL Virology 175:391-409(1990).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Isolate R29-Nadin;
RA Nadin-Davis S.A., Chang S.C., Roth J.A., Carpenter S.;
RT "Isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding rev and tat of bovine
RT immunodeficiency-like virus.";
RL Submitted (OCT-1992) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS TAT103 AND TAT108), ALTERNATIVE
RP SPLICING, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RC STRAIN=Isolate R29-106;
RX PubMed=9217057; DOI=10.1006/viro.1997.8589;
RA Fong S.E., Greenwood J.D., Williamson J.C., Derse D., Pallansch L.A.,
RA Copeland T., Rasmussen L., Mentzer A., Nagashima K., Tobin G., Gonda M.A.;
RT "Bovine immunodeficiency virus tat gene: cloning of two distinct cDNAs and
RT identification, characterization, and immunolocalization of the tat gene
RT products.";
RL Virology 233:339-357(1997).
RN [4]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=10846086; DOI=10.1128/jvi.74.13.6039-6044.2000;
RA Barboric M., Taube R., Nekrep N., Fujinaga K., Peterlin B.M.;
RT "Binding of Tat to TAR and recruitment of positive transcription elongation
RT factor b occur independently in bovine immunodeficiency virus.";
RL J. Virol. 74:6039-6044(2000).
RN [5]
RP STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 68-81 IN COMPLEX WITH TAR RNA.
RX PubMed=7502045; DOI=10.1126/science.270.5239.1200;
RA Puglisi J.D., Chen L., Blanchard S., Frankel A.D.;
RT "Solution structure of a bovine immunodeficiency virus Tat-TAR peptide-RNA
RT complex.";
RL Science 270:1200-1203(1995).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Nuclear transcriptional activator of viral gene expression,
CC that is essential for viral transcription from the LTR promoter and
CC replication. Acts as a sequence-specific molecular adapter, directing
CC components of the cellular transcription machinery to the viral RNA to
CC promote processive transcription elongation by the RNA polymerase II
CC (RNA pol II) complex, thereby increasing the level of full-length
CC transcripts. Tat binds to a hairpin structure at the 5'-end of all
CC nascent viral mRNAs referred to as the transactivation responsive RNA
CC element (TAR RNA) in a CCNT1-independent mode. Tat then recruits the
CC CCNT1/cyclin-T1 component of the P-TEFb complex (CDK9 and CCNT1), which
CC promotes RNA chain elongation. The CDK9 component of P-TEFb
CC hyperphosphorylates the C-terminus of RNA Pol II that becomes
CC stabilized and much more processive (Probable).
CC {ECO:0000305|PubMed:10846086}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Binds to bovine CCNT1/cyclin-T1. Also binds human, equine and
CC mouse CCNT1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7502045}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus, host nucleolus
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9217057}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2;
CC Name=Tat103;
CC IsoId=P19564-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=Tat108;
CC IsoId=P19564-2; Sequence=VSP_022396;
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The sequence shown is that of isolate R29-127.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: [Isoform Tat103]: Strongly transactivates the viral
CC promoter.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: [Isoform Tat108]: Strongly transactivates the viral
CC promoter. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lentiviruses Tat family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; M32690; AAA91273.1; -; Genomic_RNA.
DR EMBL; L04973; AAA42775.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; D34742; TNLJBT.
DR RefSeq; NP_040565.1; NC_001413.1.
DR PDB; 1BIV; NMR; -; B=65-81.
DR PDB; 1MNB; NMR; -; A=68-81.
DR PDBsum; 1BIV; -.
DR PDBsum; 1MNB; -.
DR SMR; P19564; -.
DR GeneID; 1724698; -.
DR KEGG; vg:1724698; -.
DR EvolutionaryTrace; P19564; -.
DR GO; GO:0044196; C:host cell nucleolus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0003723; F:RNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0001070; F:RNA-binding transcription regulator activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0050434; P:positive regulation of viral transcription; IEA:InterPro.
DR Gene3D; 4.10.20.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR001831; IV_Tat.
DR InterPro; IPR036963; Tat_dom_sf.
DR Pfam; PF00539; Tat; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00055; HIVTATDOMAIN.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Activator; Alternative splicing; Host nucleus;
KW Host-virus interaction; RNA-binding; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..103
FT /note="Protein Tat"
FT /id="PRO_0000085483"
FT REGION 38..53
FT /note="Cysteine-rich"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT REGION 54..67
FT /note="Core"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT REGION 63..103
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOTIF 68..81
FT /note="Nuclear localization signal and RNA-binding (TAR)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT COMPBIAS 80..97
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT VAR_SEQ 99..103
FT /note="TNMDQ -> PGNKTTQKGD (in isoform Tat108)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:9217057"
FT /id="VSP_022396"
FT VARIANT 10
FT /note="M -> R (in strain: Isolate R-29-Nadin)"
FT VARIANT 52
FT /note="L -> P (in strain: Isolate R-29-Nadin)"
FT VARIANT 61
FT /note="I -> V (in strain: Isolate R29-106)"
FT VARIANT 69
FT /note="R -> P (in strain: Isolate R29-106)"
FT VARIANT 86
FT /note="G -> E (in strain: Isolate R29-106)"
FT STRAND 67..69
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BIV"
FT STRAND 72..76
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BIV"
SQ SEQUENCE 103 AA; 11741 MW; 2844324790036A55 CRC64;
MPGPWVAMIM LPQPKESFGG KPIGWLFWNT CKGPRRDCPH CCCPICSWHC QLCFLQKNLG
INYGSGPRRR GTRGKGRRIR RTASGGDQRR EADSQRSFTN MDQ
