THS1_VITVI
ID THS1_VITVI Reviewed; 392 AA.
AC P28343; A5AGH1; Q2HY09; Q54AD0;
DT 01-DEC-1992, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-OCT-1996, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 140.
DE RecName: Full=Stilbene synthase 1;
DE EC=2.3.1.95;
DE AltName: Full=PSV25;
DE AltName: Full=Resveratrol synthase 1;
DE AltName: Full=Trihydroxystilbene synthase 1;
DE Short=StSy 1;
DE AltName: Full=Vitis stilbene synthase 1;
GN Name=VINST1; Synonyms=STS2, VST1;
GN ORFNames=GSVIVT00009226001, LOC100256566, VITISV_035301;
OS Vitis vinifera (Grape).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; Vitales; Vitaceae; Viteae; Vitis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=29760;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Optima;
RX PubMed=2200709; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(90)80961-h;
RA Melchior F., Kindl H.;
RT "Grapevine stilbene synthase cDNA only slightly differing from chalcone
RT synthase cDNA is expressed in Escherichia coli into a catalytically active
RT enzyme.";
RL FEBS Lett. 268:17-20(1990).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Optima;
RX PubMed=1898048; DOI=10.1016/0003-9861(91)90234-a;
RA Melchior F., Kindl H.;
RT "Coordinate- and elicitor-dependent expression of stilbene synthase and
RT phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes in Vitis cv. Optima.";
RL Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 288:552-557(1991).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Optima;
RA Kobayashi S., Ding C., Nakamura Y., Nakajima I., Matsumoto R.;
RT "Kiwifruits (Actinidia deliciosa) transformed with a Vitis stilbene
RT synthase gene produce piceid (resveratrol-glucoside).";
RL Plant Cell Rep. 19:904-910(2000).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RA Zhang Y., Yu O.;
RL Submitted (JAN-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Pinot noir / PN40024;
RX PubMed=17721507; DOI=10.1038/nature06148;
RA Jaillon O., Aury J.-M., Noel B., Policriti A., Clepet C., Casagrande A.,
RA Choisne N., Aubourg S., Vitulo N., Jubin C., Vezzi A., Legeai F.,
RA Hugueney P., Dasilva C., Horner D., Mica E., Jublot D., Poulain J.,
RA Bruyere C., Billault A., Segurens B., Gouyvenoux M., Ugarte E.,
RA Cattonaro F., Anthouard V., Vico V., Del Fabbro C., Alaux M.,
RA Di Gaspero G., Dumas V., Felice N., Paillard S., Juman I., Moroldo M.,
RA Scalabrin S., Canaguier A., Le Clainche I., Malacrida G., Durand E.,
RA Pesole G., Laucou V., Chatelet P., Merdinoglu D., Delledonne M.,
RA Pezzotti M., Lecharny A., Scarpelli C., Artiguenave F., Pe M.E., Valle G.,
RA Morgante M., Caboche M., Adam-Blondon A.-F., Weissenbach J., Quetier F.,
RA Wincker P.;
RT "The grapevine genome sequence suggests ancestral hexaploidization in major
RT angiosperm phyla.";
RL Nature 449:463-467(2007).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Pinot noir;
RX DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0001326;
RA Velasco R., Zharkikh A., Troggio M., Cartwright D.A., Cestaro A., Pruss D.,
RA Pindo M., FitzGerald L.M., Vezzulli S., Reid J., Malacarne G., Iliev D.,
RA Coppola G., Wardell B., Micheletti D., Macalma T., Facci M., Mitchell J.T.,
RA Perazzolli M., Eldredge G., Gatto P., Oyzerski R., Moretto M., Gutin N.,
RA Stefanini M., Chen Y., Segala C., Davenport C., Dematte L., Mraz A.,
RA Battilana J., Stormo K., Costa F., Tao Q., Si-Ammour A., Harkins T.,
RA Lackey A., Perbost C., Taillon B., Stella A., Solovyev V., Fawcett J.A.,
RA Sterck L., Vandepoele K., Grando S.M., Toppo S., Moser C., Lanchbury J.,
RA Bogden R., Skolnick M., Sgaramella V., Bhatnagar S.K., Fontana P.,
RA Gutin A., Van de Peer Y., Salamini F., Viola R.;
RT "A high quality draft consensus sequence of the genome of a heterozygous
RT grapevine variety.";
RL PLoS ONE 2:E1326-E1326(2007).
RN [7]
RP INDUCTION BY OZONE AND PATHOGENS, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=9225853; DOI=10.1023/a:1005830714852;
RA Schubert R., Fischer R., Hain R., Schreier P.H., Bahnweg G., Ernst D.,
RA Sandermann H. Jr.;
RT "An ozone-responsive region of the grapevine resveratrol synthase promoter
RT differs from the basal pathogen-responsive sequence.";
RL Plant Mol. Biol. 34:417-426(1997).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, BIOTECHNOLOGY, AND INDUCTION BY PHYTOPATHOGEN AND ABIOTIC STRESS.
