ID   THNB_WHEAT              Reviewed;         136 AA.
AC   P01543;
DT   21-JUL-1986, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   15-JUL-1998, sequence version 2.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 117.
DE   RecName: Full=Purothionin A-1;
DE   AltName: Full=Beta-purothionin;
DE   AltName: Full=Purothionin A-I;
DE   Contains:
DE     RecName: Full=Purothionin A-1;
DE   Contains:
DE     RecName: Full=Acidic protein;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=THI1.3;
OS   Triticum aestivum (Wheat).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BOP clade;
OC   Pooideae; Triticodae; Triticeae; Triticinae; Triticum.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=4565;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Rosella;
RA   Hughes P.A., Llewellyn D.L., Whitecross M.;
RL   Submitted (JUN-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [2]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-72.
RC   STRAIN=cv. Manitoba 3;
RX   PubMed=914810; DOI=10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131752;
RA   Ohtani S., Okada T., Yoshizumi H., Kagamiyama H.;
RT   "Complete primary structures of two subunits of purothionin A, a lethal
RT   protein for brewer's yeast from wheat flour.";
RL   J. Biochem. 82:753-767(1977).
RN   [3]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-72.
RA   Ohtani S., Okada T., Kagamiyama H., Yoshizumi H.;
RT   "The amino acid sequence of purothionin A, a lethal toxic protein to
RT   brewer's yeast from wheat.";
RL   Agric. Biol. Chem. 39:2269-2270(1975).
RN   [4]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 28-72.
RX   PubMed=990986; DOI=10.1139/o76-120;
RA   Mak A.S., Jones B.L.;
RT   "The amino acid sequence of wheat beta-purothionin.";
RL   Can. J. Biochem. 54:835-842(1976).
RN   [5]
RP   X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.7 ANGSTROMS).
RX   PubMed=15299761; DOI=10.1107/s0907444995002976;
RA   Stec B., Rao U., Teeter M.M.;
RT   "Refinement of purothionins reveals solute particles important for lattice
RT   formation and toxicity. Part 2: structure of beta-purothionin at 1.7-A
RT   resolution.";
RL   Acta Crystallogr. D 51:914-924(1995).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Thionins are small plant proteins which are toxic to animal
CC       cells. They seem to exert their toxic effect at the level of the cell
CC       membrane. Their precise function is not known.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plant thionin (TC 1.C.44) family.
CC       {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AF004018; AAB71137.1; -; mRNA.
DR   PDB; 1BHP; X-ray; 1.70 A; A=28-72.
DR   PDBsum; 1BHP; -.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P01543; -.
DR   SMR; P01543; -.
DR   Allergome; 9834; Tri a 37.
DR   TCDB; 1.C.44.1.1; the plant thionine (pt) family.
DR   PRIDE; P01543; -.
DR   EvolutionaryTrace; P01543; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000019116; Unplaced.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; P01543; baseline.
DR   GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0090729; F:toxin activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006952; P:defense response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   Gene3D; 3.30.1350.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR001010; Thionin.
DR   InterPro; IPR036391; Thionin-like_sf.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR33920; PTHR33920; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00321; Thionin; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00287; THIONIN.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF57429; SSF57429; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00271; THIONIN; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   3D-structure; Direct protein sequencing; Disulfide bond; Plant defense;
KW   Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal; Toxin.
FT   SIGNAL          1..27
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:914810,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:990986, ECO:0000269|Ref.3"
FT   CHAIN           28..72
FT                   /note="Purothionin A-1"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000034130"
FT   CHAIN           73..136
FT                   /note="Acidic protein"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000034131"
FT   DISULFID        30..66
FT   DISULFID        31..58
FT   DISULFID        39..56
FT   DISULFID        43..52
FT   STRAND          29..33
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BHP"
FT   HELIX           34..43
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BHP"
FT   TURN            44..46
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BHP"
FT   HELIX           49..55
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BHP"
FT   STRAND          58..60
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BHP"
FT   STRAND          62..65
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1BHP"
SQ   SEQUENCE   136 AA;  14625 MW;  A855C815519EDA24 CRC64;
     MGSKGLKGVM VCLLILGLVL EQVQVEGKSC CKSTLGRNCY NLCRARGAQK LCANVCRCKL
     TSGLSCPKDF PKLVLESNSD EPDTMEYCNL GCRSSLCDYI VNAAADDEEM KLYVEQCGDA
     CVNFCNADAG LTSLDA