TAU_PANTR
ID TAU_PANTR Reviewed; 776 AA.
AC Q5YCW1;
DT 15-FEB-2005, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 4.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 130.
DE RecName: Full=Microtubule-associated protein tau;
GN Name=MAPT;
OS Pan troglodytes (Chimpanzee).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC Pan.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9598;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=15474313; DOI=10.1016/j.gene.2004.07.013;
RA Holzer M., Craxton M., Jakes R., Arendt T., Goedert M.;
RT "Tau gene (MAPT) sequence variation among primates.";
RL Gene 341:313-322(2004).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be
CC involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The
CC C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural
CC plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker
CC protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau
CC localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body
CC defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the
CC cytoskeleton whereas the longer isoforms may preferentially play a role
CC in its stabilization (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with MARK1, MARK2, MARK3 AND MARK4 (By similarity).
CC Interacts with SQSTM1 when polyubiquitinated (By similarity). Interacts
CC with PSMC2 through SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP4 (By
CC similarity). Binds to CSNK1D (By similarity). Interacts with SGK1 (By
CC similarity). Interacts with EPM2A; the interaction dephosphorylates
CC MAPT at Ser-396 (By similarity). Interacts with PIN1 (By similarity).
CC Interacts with LRRK2 (By similarity). Interacts with LRP1, leading to
CC endocytosis; this interaction is reduced in the presence of LRPAP1/RAP
CC (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636,
CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19332}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}. Cell membrane
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}; Peripheral membrane protein
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}; Cytoplasmic side
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}. Cell projection, axon
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}. Cell projection, dendrite
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}. Note=Mostly found in the axons of
CC neurons, in the cytosol and in association with plasma membrane
CC components. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The tau/MAP repeat binds to tubulin. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Polyubiquitinated. Requires functional TRAF6 and may provoke
CC SQSTM1-dependent degradation by the proteasome (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylation at various serine and threonine residues in S-P or
CC T-P motifs by proline-directed protein kinases (PDPK1, CDK1, CDK5,
CC GSK3, MAPK) (a few sites per protein in interphase, more in mitosis),
CC and at serine residues in K-X-G-S motifs by MAP/microtubule affinity-
CC regulating kinase (MARK1, MARK2, MARK3 or MARK4), causing detachment
CC from microtubules, and their disassembly (By similarity).
CC Phosphorylation at Ser-597 by BRSK1 and BRSK2 in neurons affects
CC ability to bind microtubules and plays a role in neuron polarization.
CC Phosphorylated by PHK. Dephosphorylation at several serine and
CC threonine residues by the serine/threonine phosphatase PPP5C (By
CC similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-214 by SGK1 mediates microtubule
CC depolymerization and neurite formation in hippocampal neurons (By
CC similarity). {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636}.
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DR EMBL; AY574135; AAS91773.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574122; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574123; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574124; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574125; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574126; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574127; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574128; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574129; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574130; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574131; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574132; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574133; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY574134; AAS91773.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q5YCW1; -.
DR SMR; Q5YCW1; -.
DR STRING; 9598.ENSPTRP00000015840; -.
DR PaxDb; Q5YCW1; -.
DR PRIDE; Q5YCW1; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSPTRT00000017113; ENSPTRP00000015840; ENSPTRG00000009314.
DR Ensembl; ENSPTRT00000094329; ENSPTRP00000086254; ENSPTRG00000046868.
DR VGNC; VGNC:12432; MAPT.
DR eggNOG; KOG2418; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000155494; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_021741_2_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q5YCW1; -.
DR TreeFam; TF316358; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000002277; Chromosome 17.
DR Bgee; ENSPTRG00000009314; Expressed in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and 19 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0030424; C:axon; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0030425; C:dendrite; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0030426; C:growth cone; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005874; C:microtubule; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0043005; C:neuron projection; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045298; C:tubulin complex; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0008017; F:microtubule binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000226; P:microtubule cytoskeleton organization; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0031175; P:neuron projection development; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0045773; P:positive regulation of axon extension; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0031116; P:positive regulation of microtubule polymerization; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR InterPro; IPR001084; MAP_tubulin-bd_rpt.
DR InterPro; IPR002955; Tau.
DR Pfam; PF00418; Tubulin-binding; 4.
DR PRINTS; PR01261; TAUPROTEIN.
DR PROSITE; PS00229; TAU_MAP_1; 4.