RX PubMed=11432907; DOI=10.1093/jexbot/52.358.901;
RA Coutos-Thevenot P., Poinssot B., Bonomelli A., Yean H., Breda C.,
RA Buffard D., Esnault R., Hain R., Boulay M.;
RT "In vitro tolerance to Botrytis cinerea of grapevine 41B rootstock in
RT transgenic plants expressing the stilbene synthase Vst1 gene under the
RT control of a pathogen-inducible PR 10 promoter.";
RL J. Exp. Bot. 52:901-910(2001).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RA Coutos-Thevenot P., Hain R., Schreier P.-H., Boulay M., Esnault R.;
RT "Nucleic acid comprising the sequence of a promoter unductible by stress
RT and a gene sequence coding for a stilbene synthase.";
RL Patent number US6800794, 05-OCT-2004.
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=15309535; DOI=10.1007/s00425-004-1343-1;
RA Zhu Y.J., Agbayani R., Jackson M.C., Tang C.S., Moore P.H.;
RT "Expression of the grapevine stilbene synthase gene VST1 in papaya provides
RT increased resistance against diseases caused by Phytophthora palmivora.";
RL Planta 220:241-250(2004).
RN [11]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=15359598; DOI=10.1023/b:trag.0000034658.64990.7f;
RA Giorcelli A., Sparvoli F., Mattivi F., Tava A., Balestrazzi A.,
RA Vrhovsek U., Calligari P., Bollini R., Confalonieri M.;
RT "Expression of the stilbene synthase (StSy) gene from grapevine in
RT transgenic white poplar results in high accumulation of the antioxidant
RT resveratrol glucosides.";
RL Transgenic Res. 13:203-214(2004).
RN [12]
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND INDUCTION BY JA.
RX PubMed=15869650; DOI=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01383.x;
RA Tassoni A., Fornale S., Franceschetti M., Musiani F., Michael A.J.,
RA Perry B., Bagni N.;
RT "Jasmonates and Na-orthovanadate promote resveratrol production in Vitis
RT vinifera cv. Barbera cell cultures.";
RL New Phytol. 166:895-905(2005).
RN [13]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=17168899; DOI=10.1111/j.1467-7652.2004.00099.x;
RA Giovinazzo G., D'Amico L., Paradiso A., Bollini R., Sparvoli F., DeGara L.;
RT "Antioxidant metabolite profiles in tomato fruit constitutively expressing
RT the grapevine stilbene synthase gene.";
RL Plant Biotechnol. J. 3:57-69(2005).
RN [14]
RP INDUCTION BY JA.
RX PubMed=17117799; DOI=10.1021/jf0618022;
RA Belhadj A., Saigne C., Telef N., Cluzet S., Bouscaut J.,
RA Corio-Costet M.-F., Merillon J.-M.;
RT "Methyl jasmonate induces defense responses in grapevine and triggers
RT protection against Erysiphe necator.";
RL J. Agric. Food Chem. 54:9119-9125(2006).
RN [15]
RP INDUCTION BY UV LIGHT.
RX PubMed=16802117; DOI=10.1007/s00299-006-0172-z;
RA Richter A., de Kathen A., de Lorenzo G., Briviba K., Hain R., Ramsay G.,
RA Jacobsen H.-J., Kiesecker H.;
RT "Transgenic peas (Pisum sativum) expressing polygalacturonase inhibiting
RT protein from raspberry (Rubus idaeus) and stilbene synthase from grape
RT (Vitis vinifera).";
RL Plant Cell Rep. 25:1166-1173(2006).
RN [16]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=16885328; DOI=10.1128/aem.00609-06;
RA Beekwilder J., Wolswinkel R., Jonker H., Hall R., de Vos C.H.R., Bovy A.;
RT "Production of resveratrol in recombinant microorganisms.";
RL Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72:5670-5672(2006).
RN [17]
RP INDUCTION BY ERGOSTEROL.
RX PubMed=17022174; DOI=10.1094/mpmi-19-1103;
RA Laquitaine L., Gomes E., Francois J., Marchive C., Pascal S., Hamdi S.,
RA Atanassova R., Delrot S., Coutos-Thevenot P.;
RT "Molecular basis of ergosterol-induced protection of grape against botrytis
RT cinerea: induction of type I LTP promoter activity, WRKY, and stilbene
RT synthase gene expression.";
RL Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 19:1103-1112(2006).
