THIL_XENTR
ID THIL_XENTR Reviewed; 420 AA.
AC Q5BKN8;
DT 16-DEC-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 12-APR-2005, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 96.
DE RecName: Full=Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial;
DE EC=2.3.1.9 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752};
DE AltName: Full=Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=acat1;
OS Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (Silurana tropicalis).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Amphibia;
OC Batrachia; Anura; Pipoidea; Pipidae; Xenopodinae; Xenopus; Silurana.
OX NCBI_TaxID=8364;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RG NIH - Xenopus Gene Collection (XGC) project;
RL Submitted (MAR-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC -!- FUNCTION: This is one of the enzymes that catalyzes the last step of
CC the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway, an aerobic process breaking
CC down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Using free coenzyme A/CoA, catalyzes
CC the thiolytic cleavage of medium- to long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoAs into
CC acetyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbon atoms. The
CC activity of the enzyme is reversible and it can also catalyze the
CC condensation of two acetyl-CoA molecules into acetoacetyl-CoA. Thereby,
CC it plays a major role in ketone body metabolism.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=2 acetyl-CoA = acetoacetyl-CoA + CoA; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:21036,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57286, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287, ChEBI:CHEBI:57288; EC=2.3.1.9;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10020};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:21037;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=right-to-left; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:21038;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=acetyl-CoA + propanoyl-CoA = 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoyl-CoA + CoA;
CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:30719, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287, ChEBI:CHEBI:57288,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57335, ChEBI:CHEBI:57392;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:30720;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=right-to-left; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:30721;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752};
CC -!- PATHWAY: Lipid metabolism; fatty acid beta-oxidation.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homotetramer. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; BC091004; AAH91004.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001025572.1; NM_001030401.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q5BKN8; -.
DR SMR; Q5BKN8; -.
DR STRING; 8364.ENSXETP00000031684; -.
DR PaxDb; Q5BKN8; -.
DR PRIDE; Q5BKN8; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSXETT00000031684; ENSXETP00000031684; ENSXETG00000014477.
DR GeneID; 594960; -.
DR KEGG; xtr:594960; -.
DR CTD; 38; -.
DR Xenbase; XB-GENE-977282; acat1.
DR eggNOG; KOG1390; Eukaryota.
DR InParanoid; Q5BKN8; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1011220at2759; -.
DR Reactome; R-XTR-70895; Branched-chain amino acid catabolism.
DR Reactome; R-XTR-77108; Utilization of Ketone Bodies.
DR Reactome; R-XTR-77111; Synthesis of Ketone Bodies.
DR UniPathway; UPA00659; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000008143; Chromosome 2.
DR Proteomes; UP000790000; Unplaced.
DR Bgee; ENSXETG00000014477; Expressed in skeletal muscle tissue and 14 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q5BKN8; differential.
DR GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0003985; F:acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006635; P:fatty acid beta-oxidation; IBA:GO_Central.
DR CDD; cd00751; thiolase; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.47.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR002155; Thiolase.
DR InterPro; IPR016039; Thiolase-like.
DR InterPro; IPR020615; Thiolase_acyl_enz_int_AS.
DR InterPro; IPR020610; Thiolase_AS.
DR InterPro; IPR020617; Thiolase_C.
DR InterPro; IPR020613; Thiolase_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR020616; Thiolase_N.
DR Pfam; PF02803; Thiolase_C; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00108; Thiolase_N; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF000429; Ac-CoA_Ac_transf; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF53901; SSF53901; 2.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR01930; AcCoA-C-Actrans; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00098; THIOLASE_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00737; THIOLASE_2; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00099; THIOLASE_3; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Acyltransferase; Fatty acid metabolism; Lipid metabolism; Metal-binding;
KW Mitochondrion; Potassium; Reference proteome; Transferase; Transit peptide.
FT TRANSIT 1..33
FT /note="Mitochondrion"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P17764"
FT CHAIN 34..420
FT /note="Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial"
FT /id="PRO_0000356278"
FT ACT_SITE 119
FT /note="Acyl-thioester intermediate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT ACT_SITE 406
FT /note="Proton donor/acceptor"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 212
FT /ligand="CoA"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57287"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 212
FT /ligand="K(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29103"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 251..253
FT /ligand="CoA"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57287"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 256
FT /ligand="CoA"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57287"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 273
FT /ligand="K(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29103"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 274
FT /ligand="K(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29103"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 276
FT /ligand="K(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29103"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 277
FT /ligand="CoA"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57287"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT BINDING 374
FT /ligand="K(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29103"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
FT SITE 378
FT /note="Increases nucleophilicity of active site Cys"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P24752"
SQ SEQUENCE 420 AA; 44030 MW; C88BD0647993B78C CRC64;
MAFCGPRTAA RLSHSTRALH YTHRGHVSQR TLNEVVIASA ARTPIGSFQG SLSSLPATKL
GSIAIKAAVE RAGIPGDEVK EVYMGNVLQA GQGQAPSRQA TLGAGLAIST PTTTINKVCA
SGMKSIMLAA QSLMCGHQQV MVAGGMESMS NVPYCMSRGA TPYGGVKLED IIVKDGLTDV
YNKFHMGNCA ENTAKKLSIS REEQDSFAIN SYTRSKAAWD SGLIANEIVS VTISQKGRPD
IIVQEDEEYK RVDFSKFSKL KTVFQKDNGT VTAANASTLN DGAAALVLMT AGAASRLNVT
PLARIVAFAD AAVDPIDFPI APAYAVPKLL SEAGLKKEDI AMWEINEAFS VVVLANVKML
DIDPARVNVN GGAVSLGHPI GMSGARIVGH MAHVLKKGQF GIAGICNGGG GASAVLIEKL