DR PROSITE; PS51491; TAU_MAP_2; 4.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Acetylation; Cell membrane; Cell projection; Cytoplasm; Cytoskeleton;
KW Isopeptide bond; Membrane; Methylation; Microtubule; Phosphoprotein;
KW Reference proteome; Repeat; Ubl conjugation.
FT INIT_MET 1
FT /note="Removed"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT CHAIN 2..776
FT /note="Microtubule-associated protein tau"
FT /id="PRO_0000072743"
FT REPEAT 579..609
FT /note="Tau/MAP 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00824"
FT REPEAT 610..640
FT /note="Tau/MAP 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00824"
FT REPEAT 641..671
FT /note="Tau/MAP 3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00824"
FT REPEAT 672..703
FT /note="Tau/MAP 4"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00824"
FT REGION 1..591
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 733..752
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1..20
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 27..41
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 45..71
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 179..193
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 340..354
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 382..397
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 530..546
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 737..752
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOD_RES 2
FT /note="N-acetylalanine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 18
FT /note="Phosphotyrosine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 29
FT /note="Phosphotyrosine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 46
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19332"
FT MOD_RES 61
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19332"
FT MOD_RES 69
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 71
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P19332"
FT MOD_RES 111
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 214
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 396
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 470
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 472
FT /note="Omega-N-methylarginine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 480
FT /note="N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 480
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 486
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 492
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 498
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 502
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 526
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 530
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 532
FT /note="Phosphotyrosine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 533
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 534
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 537
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 540
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 547
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 549
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 552
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 560
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 566
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 570
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 572
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 594
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 594
FT /note="N6-methyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 597
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 616
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 620
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 624
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 625
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 628
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 633
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 640
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 646
FT /note="N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 646
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 652
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 656
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 659
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 666
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 678
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 682
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 684
FT /note="Omega-N-methylarginine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 687
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 691
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 704
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 720
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 729
FT /note="Phosphotyrosine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 731
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 735
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 738
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT MOD_RES 739
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 744
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 751
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 757
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT MOD_RES 762
FT /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT CROSSLNK 44
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 589
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT CROSSLNK 594
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 602
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 616
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 633
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 646
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT CROSSLNK 652
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 656
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 666
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 678
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 682
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 688
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10636"
FT CROSSLNK 704
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 710
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
FT CROSSLNK 720
FT /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT G-Cter in ubiquitin); alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10637"
SQ SEQUENCE 776 AA; 80979 MW; 38A50C3A20A07951 CRC64;
MAEPRQEFEV MEDHAGTYGL GDRKDQGGYT MHQDQEGDTD AGLKESPLQT PTEDGSEEPG
SETSDAKSTP TAEDVTAPLV DEGAPGKQAA AQPHTEIPEG TTAEEAGIGD TPSLEDEAAG
HVTQEPESGK VVQEGFLREP GPPGLSHQLM SGMPGAPLLP EGPREATRQP SGTGPEDTEG
GRHAPELLKH QLLGDLHQEG PPLKGAGGKE RPGSKEEVDE DRDVDESSLQ DSPPSKASPA
QDGRPPQTAA REATSIPGFP AEGAIPLPVD FLSKVSTEIP ASEPDGPSAG RAKGQDAHLE
FTFHVEITPN VQKEQAHSEE HLGRAAFPGA PGEGPEARGP SLGEDTKEAD LPEPSEKQPA
AAPRGKPVSR VPQLKARMVS KSKDGTGSDD KKAKTSTRSS AKTLKNRPCL SPKHPTPGSS
DPLIQPSSPA VCPEPPSSPK YVSSVTPRTG SSGAKEMKLK GADGKTKIAT PRGAAPPGQK
GQANATRIPA KTPPAPKTPP SSATKQVQRR PPPAGPRSER GEPPKSGDRS GYSSPGSPGT
PGSRSRTPSL PTPPTREPKK VAVVRTPPKS PSSAKSRLQT APVPMPDLKN VKSKIGSTEN
LKHQPGGGKV QIINKKLDLS NVQSKCGSKD NIKHVPGGGS VQIVYKPVDL SKVTSKCGSL
GNIHHKPGGG QVEVKSEKLD FKDRVQSKIG SLDNITHVPG GGNKKIETHK LTFRENAKAK
TDHGAEIVYK SPVVSGDTSP RHLSNVSSTG SIDMVDSPQL ATLADEVSAS LAKQGL