RN [18]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=17569614; DOI=10.2741/2432;
RA Shankar S., Singh G., Srivastava R.K.;
RT "Chemoprevention by resveratrol: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic
RT potential.";
RL Front. Biosci. 12:4839-4854(2007).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Mediates resistance to pathogens which are sensitive to
CC stilbenes such as Botrytis cinerea, Eutypa lata and Plasmopora viticola
CC by enhancing the production of phytoalexins. Confers resistance to
CC Phytophthora palmivora when expressed in papaya.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11432907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15309535,
CC ECO:0000269|Ref.9}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=4-coumaroyl-CoA + 3 H(+) + 3 malonyl-CoA = 4 CO2 + 4 CoA +
CC trans-resveratrol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:11936, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:45713, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57355, ChEBI:CHEBI:57384; EC=2.3.1.95;
CC -!- PATHWAY: Phytoalexin biosynthesis; 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene
CC biosynthesis; 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene from trans-4-coumarate: step
CC 2/2.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: In leaves, expressed in palisade and spongy
CC parenchyma cells and, to a lesser extent, in epidermal cells after
CC induction. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9225853}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: By stress, including UV light, ozone and pathogens such as
CC B.cinerea. Strongly induced by ergosterol, a non-specific fungal
CC elicitor. Positively regulated by jasmonate (JA) and methyl-jasmonate
CC (MeJA). Induction by phytopathogen attack decreases with grape berry
CC ripening. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11432907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15869650,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16802117, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17022174,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17117799, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9225853}.
CC -!- BIOTECHNOLOGY: Driven by a stress-inducible promoter, stilbene synthase
CC is used to improve resistance to pathogens which are sensitive to
CC stilbenes such as B.cinerea, P.palmivora, E.lata or P.viticola.
CC -!- BIOTECHNOLOGY: Expression in heterologous systems (e.g. S.cerevisiae
CC and Populus alba) is used to produce resveratrol for human food and
CC medication. Resveratrol, a product of the chemical reaction catalyzed
CC by stilbene synthase, exhibits several clinical benefits for human
CC diseases, such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases and has positive
CC effects on longevity.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene
CC synthases family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; S63225; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; mRNA.
DR EMBL; S63227; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AB046375; BAB20980.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; DQ366302; ABC84860.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AM426171; CAN60215.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; S11044; S11044.
DR RefSeq; NP_001267939.1; NM_001281010.1.
DR RefSeq; XP_010662499.1; XM_010664197.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P28343; -.
DR SMR; P28343; -.
DR STRING; 29760.VIT_16s0100g01070.t01; -.
DR PRIDE; P28343; -.
DR GeneID; 100256566; -.
DR GeneID; 104877274; -.
DR KEGG; vvi:100256566; -.
DR KEGG; vvi:104877274; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QRSY; Eukaryota.
DR OrthoDB; 950070at2759; -.
DR BRENDA; 2.3.1.95; 6671.
DR UniPathway; UPA00372; UER00548.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P28343; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0050350; F:trihydroxystilbene synthase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR GO; GO:0009058; P:biosynthetic process; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0006952; P:defense response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.47.10; -; 2.
DR InterPro; IPR012328; Chalcone/stilbene_synt_C.
DR InterPro; IPR001099; Chalcone/stilbene_synt_N.
DR InterPro; IPR018088; Chalcone/stilbene_synthase_AS.
DR InterPro; IPR011141; Polyketide_synthase_type-III.
DR InterPro; IPR016039; Thiolase-like.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11877; PTHR11877; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02797; Chal_sti_synt_C; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00195; Chal_sti_synt_N; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF000451; PKS_III; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF53901; SSF53901; 2.
DR PROSITE; PS00441; CHALCONE_SYNTH; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Acyltransferase; Cytoplasm; Genetically modified food; Plant defense;
KW Stress response; Transferase.
FT CHAIN 1..392
FT /note="Stilbene synthase 1"
FT /id="PRO_0000216082"
FT ACT_SITE 164
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU10023"
FT BINDING 55..58
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 267
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 305..307
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT CONFLICT 387..389
FT /note="VPT -> IPM (in Ref. 1; S63227 and 4; ABC84860)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 392 AA; 42840 MW; 0C2E8C2553792431 CRC64;
MASVEEFRNA QRAKGPATIL AIGTATPDHC VYQSDYADYY FRVTKSEHMT ELKKKFNRIC
DKSMIKKRYI HLTEEMLEEH PNIGAYMAPS LNIRQEIITA EVPRLGRDAA LKALKEWGQP
KSKITHLVFC TTSGVEMPGA DYKLANLLGL ETSVRRVMLY HQGCYAGGTV LRTAKDLAEN
NAGARVLVVC SEITVVTFRG PSEDALDSLV GQALFGDGSS AVIVGSDPDV SIERPLFQLV
SAAQTFIPNS AGAIAGNLRE VGLTFHLWPN VPTLISENIE KCLTQAFDPL GISDWNSLFW
IAHPGGPAIL DAVEAKLNLE KKKLEATRHV LSEYGNMSSA CVLFILDEMR KKSLKGEKAT
TGEGLDWGVL FGFGPGLTIE TVVLHSVPTV TN
